Basic Calculus

ENGR. OSCAR H. HALAMANI, JR.

Integral Calculus

Integration of Trigonometric
Function
 Basic Rules of Integration:
Integration of Trigonometric Function

∫ f(x) dx F(x) + C

∫ tan x dx - ln I cos x I + C ∫ cot x dx

- ln I csc x I + C
∫ csc x dx - ln I csc x + cot x I + C
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
1. ∫ 3 cos x dx
3 ∫ cos x dx
u=x
du = dx
cos u => sin u + C
3 sin x + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
2. ∫ 6 sin 3x dx
6 ∫ sin 3x dx
u = 3x
du = 3 dx
(1/3) 6 ∫ sin 3x (3) dx
sin u => - cos u + C
2 (- cos 3x)
- 2 cos 3x + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
3. ∫ 2 sec 2 (-4x) dx
2 ∫ sec 2 (-4x) dx
u = - 4x
du = - 4 dx
(-1/4) 2 ∫ sec 2 (-4x) (-4) dx
sec 2 u => tan u + C
- 1/2 tan (-4x) + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following functions.
4. ∫ - 10 csc 2 (5x + 1) dx
- 10 ∫ csc 2 (5x + 1) dx
u = 5x + 1
du = 5 dx
(1/5) (- 10) ∫ csc 2 (5x + 1) (5) dx
csc 2 u => - cot u + C
- 2 [- cot (5x + 1) ]
2 cot (5x + 1) + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
5. ∫ 12x sec 3x2 tan 3x2 dx
12 ∫ sec 3x2 tan 3x2 x dx
u = 3x2
du = 6x dx
(1/6) 12 ∫ sec 3x2 tan 3x2 (6) x dx
sec u tan u => sec u + C
2 sec 3x2 + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
6. ∫ x2 csc x3 cot x3 dx
∫ csc x3 cot x3 . x2 dx
u = x3
du = 3x2 dx
(1/3) ∫ csc x3 cot x3 (3) x2 dx
csc u cot u => - csc u + C
- 1/3 csc x3 + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
7. ∫ 4x3 tan 3x4 dx
4 ∫ tan 3x4 . x3 dx
u = 3x4
du = 12x3 dx
(1/12) 4 ∫ tan 3x4 . (12) x3 dx
tan u => - ln I cos u I + C
tan u => ln I sec u I + C
- 1/3 ln I cos 3x4 I + C Ans.
1/3 ln I sec 3x4 I + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
8. ∫ 14 cot (-7x + 1) dx
14 ∫ cot (-7x + 1) dx
u = - 7x + 1
du = - 7 dx
(-1/7) 14 ∫ cot (-7x + 1) . (-7) dx
cot u => ln I sin u I + C
cot u => - ln I csc u I + C
- 2 ln I sin (-7x + 1) I + C Ans.
2 ln I csc (-7x + 1) I + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following
functions.
9. ∫ 4x sec (2x2 - 5) dx
4 ∫ sec (2x2 - 5) . x dx
u = 2x2 - 5
du = 4x dx
(1/4) 4 ∫ sec (2x2 - 5) . (4) x dx
sec u => ln I sec u + tan u I + C
ln I sec (2x2 - 5) + tan (2x2 - 5) I + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following functions.
10. ∫ (4x + 6) csc (x2 + 3x) dx
∫ csc (x2 + 3x) . (4x + 6) dx
u = x2 + 3x
du = (2x + 3) dx
2 ∫ csc (x2 + 3x) . (1/2) (4x + 6) dx
csc u => - ln I csc u + cot u I + C
csc u => ln I csc u - cot u I + C
- 2 ln I csc (x2 + 3x) + cot (x2 + 3x) I + C Ans.
2 ln I csc (x2 + 3x) - cot (x2 + 3x) I + C Ans.
EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following functions.
11. ∫ 5 cos 5 x sin x dx
5 ∫ cos 5 x sin x dx
5 ∫ (cos x) 5 sin x dx
u = cos x n = 5
du = - sin x dx
(-) 5 ∫ cos 5 x . (-) sin x dx
u n du => u n + 1
n+1
- 5 cos 6 x + C Ans.
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EXAMPLE : Determine the integral of the following functions.
12. ∫ cos 3 2x dx
∫ cos 2 2x cos 2x dx
sin 2 2x + cos 2 2x = 1
cos 2 2x = 1 - sin 2 2x
∫ (1 - sin 2 2x) cos 2x dx
∫ cos 2x dx - ∫ sin 2 2x cos 2x dx
∫ cos 2x dx - ∫ (sin 2x) 2 cos 2x dx
u = 2x u = sin 2x n = 2
du = 2 dx du = 2 cos 2x dx
∫ cos 2x dx - ∫ sin 2 2x cos 2x dx
∫ cos 2x dx - ∫ (sin 2x) 2 cos 2x dx
u = 2x u = sin 2x n = 2
du = 2 dx du = 2 cos 2x dx
(1/2) ∫ cos 2x . (2) dx - (1/2) ∫ sin 2 2x . (2) cos 2x dx
cos x => sin x + C u n du => u n + 1
n+1
1/2 sin 2x - 1/2 (sin 2x) 2+1
2+1
1/2 sin 2x - (sin 2x)3 + C Ans.
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 What’s Next?

Integration Exponential
Functions
Assignment On Integral of Trigonometric Functions:
Determine the integral of the ff. functions.
1. ∫ - 10 sin 5x dx
2. ∫ 4 x cos x2 dx
3. ∫ sec 2 (3x + 7) dx
4.∫ (x+2) csc 2 (x2 + 4x - 11) dx
5. ∫ 12 csc (-6x) cot (-6x) dx
6. ∫ 2 x3 cot x4 dx
7. ∫ x4 sec (x5 - 9) dx
8. ∫ tan 3 x dx