HYDROCARBONS

PRESENTATION BY
-VISHAKHA
XI A
 CLASSIFICATION
Hydrocarbons are of different types. depending upon the types of carbon-carbon
bonds present. They can be classified into three main categories-

hydrocarbons Saturated hydrocarbons

Aromatic Unsaturated
hydrocarbons hydrocarbons
 SATURATED HYDROCARBONS

A Saturated hydrocarbon is a
hydrocarbon in which all the carbon-
carbon bonds are single bonds. A
hydrocarbon is an organic compound
whose only constituents are carbon and
hydrogen. As the name suggests,
saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons
in which all the carbon atoms are bonded
to four other atoms and are ‘saturated’,
implying that no carbon-carbon multiple
bonds exist in these organic compounds.
 UNSATURATED SOLUTION

Unsaturated hydrocarbons are organic

compounds that are entirely made up
of carbon and hydrogen atoms and
consist of a double or a triple bond
between two adjacent carbon
atoms. ... The physical properties of
saturated hydrocarbons and
unsaturated hydrocarbons are quite
similar
 ALKANES
Alkanes are saturated open chain
hydrocarbons containing carbon-carbon single
bonds. They are also known as paraffins
because they have a affinity towards a general
reagent. The alkanes are distinguished from
the other hydrocarbons by the fact that they
are completely saturated with hydrogen. This
means that no additional hydrogen atoms can
be added to these hydrocarbons without
destroying the carbon backbone.
 ALKENES

Alkenes are unsaturated

hydrocarbons containing at least one
double bond. General formula for
alkenes is CnH2n. are also known as
olefins since the first member,
ethyine or ethene was found to form
an oily liquid on reaction with
chlorine.alkenes are more reactive
than alkanes due to the presence of
the double bond.
Alkynes are hydrocarbons which contain
carbon-carbon triple bonds. Their general
formula is CnH2n-2 for molecules with
one triple bond (and no rings). ...
Straight-chain and branched alkynes are
named by using the stem that indicates
the number of carbon atoms to which is
added the suffix -yne.poisonous alkynes
and medical alkynes are examples for
alkynes. other name of alkynes is
acetylenes
 AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS

Aromatic hydrocarbons, or arenes, are

aromatic organic compounds
containing solely carbon and hydrogen
atoms. The configuration of six carbon
atoms in aromatic compounds is called
a "benzene ring", after the simple
aromatic compound benzene, or a
phenyl group when part of a larger
compound.
Thank you!