Erythropoiesis

By Abdul Haseeb Lawoon

ERYTHROCYTES.
They are the most abundant cells of human body (nearly 25 trillion cells)

Biconcave Disc shape with diameter of 7-8 micrometer, thickness of 2-2.5 micrometer at periphery and 1
micrometer at the center.

Have average volume of 90-95 cubic micrometer

Possess flexibility due to membrane proteins i.e Spectrin And Ankyrin.

Mature RBCs lack nucleus & Mitochondria.So, Functional Proteins are

present in cytoplasm.

Average RBCs count in males is 5.2millions/cubic millimeter &

4.7millions/cubic millimeter in females

 ERYTHROPOIESIS.

The Process of Production of Erythrocytes is known as Erthropoiesis.

All Blood Cells start their life from Multipotent Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Bone Marrow.

First Recognizable precursor of Erythropoiesis is Proerythroblast.

The process takes approximately a week (5-7 days)

Erythropoiesis is done under strong influence of erythropoietin. Which is released mainly by

kidney (90%) and also by liver (10%).

Endothelial cells in Peritubular Capillaries of Nephron sense oxygen in blood and release
Erythropoietin accordingly.
ERYTHROPOIESIS
 REGIONS OF PRODUCTION OF
ERYTHROCYTES.
● In early weeks of embryonic life, the RBCs form in the YOLK SAC.
● In the middle trimester, erythropoiesis mainly takes place in LIVER, and some of the
blood is synthesized in SPLEEN & LYMPH NODES.
● In Last month of gestation and after birth the process shifts to BONE MARROW.

EXTRAMEDULLARY ERYTHROPOIESIS.
In chronic conditions, the RBCs formation take place in Liver & Spleen even after
birth, the process is called as Extramedullary Erythropoiesis.
● STEPS OF ERYTHROPOIESIS.
1. Large Nucleus, Clear Nucleolus, Euchromatin & Basophilic Cytoplasm.

20 micrometer

2. Large Nucleus, Some Euchromatin & some Heterochromatin, Basophilic

Cytoplasm due to mRNA & Ribosomes.
17 micrometer

3. Smal Nucleus, Hemoglobin Synthesis Starts, Basophilic Cytoplasm Shrinks.

14 micrometer

4. Nucleus is about to expel, Hemoglobin Content in Cell Increases, Some

Basophilic Cytoplasmic Contents remains.
10 micrometer

5. Nucleus is eaten by macrophages, Hb concentration in cells increases,some

reminents of cell organelles remains.
9 micrometer

6. Mature Cells
7-8 micrometer
MATURATION.

● SIZE MATURATION.

1. Larger to smaller

● NUCLEUS MATURATION.

1. Euchromatin to Heterochromatin.

2. Larger to. Smaller

● CYTOPLASM MATURATION.

3. Ribosomes. To. Hemoglobin

THANK YOU 💖