GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

Presented by:
Niema LHASSANI
Rihab ZIRAN
 GERUNDS
• Gerund is the –ing form of a verb used as a noun.
• To form gerunds, use

The base form + ing

Example : I enjoy learning English.
• To form negative gerunds , use
Not+gerund

Example : Not speaking English well is my biggest

problem in this country.
Gerunds used as subject of the sentence.
Example : Dancing is fun.
Gerunds used as objects.
Example : He enjoys working with children.
Gerund used as object of the preposition.
Example : I am thinking about taking the
children to Mexico.
When To Use Gerunds ?
• Gerunds can be used after certain verbs including:
enjoy,fancy,discuss,dislike,finish,mind,suggest,recommend,
keep,and avoid.
1. After preposition of place and time.
I made dinner before getting home.
He looked unhappy after seeing his work schedule.
2. To replace the subject or object of a sentence.
Sara likes eating couscous
Jumping off a cliff is dangerous.
Some expressions are used with
gerunds

Be busy ,can't help ,have fun , it is no use, it is

not worth.
Gerunds often follow verbs that indicate that an
action is happening or has happened.
• The action expressed by the verb comes at the
same time or after the action expressed by the
gerund .
eg: We enjoy going to concerts.
 Whenever there are two verbs together, the second verb must be in
either the gerund form or the infinitive form.However, some verbs have
a different meaning depending on whether they are followed by an -ing
form or to+infinitive.

For example : VERB ‘’ STOP ‘’

Stop+ing means the action is not happening anymore.
I have stopped buying the news paper because now I read
the news online.
Stop +to+infinitive means that someone or something stops an
activity so that they can do something else.
He stopped the video to ask the students some questions.
WHAT IS INFINITIVE ?
• There are two types of infinitive :

1. Infinitive with to :
We form infinitive with to simply putting to + a verb, for
example : to dance, to study…

2. Bare infinitive :
Which is infinitive without to, for example : study, eat,
sleep…
WHEN TO USE INFINITIVE WITH TO ?
 1. Infinitive with to :
1.1 – Verbs used before the infinitive with to :
Manage Decide Expect
Learn Want Ask
Prepare Attempt Hope
Pretend Agree Offer
Promise Afford Plan
Forget Neglect Refuse

E.G : I want to go to work.

1.2 – Adjectives used before the infinitive with to :
happy, good, bad, difficult, easy, nice, important, possible, dangerous…

E.G : It is nice to meet you.

1.3 – Expressions used before the infinitive with to :

• Would like
• Would love
E.G : I would love to read that book.
WHEN TO USE INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO ?
2. Infinitive without to :

2.1 – Modals used before the infinitive without to :

Can, may, must, would, could, should, might.

E.G : I can revise my lessons.

2.2– Verbs used before the infinitive without to :

Let , recommend, would rather, used to.

E.G : I used to be fat.

3. Verbs used with Gerund and Infinitive :

Begin, start, like, love, prefer, hate, continue.

E.G : I like watching TV / I like to watch TV.

I begin to understand this lesson / I begin understanding this lesson.
Exercise:
•  I don't fancy ………..(go) out tonight.
•  She avoided …………(tell) him about her plans.
•  I would like ………….(come) to the party with you.
• He enjoys ………..(have) a bath in the evening.
•  She kept …………..(talk) during the film.
•  I am learning …………(speak) English.
•  Do you mind …………..(give) me a hand?
• She helped me ………….(carry) my suitcases
•  I've finished ………….(cook) - come and eat!
•  He decided …………(study) biology.
• I dislike ……………(wait).
•  He asked ………….(come) with us.
•  I promise …………(help) you tomorrow.
• I don't fancy going out tonight.
•  She avoided telling him about her plans.
•  I would like to come to the party with you.
• He enjoys having a bath in the evening.
•  She kept talking during the film.
•  I am learning to speak English.
•  Do you mind giving me a hand?
• She helped me to carry my suitcases
•  I've finished cooking come and eat!
•  He decided to study biology.
• I dislike waiting.
•  He asked to come with us.
•  I promise to help you tomorrow.
Thank you for your attention