CCNA

Learning About
Other Devices

Ali Mohammad Masoomi

ICT Department
ATVI
 CDP

• Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is a Layer 2 protocol

that is used to discover and show information about
directly connected devices such as
 the types of devices connected
 the router interfaces they are connected to

 the interfaces used to make the connections

 the model numbers of the devices

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 2

 Information obtained with CDP

• CDP Version 2 (CDPv2) is the most recent release of the protocol.

Cisco IOS (Release 12.0(3)T or later) supports CDPv2.
• CDP Version 1 (CDPv1) is enabled by default with Cisco IOS (Release
10.3 to 12.0(3)T).

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 3

 Implementation, monitoring, and
maintenance of CDP

This router’s interface Remote router’s interface

Show cdp neighbors detail command show detailed information

about neighbors

Ali Mohammad Masoomi

 Enabling and Disabling CDP

• The cdp run command is used to enable CDP globally on the

router.
• By default, CDP is globally enabled.
• The cdp enable command is used to enable CDP on a
particular interface.
• On Cisco IOS Release 10.3 or higher, CDP is enabled by
default on all supported interfaces to send and receive CDP
information.
• CDP could be enabled on each of the device interface by using
the cdp enable command.
• To negate above command just use no before the command.
Ali Mohammad Masoomi 5
Enabling and Disabling
CDP

Disables CDP globally

Enables CDP globally

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 6

Enabling and Disabling
CDP

Disables CDP on fa0/0

interface

Enables CDP on ser3/0

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 7

Implementation, monitoring, and
maintenance of CDP

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 8

Implementation, monitoring, and
maintenance of CDP

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 9

Implementation, monitoring, and
maintenance of CDP

Ali Mohammad Masoomi

Implementation, monitoring, and
maintenance of CDP

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 11

 Getting Information about Remote
Devices

• CDP is used to get information about neighbor devices.

• To get information about remote devices we may need
telnet.

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 12

 Telnet

• Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that is part of the

TCP/IP protocol suite.
• It allows connections to be made to remote hosts.
• We can login to remote hosts through telnet.

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 13

 Establishing and verifying a Telnet
connection
Initiate a session:
R1> telnet Kabul

Exit a session:
Kabul> exit

• To initiate a Telnet session any of the following

alternatives can be used:
R1> connect kabul
R1> kabul
R1> 131.108.100.152
R1> telnet kabul
• A hostname table or access to DNS for Telnet must be
present for a name to work.
• Otherwise, the IP address of the remote router must be
entered.
Ali Mohammad Masoomi 14
 Establishing and verifying a Telnet
connection

RouterA#telnet routerb Not case sensitive

Trying RouterB (10.1.1.1)... Open

User Access Verification

Password:
RouterB>

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 15

 Telnet password – line vty
RouterA> telnet 10.1.1.1
Trying 10.1.1.1 ...

[Connection to 10.1.1.1 closed by foreign host]

RouterA>
RouterB(config)#line vty 0 4
Configure vty password RouterB(config-line)#login
on RouterB RouterB(config-line)#password cisco
RouterA> telnet 10.1.1.1
Trying 10.1.1.1 ...

User Access Verification

Password: cisco
Telnet works! Enter vty password
RouterB>
RouterB> exit
Exit closes (ends) telnet session
[Connection to 10.1.1.1 closed by foreign host]
RouterA>

Note: You must have the vty password set on the remote routers.
Ali Mohammad Masoomi 16
 Telnet and the privilege password
RouterA>telnet 10.1.1.1
Trying 10.1.1.1 ... Open

User Access Verification

Password: cisco
RouterB> enable Cannot enter privilege mode because there is no privilege
% No password set password (enable secret). Can only enter this mode from
RouterB> the console until the password is created.

Configure privileged RouterB(config)#enable secret atvi

password on RouterB

RouterA> telnet 10.1.1.1

Trying 10.1.1.1 ... Open

User Access Verification

• If there is no privilege
Password: cisco password on the remote
RouterB> enable
Password: atvi
router, you cannot enter
RouterB# exit privilege mode!
[Connection to 10.1.1.1 closed by foreign host]
RouterA>
Ali Mohammad Masoomi 17
 Starting, Disconnecting and
suspending Telnet sessions

Start a session
R1> telnet kabul

End a session
kabul> exit

Suspend a session
kabul> <Ctrl+shift+6> then press X
R1>
Resuming a session
R1> <Press Enter>

Disconnect a session
R1> disconnect kabul

Display sessions
R1> show sessions
Conn Host Address Idle Conn Name
1 Kabul 131.108.100.152 0 Kabul
2 zabul 10.10.100.14 0 zabul

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 18

 Disconnecting and suspending
Telnet sessions

• To resume a Telnet session that has been suspended, just press Enter.
• By pressing Enter key the last suspended session will be resumed.
• To resume a specific session, use its ID (conn ID or Conn Name) with
resume command.
• The command show sessions will show what Telnet sessions are taking
place.
R1> show sessions
Conn Host Address Idle Conn Name
1 Kabul 131.108.100.152 0 Kabul
2 zabul 10.10.100.14 0 zabul

R1> resume 1
Kabul>

R1> resume zabul

ZabulRouter>

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 19

 Disconnecting and suspending
Telnet sessions

• To exit an active session use exit command

• To disconnect a suspended session use disconnect command followed by
the connection ID or connection name.

R1> connect 131.108.100.152

Kabul> exit

R1> show sessions

Conn Host Address Idle Conn Name
1 herat 11.34.2.100 0 herat
2 kandahar 10.10.100.14 0 kandahar
3 bamian 120.10.1.130 0 bamian

To disconnect bamian
R1> disconnect 3 or disconnect bamian

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 20

 Alternative connectivity tests

Ping:
• Packet Internet Groper (Ping) uses ICMP echo request and reply messages to
check the physical and logical connectivity of machines on an internetwork.
• The ping target 172.16.1.5 in Figure responded successfully to all five
datagrams sent.
• The exclamation points (!) indicate each successful echo.
• If one or more periods (.) are received instead of exclamations on the display,
the application on the router (or source device) timed out waiting for a given
packet echo from the ping target.

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 21

 Alternative connectivity tests

Ping

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 22

 Alternative connectivity tests

Traceroute :
• Traceroute is used to discover the path a packet takes as it traverses
an internetwork.
• The traceroute command is the ideal tool for finding where data is
being sent in a network.
• If one of these routers is unreachable, three asterisks (*) will be
returned instead of the name of the router.
• The traceroute command will continue attempting to reach the next

step until the Ctrl-Shift-6 escape sequence is used .

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 23

 Alternative connectivity tests

Traceroute :

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 24

 Troubleshooting IP addressing issues

• ping uses the ICMP protocol to verify the hardware

connection and the IP address of the network layer.
This is a basic testing mechanism.
• telnet verifies the application layer software between
source and destination. This is the most complete test
mechanism available.
• traceroute allows the location of failures in the path
from the source to the destination. Trace uses Time to
Live values to generate messages from each router
along the path.

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 25

Troubleshooting IP addressing issues

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 26

 Summary

• Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is layer 2 protocol that connects lower

physical media and upper network layer protocol.
• CDP is used to obtain information about neighboring devices.
• Telnet can be used to remotely login from one device to the other in
the internetwork.
• Telnet can be used to perform a test to determine whether or not
access can be obtained from a remote router.
• The result of the ping command can help evaluate the path-to-host
reliability, delays over the path, and whether the host can be reached
or is functioning.
• The traceroute command is the ideal tool for finding where data is
being sent in a network.

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 27

 k s
a n
T h

Ali Mohammad Masoomi 28