LESSON 1: TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND

OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED
At the end of the lesson, you will be able
to:

■ Identify the names of

components and its means of
measurement;
PRE-TEST
TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND
OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED
1. MEMORY - Memory is the working storage space of the
computer which holds data, processing instructions, and
processed data (information). There are two types of memory
and they are:

RAM & ROM

 RAM
A. Random Access Memory (RAM) - -is the computer's portion that
temporarily stores the computer's running instructions and the
data it handles. RAM data is volatile. If the power of the machine
is switch off, all data will be erased and become lost. The RAM
can carry millions of bytes of data, so the capacity is calculated
based on Megabytes (MB) 1,000,000 or 1 million bytes and
Gigabytes (GB) 1,000,000,000 or 1 billion bytes.
 ROM
B. Read Only Memory (ROM) - Is a type of non-volatile memory
used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in
ROM cannot be electronically changed after the manufacture of
the memory device.
 RAM v ROM

RAM – TEMPORARY
ROM –
PERMANENT
TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND
OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED
2. Data Storage Capacity - refers to how much disk space one or
more storage devices provides. It measures the capacity of data
on a computer system. The storage capacity is measured in
Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes (GB) and terabytes
(TB). For example, a computer with a 500GB hard drive has a
storage capacity of 500gigabites or 5 billion bytes.
TYPES OF DATA STORAGE DEVICE
1. Magnetic storage media and devices - stores data in a form
of tiny magnetized dots.

Kinds of magnetic storage media and devices:

a. Hard drive
b. Portable hard drive
c. Magnetic tape
d. Floppy disk
KINDS OF MAGNETIC STORAGE
DEVICES
A. HARD DRIVE - have a relatively high storage capacity
(up to 1 TB). They can be used for storing large
quantities of data
KINDS OF MAGNETIC STORAGE
DEVICES
B. PORTABLE HARD DRIVE - Also known as external hard
drive, is one that is mount in a small case along with some
electronics that allows the hard-drive to be accessed using a USB
link or similar connection. Portable hard-drives make it possible
to transfer large volumes of data from computer to another
computer.
KINDS OF MAGNETIC STORAGE
DEVICES
C. MAGNETIC TAPE - is a medium for magnetic
recording, made of a thin, magnetizable coating on a
long, narrow strip of plastic film.
KINDS OF MAGNETIC STORAGE
DEVICES
D. FLOPPY DISK - is a detachable, portable, inexpensive,
low-capacity (1.44 MB) storage medium
TYPES OF DATA STORAGE DEVICE

2. Optical storage device - is a kind of computer disk drive

that reads and writes data from optical disks
KINDS OF OPTICAL STORAGE
DEVICES
A. CD OR COMPACT DISC - discs can hold around
800MB of data
KINDS OF OPTICAL STORAGE
DEVICES
B. DVD OR DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC - ) discs can
hold around 4.7GB of data.
KINDS OF OPTICAL STORAGE
DEVICES
C. HD-DVD OR HIGH DENSITY DVD - can hold
around 15 GB of data
KINDS OF OPTICAL STORAGE
DEVICES
D. BLU-RAY DISCS - is a high capacity optical disks that
can hold data from 25-50 GB.
TYPES OF DATA STORAGE DEVICE

3. SOLID STATE - Is a storage device that has no moving parts

no reels of tape, no spinning discs, and no laser beams. Solid-
state storage devices store data using a special memory type
known as flash memory.
KINDS OF SOLID STATES
A. Memory sticks or 'thumb-drives or flash drives -
Each of these small devices has flash memory attached to a USB
interface.
KINDS OF SOLID STATES
B. Memory card- is a kind of storage device that is used
for storing media and data files. It is commonly used in
small, portable devices, such as cameras and phones.
KINDS OF SOLID STATES
C. Smart card - is a plastic, credit-card size card with one or
more embedded computer chip.
TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND
OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED
3. PROCESSOR - is also called the CPU or central processing
unit which is considered as the computer's 'brain. CPU’s speed is
measured in Hertz.
TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND
OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED
4. Video card - is also called as graphics cards, video adapters,
display cards, graphic adapters and graphic accelerators. It is a
computer component that is used to enhance the quality of images
showed on a display.
TYPES OF COMPONENTS AND
OBJECTS TO BE MEASURED
4. Video card - The card’s performance is measured in its frame
rate which is calculated in frames per second (FPS). The frame
rate shows how many complete frames/images the card can
display per second. The human eye can process about 25 frames
every second, but fast-action games require a frame rate of at
least 60 FPS to provide smooth animation and scrolling.
 Activity!
Answer the following in your notebook:
 Activity!
Answer the following in your notebook: