JOB HAZZARD ANALYSIS

(JHA)
 HAVE YOU BEEN SET-UP
A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS (JHA)

Identify Determine
Hazards/Risks Control Plan

JHA
Monitor/ Implement
Supervise/ Controls
Evaluate
 OBJECTIVES
• Discuss the basic elements of job hazard analysis
• Identify typical hazards in the workplace
• Review various techniques that can be used to identify hazards in the workplace
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

• A job hazard analysis is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards
before they occur.
• It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools, and the work
environment.
• After uncontrolled hazards are identified, preventive action/controls are put in place to
eliminate or reduce risk.
 Why conduct a job hazard analysis?

• A job hazard analysis can prevent work-related death, injuries

or illnesses by eliminating or controlling identified hazards.

• It ensures that workers have the training, equipment and

supplies to do their jobs safely.

• It will help you in developing your accident prevention program

(APP), a safety requirement for all employers.
• Hazard Awareness - Accepting a risk or hazard is not the same as
eliminating or controlling it.

• When conducting a job hazard analysis, you may need

to take a fresh look at the way things are done at your
workplace.

• Even though you may hear “we’ve been doing it that

way for 20 years and nothing happened”, it doesn’t
mean a hazard doesn’t exist.

• You should take a comprehensive look at all possible

hazards with an open mind.
 JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS

• Performing a job hazard analysis is one of the best methods to

develop safe work procedures for the equipment that is operated.

• The JHA can also be used to train employees in the hazards

associated with task and what control measures should be practiced.
 JHA TEAM

A job hazard analysis requires the cooperation of all parties involved that includes:
• SUPERVISORS - FRONTLINE PERSONNEL RESPONSIBLE FOR MAKING
CHANGE
• EMPLOYEE - PERSON/CREW MOST FAMILIAR WITH JOB
• SAFETY PROFESSIONAL
• ENGINEERS - TECHNICAL ADVISOR
 PRIORITIZATION OF JHA

• Jobs with the highest injury and illness rates

• Jobs that have the potential to cause serious injury
• Jobs in which one simple human error could cause injury
• Jobs complex enough to have written instructions
• Jobs that are new to your facility
• Jobs that significantly had changes in process technology
or procedures
 How do I conduct a JHA?
• Identify the job or task to be analyzed.

• Break the job or task into key components.

• Identify the hazards found in each key component.

• Identify ways to eliminate or control these hazards.

• Eliminate the hazard or install controls.

• Keep a record of the hazards identified and steps

taken to eliminate or control them.

• Periodically assess controls to ensure they are

working correctly.
 Breaking job into key components – example
changing a light bulb

Too Much Detail Too Little Detail Right Amount of Detail

•Get a ladder and new light •Get ladder and new light bulb.
bulb.
•Get ladder from storage. •Turn light switch off
•Get new light bulb from storage. •Change bulb.
•Carry ladder and light bulb to light that needs •Place ladder under light to be
changing. •Put ladder away and throw changed.
•Place ladder under light to be changed. out old light bulb.
•Ensure light switch is in the off position. •Using ladder, change bulb.
•Climb ladder.
•Remove light cover. •Put ladder back in storage.
•Twist light bulb in a counter clock-wise
direction until it is free of the socket.
•Remove old light bulb.
•Insert new light bulb into socket.
•Turn in a clock-wise direction until tightened.
•Replace light cover.
•Descend ladder.
•Carry ladder back to storage.
 IDENTIFYING THE
HAZARDS

A job hazard analysis is an exercise in detective work. Your goal is to discover

the following:

• What can go wrong?

• What are the consequences?
• How likely is it that the hazard will occur?
• How could it arise?
• What are other contributing factors?
COMMON HAZARDS IN
THE WORKPLACE
Stressor Hazard Hazard Hazard
Type Type Type
Chemical Corrosive Fire Toxic
Explosion
Electrical Shock Short Circuit Fire-Static

Mechanical Moving Failure Noise

Parts Pressure
Ergonomic Strain Human Error Fatigue
 COMMON HAZARDS IN
THE WORKPLACE
Stressor Hazard Type Hazard Hazard
Type Type
Radiation Ionizing Non
Ionizing
Contact Struck By Struck Caught In
Against
Environment Temperature Visibility Weather

Miscellaneous Slips Trips Falls

 Hierarchy of Hazard Controls

1. Engineering Controls

2. Administrative Controls & Procedures - Remove or reduce the

exposure

3. Personal protective equipment (PPE) - Put up a barrier

 ENGINEERING CONTROLS

Engineering controls include the following:

• Elimination/minimization of the hazard
• Substitution of equipment or process to decrease hazard
• Isolation of the hazard with interlocks, machine guards, blast
shields, or other means; and
• Removal or redirection of the hazard such as with local and
exhaust ventilation.
 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

Administrative controls include the following:

• Written operating procedures, work permits, and safe work
practices;
• Exposure time limitations (used most commonly to control
heat stress and ergonomic hazards);
• Monitoring the use of highly hazardous materials;
• Alarms, signs, and warnings;
• Buddy system; and
• Training
 PPE

Personal protective equipment is acceptable as a control method in

the following circumstances:
• When engineering controls are not feasible or do not totally
eliminate the hazard;
• While engineering controls are being developed;
• When safe work practices do not provide sufficient additional
protection; and
• During emergencies when engineering controls may not be
feasible.
 JHA EXERCISE

• We are going to change a tire.

• Based on the steps, please identify the

hazards and controls.