How the Web Changes Education:

Web-Based Learning

Introduction to Web Science Session 4

Stefanie Panke
Session 1: Reflecting the
Past
Homework: Summarize Session 5: Web Futures:
Web Science Conference Student Presentations
Paper Session 3: Web Science Homework: Final Paper
Research Skills

Finish

Session 2: Session 4: How the Web

Understanding the Changes Society:
Present (Social Media) Education
Homework: One-paragraph Homework: Final
topic idea Presentation

NEXT STEPS: Presentation & Paper

 Overview

4. Open Educational Practices - MOOCs,

1. E-Learning: Definition & Data
Products, Services, Professions Microcredentials

2. Educational Technology Leadership

5. Trend Reports
Strategic Organizational Development

3. Instructional Design - Multimedia

Principles 6. Technology Futures: Forecasting
Exercise
Individual Perspective: Cognitive Science
 E-Learning Definitions & Data

Asia-Pacific is
North America is
expected to be the Learning anytime,
the largest market
fastest growing anywhere
for e-learning
market

Estimated global market size Facilitated by digital tools,

for e-learning: Combines text, audio, video,
$325 billion by 2025 and graphics
 Educational Technologies
Learning Management Systems
For example: Moodle, Canvas, Blackboard, Brightspace,

Content Management Systems

For example: WordPress, Drupal, Zope/Plone, Typo3

Video Streaming Services

For example: Panopto

Student Information System (SIS)

Quiz/ Assessment / Questionnaires / Evaluation

Qualtrics, H5P, Learnosity, Slido

Authoring Tools for SCORM Learning Objects

For example: Adobe Captivate, Dominknow
 Educational Technologies
New tools constantly emerge

Community Tools Micro-Credentials

Flipgrid, Padlet, VoiceThread
Badgr Credly

Micro-Authoring Virtual Worlds

Genial.ly, thinglink Augmented Reality, VR

Mobile Learning Social Media / Social Networks

Podcast, mobile Apps, e.g. Citizen Science Social media platforms, learning communities
What other educational technologies
can you think of that are important
in online learning?
How innovative is the Web Science
program when it comes to learning
technologies?
 Overview

4. Open Educational Practices - MOOCs,

1. E-Learning: Definition & Data
Products, Services, Professions Microcredentials

2. Educational Technology Leadership

5. Trend Reports
Strategic Organizational Development

3. Instructional Design - Multimedia

Principles 6. Technology Futures: Forecasting
Exercise
Individual Perspective: Cognitive Science
 Educational Technology: Leadership
Strategies

CULTIVATE MEASURE INNOVATE EVALUATE

Cultivate: Excellence by, with & for People

Organizational
Individuals Leadership
Units
 Measure: Stakeholder
Stakeholder Mapping Map

1 2 3
https://www.aace.org/review/kickstarting-sustainability-with-design-thinking-an-interview-with-john-storm/
Innovate Deliberately: Understanding Technology

Outcomes
• Content
• Credentials
• Community
Evaluate critically: Failure as an option

If things do not Experience is the

fail, you are not name everyone
innovating gives to their
enough. mistakes.

Elon Musk Oscar Wilde

 Overview

4. Open Educational Practices - MOOCs,

1. E-Learning: Definition & Data
Products, Services, Professions Microcredentials

2. Educational Technology Leadership

5. Trend Reports
Strategic Organizational Development

3. Instructional Design - Multimedia

Principles 6. Technology Futures: Forecasting
Exercise
Individual Perspective: Cognitive Science
 How does learning work?
• Neurological – What happens in the
brain?
• Cognitive – What happens in the
mind?
• Metacognitive – How does the mind
monitor what happens in the mind?
• Social –What happens in the
environment?
 How does learning work?
• Neurological – What happens in the
brain?
• Cognitive – What happens in the
mind?
• Metacognitive – How does the mind
monitor what happens in the mind?
• Social –What happens in the
environment?
 How does learning work?
• Neurological – What happens in the
brain?
• Cognitive – What happens in the
mind?
• Metacognitive – How does the mind
monitor what happens in the mind?
• Social –What happens in the
environment?
 How does learning work?
• Neurological – What happens in the
brain?
• Cognitive – What happens in the
mind?
• Metacognitive – How does the mind
monitor what happens in the mind?
• Social –What happens in the
environment?
 How does learning work?
• Neurological – What happens in the
brain?
• Cognitive – What happens in the
mind?
• Metacognitive – How does the mind
monitor what happens in the mind?
• Social –What happens in the
environment?
How the mind works
How the mind works
How the mind works
 How the mind works

4 ±1
How the mind works
How the mind works
How the mind changes
How the mind changes
 How adults approach learning
Learning
Strategies Selectivity Knowledge

Metacognition
 Visit Web
Recording for
More on
Multimedia
Learning
Principles and
Cognition

https://tarheels.live/webscience/home/session-4/
 Overview

4. Open Educational Practices - MOOCs,

1. E-Learning: Definition & Data
Products, Services, Professions Microcredentials

2. Educational Technology Leadership

5. Trend Reports
Strategic Organizational Development

3. Instructional Design - Multimedia

Principles 6. Technology Futures: Forecasting
Exercise
Individual Perspective: Cognitive Science
 Open Educational Resources (OER)

• term was coined in 2002 during a forum held by the UNESCO.

UNESCO
• open materials that are in the public domain or introduced with an
open license, which means that anyone can legally and freely copy,
use, adapt and re-share them.
• OERs range from textbooks to curricula, syllabi, lecture notes,
assignments, tests, projects, audio, video and animation.
Creative Commons Licenses
Creative Commons (CC) Licenses give universal permission for certain types of
use of a copyright protected work.
CC licenses can only be applied by the rights holder of the work, or with explicit
permission from the rights holder.
CC licenses cannot be revoked.

Creative Commons for Cultural Heritage

CC BY-SA
Creative Commons: three layers
CC licenses are built up of three layers:

• the deed (human readable summary).

• the legal code (complete license in a legal language).
• the data (the machine-readable layer for search engines).

Creative Commons for Cultural Heritage

CC BY-SA
Elements
There are 4 main elements of the Creative Commons licenses which can be combined
to form 6 different licenses (BY, BY-SA, BY-NC, BY-ND, BY-NC-SA, BY-NC-ND):

BY Attribution Give attribution to the author and link to license

SA ShareAlike Derivative works need to be made available under same license

NC NonCommercial Re-use is only permitted for non-commercial purposes

ND NoDerivatives The work must not be modified

Creative Commons for Cultural Heritage

CC BY-SA
Creative Commons

Full copyright: Public Domain:

Creative Commons Licenses:
all rights no rights
some rights reserved
reserved reserved

Creative Commons for Cultural Heritage

CC BY-SA
 OER Sources Handout

https://panke.web.unc.edu/oer/
 A closer look at MOOCs

2008 MOOC as a pedagogy – Downes, Siemens 2011 Stanford University’s three inaugural MOOCs on
databases, artificial intelligence, machine learning
 PLENK 2010

https://etcjournal.com/2008/10/01/stefanie-panke/
 Student retention in MOOCs
By a conventional
understanding . . .

MISERABL
E
− But what’s the
denominator?
− Isn’t 7,157 still
pretty impressive? Source: edX spring 2013

See DeBoer, J., Ho, A. D., Stump, G. S., & Breslow, L. (2014). Changing “course”: Reconceptualizing educational variables for massive open online courses. Educational
Researcher, 43(2), 74-84; and Koller, D., Ng, A., Do, C., & Chen, Z. (2013). Retention and intention in massive open online courses: In depth. Educause Review, 48(3), 62-
63.
 MOOCs: Learning in an Open World

https://imoox.at/mooc/

https://uncch.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=3d95f825-c415-4e74-a1b5-af4f00ee4
Lanier & Weyl, 2018
255
 OEP as including open pedagogy
Related Terms

Open Educational Includes “the creation, use, and

Practices reuse of open educational
resources (OER) as well as
open pedagogies and open
sharing of teaching practices.”
Open
Pedagogy
-- Cronin (2017), p. 16

http://blogs.ubc.ca/chendricks
 Open Pedagogy: Removing barriers (Hendricks, 2017)

• Remove barriers that block visibility: transparency

• Promoting creativity, multiple approaches & pathways to learning
• Increase education & content access
• Promote student choice: autonomy
• Connect people, places & times
– between students and teachers: shared authority
– connecting to wider networks, contributing to public knowledge

http://blogs.ubc.ca/chendricks
“Non-Disposable” Assignments
David Wiley on disposable assignments
(2013):

“… assignments that add no value to the

world – after a student spends three hours
creating it, a teacher spends 30 minutes
grading it, and then the student throws it
away.”

https://opencontent.org/blog/archives/2975
PressBooks
Open Textbook
• Learners can adapt existing
textbooks or write their own.
• Example: Strong Schools
Wikimedian in
Residance
• Example: Edinburgh University
(Melissa Highton)
• Serves as liaison
• Available to anyone interesting in
benefitting from and contributing to
Wikipedia
• Organizes events such as
editathons
Microcredentialing
• Educational institutions offer
credentials, content, community.
• The credentials we provide affect
the kind of teaching and learning
strategies we use.
• Badges offer an opportunity to
emphasize community-oriented
outcomes.
• They allow for more individualized
pathways and outcomes.
Visit Web Recording
for More on
Microcredentials

https://tarheels.live/webscience/home/session-4/
 Overview

4. Open Educational Practices - MOOCs,

1. E-Learning: Definition & Data
Products, Services, Professions Microcredentials

2. Educational Technology Leadership

5. Trend Reports
Strategic Organizational Development

3. Instructional Design - Multimedia

Principles 6. Technology Futures: Forecasting
Exercise
Individual Perspective: Cognitive Science
 Trend Reports in Educational Technology

https://library.educause.edu/search#?page https://iet.open.ac.uk/innovating-pedagogy/repor
=1&publicationandcollection_search=Horiz t-archive
on%20Report&sortBy=publicationdate_sea
rch&sortOrder=asc
 CORE (2007-2020)

https://core-ed.org/en_NZ/free-resources/ten-trends/#e3098
 Digital Learning
Innovation Trends
(2020)

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED603277.pdf
 Over to you
• Pick a trend report (either Horizon 2022 or Innovating Pedagogy
2022) and answer two questions:
– What is a trend Web Science Online Program should take into account?
– What is a trend that is meaningful in your work?
 Using Trend Reports:
Playful Instructional Design

Learning can be playful,

wonderful, a way of
understanding and making
sense of the world.
Ferguson et al., 2019
Lego Serious
Play
Participants were instantly engaged
and interacted quite literally at eye
level: Everyone was sitting on the
floor, scouring for bricks, and
curious to see the work of others.
Love-Letter -
Break-up Letter
• Allows participants to balance
different perspectives in a
personal way (Molinari &
Gasparini 2019).
• Participants were randomly
assigned in two groups
• Prompt: Write a love letter or a
breakup note to the university or
program.
Design Thinking
– Rapid
Prototyping
• Dyadic design teams
• One partner shared a learning
problem or teaching challenge,
the other designed a solution.
• Faculty walked away with
concrete ideas for changing
classroom practices.
 Overview

4. Open Educational Practices - MOOCs,

1. E-Learning: Definition & Data
Products, Services, Professions Microcredentials

2. Educational Technology Leadership

5. Trend Reports
Strategic Organizational Development

3. Instructional Design - Multimedia

Principles 6. Technology Futures: Forecasting
Exercise
Individual Perspective: Cognitive Science
 Outlook: Future Studies
Make your prediction about the role of the Internet in people’s lives in
2035 and the impact it will have on social, economic, and political
processes. Good and/or bad, what do you expect to be the most
significant overall impacts of our uses of the Internet on humanity
between now and 2035? 
Self-Determined Technology Futures

• “Digital transformation is remaking the

human world, but few are satisfied with
how that’s been going”.

• “The influence of the internet on all

aspects of human experience is so great
that we must demand data dignity if we
are to retain any dignity at all”.
Lanier & Weyl, 2018
 Supporting Data Literacy and Service Learning

Lanier & Weyl, 2018

https://public.tableau.com/app/profile/school.of.government
 Using AI to support, not replace communication

Lanier & Weyl, 2018

https://www.aace.org/review/book-review-made-by-humans-the-ai-condition/
Chat GPT: https://chat.openai.com/ 
Approach with Creativity and Caution: ChatGBT as
Writing Tool

There is no
credible evidence
that learning styles
exist or that
catering to student
preferences
improves
outcomes.