Geographical Information System (GIS)

in Water Resources Engineering

I. Introduction
The world’s population increase decade to decade in billion and By the
use of irrigation the world food demand cover a number of percent To
meet future demands for food with an increasingly scarcity of water
supply, it is a must to manage our water resources better
effective planning & management can only be obtained on the basis of
reliable information on spatial & temporal patterns of farmers’ water
demand on framing irrigation practices & on physical & operational
features of large scale irrigation systems, is the cry of the day
Now days GIS & related technologies are increasingly being recognized
as useful tools for studying natural resources, inventory studies &
management because of their capability to bring together
geographically referenced data from a variety of subject matters to
aid in processing interpretation & analysis of such data.
 Benefits of GIS over other Information Systems
 Analysis of spatial data in a complex environment
 Ability to integrate different databases into one environment
 Improved communication
 Performs complex spatial analysis
 Managing information & results geographically.
II. Material & Methodology : GIS techniques & technology
 use digital information. The most common method of data creation
is digitization
 where a hard copy of the map or survey plan is transferred into a
digital medium through the use of a CAD program & geo-referencing
capabilities.
Relating information from different sources
GIS uses spatio-temporal (space-time) location as the key index
variable for all other information
 GIS uncertainties
Data representation
Data capture
Raster-to-vector translation
Projections coordinate systems & registration
GIS in Irrigation Management
GIS based irrigation water demand estimation
GISAREG in irrigation simulation
GIS for predicting the future irrigation demand growth
GIS for groundwater assessment in large irrigation projects
GIS model in estimating the regionally distributed drought
water demand
GIS-integrated irrigation water management in Apulia,Italy
* Methodology implemented in this work
Data collection
soil data as texture, water holding capacity,
infiltration rate, bulk density, etc. must be collected
Analysis
Results & Tables
Conclusion