Summarizing

Key Information
While summarizing seems to be an easy
task for many, a lot of people
still find it a tough task to pull off. This
is because summarizing as a skill
requires
full comprehension of an original
material as well as an application of
essential
 This lesson focuses on how to
summarize a text, how it differs to
related concepts like paraphrasing, and
how to properly write it through a set of
guideposts to be followed.
As part of your learning experiences,
you are expected to summarize key
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1. A summary should have the
same length as the original
text.
2. A good summary is
objective.
3. A summary is just another
term for a paraphrase.
 4. A summary does not
include the central ideas of
the original
material.
 5. A good summary includes
the writer’s personal opinion
about the topic.
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A summary is defined as a brief statement that
presents the most important points of an
original material. It helps you retell a story or
any material using a few statements. This is
why a summary is usually short and easy to
comprehend. A good summary focuses on the
big picture and does not pay so much attention
to minor details. Its main goal is to present the
essential ideas in a written piece.
 It is vital to know that while
summarizing and paraphrasing are two
closely related concepts, they are
actually two different techniques in
writing. Paraphrasing refers to
restating someone else’s work or idea in
your own words at roughly the same
 Summarizing, on the other hand,
involves
putting the main ideas of a certain work
into your own words, including only the
big picture or the main ideas. Both are
techniques used to incorporate sources
or
other writers’ ideas when writing
 When summarizing, it is
important that one knows how
to recognize the main ideas, the
key information and the
supporting details in a given
text.
 How is summarizing different from
paraphrasing?
To the untrained eye, a summary and a
paraphrase may look alike. However, there are
differences.
• A summary is shorter than the original text.
• A paraphrase can be shorter or longer than
the original.
• A summary eliminates details, examples, and
supporting points.
• A paraphrase describes the original text in
 The main idea refers to the central
point that the author is trying to
communicate in his/her work. A
given text can have one or more
central ideas usually found at the
beginning. The details in a particular
text are provided to support the main
 Key information, meanwhile,
refers to important pieces of
evidence, reasons, examples and
explanations that support the main
idea. This include details that
further establish one’s main point.
Since a summary is a shortened
version which presents the gist
of a
specific material, it is
important to consider these
important guidelines when
 1. A summary should be based on the
original piece. While you have to use your
words, it does not mean that you should
analyze and interpret the material using
your own understanding. You can still
make your summary sound like an
independent piece without including
misinterpretations of some sort.
 2. A summary should be kept
short and simple. A good
summary is usually a lot shorter
than the original text. This is
because you only cite the central
ideas that present the original text
 3. Use your own words. When
writing a summary, one should
use his/her own
words to retell the most important
ideas in a given text. Using one’s
own words makes the summary
 4. Know the main ideas or the key
information in what you are
summarizing. When summarizing, it
pays to know which details are
important and which information may
be omitted without altering the
meaning of the source material.
 4. Know the main ideas or the key
information in what you are
summarizing. When summarizing, it
pays to know which details are
important and which information may
be omitted without altering the
meaning of the source material.
 5. Keep the objectivity. When
summarizing a given material, one
must remember to be as objective
as possible. This means that you
should not include your personal
opinion on the ideas in the
 6. A summary must be
comprehensive. This means that as
a writer, you should be able to
identify all the important ideas from
the original material to keep the
meaning complete in the shorter
version that you will be writing.
 6. A summary must be
comprehensive. This means that as
a writer, you should be able to
identify all the important ideas from
the original material to keep the
meaning complete in the shorter
version that you will be writing.
 7. A summary needs to be
concise. Since a summary is
relatively short, you should be
able to avoid repetitions of ideas
when writing. This will keep the
good flow of your summarized
 8. Coherence is a key feature of a
good summary. Even when you pick
out only the main ideas from a text,
your summary still has to be clear
and organized. It should not sound
like a set of disjointed sentences
when read.
 In summarizing key information in a text,
one must apply several skills like scanning
and skimming while processing the original
material. This will help you in identifying
key ideas from supporting details. Note-
taking, as well as the use of graphic
organizers, to maintain a good flow of ideas
may also largely contribute to the summary
Learning Task 4: Read, analyze and summarize the paragraphs
provided below. Do this in your notebook
Text A
It was beginning to get dark. We were still not home yet. I bet Dad
was going to be mad at us, I thought. I yelled at my brother to ride
his bike faster, but it was difficult to ride bikes uphill. I was so
tired that every muscle in my legs was burning. My brother finally
got off his bike and sat down. I stopped and went back to help him.
Suddenly, there was a car coming toward us. I could see
headlights.
It was Dad. He had come to look for us, since we were so late
getting home. I knew I was going to get into trouble, but at least
CLASS SCHEDULE

1st Period - Math

2nd period - English Language Arts
3rd period - Social Studies
LUNCH BREAK
4th period-Science
5th period-Technology Applications
6th period- Silent Reading
Assessment
Assessment
From each set of sentences,
identify the main idea and the
supporting details then arrange
them accordingly to create a good
summary.
1.
- In the distant past, many people thought bats had magical
powers, but timeshave changed.
- Many people believe that bats are rodents that they cannot see
and that they are more likely than other animals to carry rabies.
- All of these beliefs are mistaken. Bats are not rodents, are not
blind, and are no more likely than dogs and cats to transmit
rabies.
_ Bats are among the least understood and least appreciated
animals.
2. _____
- Bats are not rodents with wings, contrary to popular belief.
- Like all rodents, bats are mammals, but they have a skeleton
similar to the human skeleton. The bones in bat wings are much
like those in arms and the human hand, with a thumb and four
fingers.
- In bats, the bones of the arms and the four fingers of the hands
are very long.
- This bone structure helps support the web of skin that
stretches from the body to the ends of the fingers to form wings.
3. _____
- For seventy percent of bats, the diet is
insects.
- Some feed on small animals such as birds,
mice, lizards, and frogs.
- Each type of bat has a specialized diet.
- Other types of bats feed on flowers,
pollen, nectar, and fruit.
4. _____
- Sixty percent of bats do not survive past
infancy.
- Today, the survival of many bat species is
uncertain.
- Most are victims of pesticides and other
human intrusions.
- Some are killed by predators such as owls,
hawks, snakes, and other meateating creatures.
5. _____
- They have unusual physical features.
- Bats often have been burdened with a bad
reputation.
- Perhaps because they are not the warm, cuddly
sort of animal, we love tolove.
- Their value is underestimated, and they are too
harmful.
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