NAME OF PARTICIPANTS:- SUHANI SHARma

AARADHYA RASSAY
ANIDHYA TIWARI
divesh chaudhari

Guided by :-- mr. shailendra patidar

TOPIC :-

Photocatalytic

degradation of
 INTRODUCTION
• British poet W. H. Auden once noted, “Thousands have lived without love, not
one without water.” Yet while we all know water is crucial for life, we trash it
anyway. Some 80 percent of the world’s wastewater is dumped—largely
untreated—back into the environment, polluting rivers, lakes, and oceans.
• This widespread problem of water pollution is jeopardizing our health. Unsafe
water kills more people each year than war and all other forms of violence
combined. Meanwhile, our drinkable water sources are finite; Less than 1% of
the earth’s freshwater is actually accessible to us. Without action, the
challenges will only increase by 2050, when global demand for freshwater is
expected to be one-third greater than it is now.
• Water is the essential and basic needs of human being and aquatic lives Dye
Industries produces more than 1,00,000 synthetic dyes with an annual production
of over 7×105 tonnes/year. Various industries used wide varieties of dye in order
to dyeing their product. 10-15% of the dye is lost to waste streams as pollutants
during dying process in the textile and paper industry. These dyes are very
carcinogenic, harmful and potential pollutants. Therefore, proper treatment of
effluent containing various dyes is extremely necessary.
 WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION?

ON HUMAN HEALTH :-

• Water pollution kills. In fact, it caused 1.8 million deaths in 2015, according to a study
published . Contaminated water can also make you ill. Every year, unsafe water sickens
about 1 billion people. And low-income communities are disproportionately at risk
because their homes are often closest to the most polluting industries.  Even in wealthy
nations, accidental or illegal releases from sewage treatment facilities, as well as runoff
from farms and urban areas, contribute harmful pathogens to waterways.
 ON THE ENVIRONMENT

• When water pollution causes an algal bloom in a lake or marine environment, the
proliferation of newly introduced nutrients stimulates plant and algae growth, which in
turn reduces oxygen levels in the water. This dearth of oxygen, known as eutrophication
, suffocates plants and animals and can create “dead zones,” where waters are
essentially devoid of life Chemicals and heavy metals from industrial and municipal
wastewater contaminate waterways as well. These contaminants are toxic to aquatic life
—most often reducing an organism’s life span and ability to reproduce—and make their
way up the food chain as predator eats prey
Pithampur is a town in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Pithampur is an
industrial city, and has close proximity to Indore. Hence we visited to various industries
of pithampur, collected water samples and treated in our chemistry lab. Degradation of
discharged dyes in the polluted water samples was successfully investigated by
heterogeneous photocatalysis which is an environmental friendly and green technique.
Photocatalysts Bi2O3 have been used to treatment of water samples.
 After your survey we conclude that 80% of water pollution is generated from
textile industries
 Textile dyes are hazardous and carcinogenic as well as potential pollutants,
Dye Industries produces more than 1,00,000 synthetic dyes with an annual
production of over 7×105 tonnes/year.
10-15% of the dye is lost to waste streams as pollutants during dying process
in the textile and paper industry
SO DO WE HAVE ANY SOLUTION FOR IT ?
 YESSSS!!!!!
It is photolytic degredation of water by
catalyst Bi2O3
WHAT IS PHOTOLYTIC DEGREDATION
• Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an important advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)
which are the most widely used approach that is employed for dye and pesticide
degradation studies. Semiconductor metal oxides, typically TiO2, BiOCl, BaCrO4, ZnO,
SnO, NiO, Cu2O, Fe3O4, and also CdS have been utilized as photocatalyst for their
nontoxic nature, high photosensitivity, wide band gap and high stability. Most of the
catalysts are effective in UV light which is cause of cancer hence we have synthesized
visible light responsive Bismuth oxide catalyst by extract of Azadirachta indica (NEEM)
through green chemical method
• In this study, we have selected Malachite green (MG) which is water soluble cationic dye
that appears as green crystalline powder and belongs to triphenylmethane category.
Photocatalytic efficiency of Bismuth Oxide catalyst was studied by effect of various
parameters such as UV analysis of Malachite green, oxidants, catalyst loading and dye
concentration on the rate of degradation of Malachite green. Total degradation of
Malachite green was achieved by determination of COD and UV analysis of treated
sample of dye. Overall degradation of Malachite green was achieved in 90 minutes.
 RAY DIGRAM :-
Degradation of pesticides and dyes by Green synthesized nano particles

Added to pesticides and dyes solution

Kept it Under LEDs light /Catalytic Assembly

Degradation Products H2O and CO2 and other minerals

 INVESTIGATION :-
• Degradation of discharged dyes in the polluted water samples was successfully
investigated by heterogeneous photocatalysis which is an environmental friendly and
green technique. Photocatalysts such as ZnO, TiO2, BiOCl and BaCrO4 etc. have been
used to treatment of water samples. Photocatalysis of dye was done by Bismuth Oxide in
the presence of LEDs irradiations as source of visible light, since it is economically
viable, cost effective and ecofriendly as compared to convectional sources of light.
mechanism
 PROBLEM FACED BY PLANT HEAD :-
• In our visit to different ETP plants the plant head faced the following problems :-
• There was an inconsistency in the treated water .
• Most of the factories do not even have ETP plant for treatment of polluted water .
• The cost of ETP plant was very high around 7 lakh to 8 lakh .
• The plant also requires maintenance which cost them around RS. 5000 per month .
• The treated water was also either acidic or basic which was poured in garden for reuse .
• The time taken for this complete process is around 48 -72 hrs
 ADVANTAGES OF OUR MODEL :--
• As explained our project will just require a metal catalyst which will give 100% result without any
inconsistency .
• The plant will just require sunlight ,container (as per requirement),catalyst and any source for its
agitation .
• In absence of sunlight any artifical source of light (high intensity ) can also be used .
• The cost of our plant will be just around Rs.1 lakh
• It also does not require any type of maintenance and have negligiable maintenance cost .
• the treated water will have normal Ph around 7 so that it is safe to use for various purpose .
• The time taken for this complete process is around 24 -30 hrs.
 PLANT IMPLEMENTATION
• Can also be implemented on large scale and is implemented in various countries like United States ,
Brazil and Russia.
• The cost of these plant in there countries is USD
• Our model can also be implemented in India as the process requires addition of catalyst in polluted
water after sedimentation .
• The cost of our plant will be around Rs 1lakh .
• The plant will only require sunlight , a big container and the catalyst .
• The capacity of the container can vary as per the amount of waste water generated in plant .
• The amount of catalyst require for treatment of 10000 litre of waste water is just 100 grams
 CONCLUSION
• We concluded that heterogeneous photocatalysis is eco-friendly, cost effective
technique and waste water treated effectively from this method.
• It hardly doesn’t have any external requirment and can be done by natural resources .
• The result obtained by this method is much better than the processes currently in use .