A Comparative Study on

the Climate of Uttarakhand

Welcome and Karnataka.

 Temperature & Rainfall of Karnataka

• Karnataka is a province where the occurrence and distribution of rainfall are not uniform across the state.
Karnataka receives a mean annual rainfall of around 1355 millimetres. The state receives two monsoons: the
North-East monsoon (October to December) and the South-West monsoon (June to September).

• The state of Karnataka in India has a bittersweet relationship with rains. While its regions of Malnad and
Coastal Karnataka receive a copious amount of rainfall; it’s north “Bayalu seemae” region in the Deccan Plateau
is one of the aridest regions in the country.

• A recent study observed a declining trend in rainfall during the southwest monsoon: or 6% in 50 years. India
Meteorological Department (IMD) by contrast holds that its data is indicative of a slight rise in annual
precipitation. Projections made for the period 2021 to 2050 under an SRES A1B scenario predict a decline in
annual rainfall for the southwestern and north-eastern regions of the state. A wide region from the north-
western part of the state including the coastal districts to the southeast is projected to see significant increases.

• Karnataka has a tropical monsoon climate. The main characteristics of this climate are hot and moist summers
and cool and dry winters. But there is diversity in the climate of the state.
 Temperature & Rainfall of Uttarakhand

• From July to September the state of Uttarakhand experiences monsoon. This time of year is not considered
the idyllic season as compared to the other two seasons. The reason for this is that the place witnesses heavy
rainfall in these months. The temperature ranges from 15°C to 25°C.

• Uttarakhand generally subtropical climate, The summer temperature in Uttarakhand can reach up to 40°C
whereas in winter Uttarakhand temperatures are usually between 0 and 30C. During the monsoon season, there
is often, medium to heavy rainfall.

• The state tends to be subjected to relentless rainfall during the Monsoon season. Although this makes the
surrounding greenery stand out at times, the dangers of cloud bursts, landslides and flooding make it a risky
place to visit. Roadways tend to be slippery, with poor visibility; and outdoor activities tend to get adversely
affected by the weather conditions. Hence, travel here is not advisable during the monsoon season.

• March to April and September to October are considered the best time to visit Uttarakhand. The state has
wonderful weather all through the year. Trekking, Paragliding and The Char Dham Yatra are the most popular
activities during Summer, which is also the Peak Season in Uttarakhand.
 Climate of Karnataka
 The climate of Karnataka is subtropical, with winter (January and February),
summer (March through May), southwest monsoon (June through
September), and post-monsoon (October through December) seasons.
 Due to its varying geographic and physio-graphic conditions, Karnataka
experiences climatic variations that range from arid to semi-arid in the
plateau region, sub-humid to humid tropical in the Western Ghats and humid
tropical monsoon in the coastal plains.
 There are various factors which affect the climate of Karnataka. Some of
them are as follows:
• Geographical Location
• Proximity to Ocean
• Relief Features
• Monsoon Winds
 Climate of Uttarakhand
 The climate of Uttarakhand is temperate with seasonal
variation as compared to the tropical monsoon climate of
Karnataka. In Uttarakhand, the climate is coolest in the
north while it is at least 21 °C in the southeast.
 The climate in the northern part of Uttarakhand is typically
Himalayan. This mountain range itself exerts an appreciable
extent of influence on monsoon and rainfall patterns. Within
the Himalayas, the climate differs depending on altitude and
position.
 One of the most important aspects of climate change and
the factors influencing it in direction of the prevailing winds.
As the sun heats different parts of the earth at different
rates, air circulates from the cold to the warm areas
producing winds.
Seasons

Karnataka Uttarakhand
• Summer - March to May • Summer - March to June
• Monsoon - June to October • Monsoon - July to September
• Winter - November to February • Winter - October to February
Impact of Climate Change
Karnataka
 Karnataka is the second most vulnerable state in India to be
impacted by Climate Change as the North Karnataka regions
have the arid and driest regions. Climate change will
impact natural resources to have social and economic
consequences. While some of the impacts are presumed to
be beneficial others could be disastrous. The social and
economic implications of this would benefit farmers and
the other sectors associated with its production.
 Migration Problems - People from high-density rural areas
will migrate to low-density areas and cities.   fed agriculture, practised through terrace farming on hill
 Implications for Agriculture and Food Security- Change in
precipitation patterns will impact agricultural productivity
and hence impact food and livelihood security  including Uttarkashi, Chamoli, Rudraprayag and
 Climate Change and Crop Productivity - Climate change is
predicted to reduce yields of maize and sorghum by up to
50%.  
 Livestock and Fodder Availability- Implications on livestock
and fodder availability have been disastrous in many
districts of Karnataka affecting the income of marginal
communities and leading to the distressed sale of livestock.
Uttarakhand
 Climate change in Uttarakhand will increasingly force
people to abandon farming at high altitudes and move to
the plains over the next 30 years. A new study on the state
in the middle of the Himalayan range by the Germany-
based Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact
Research and The Energy and Resources Institute in New
Delhi has forecast the worst impacts will be in higher
elevations. This may accelerate the trend of people
migrating and leaving land fallow. The majority of people
in Uttarakhand live in rural areas and 71% depend on rain-
slopes. 
 The TERI-PIK study found that districts at higher elevations,
Pithoragarh, are warming fastest. Saurabh Bhardwaj, a
climate scientist at TERI and a co-author of the study, said:
“Our analysis projects that the state’s average annual
maximum temperature is likely to increase by 1.6 degrees
Celsius under the medium warming representative
concentration pathway 4.5 pathway and by 1.9 degrees
Celsius under the higher warming representative
concentration pathway 4.5 pathway and 8.5 scenario
pathway shortly (2021-2050).”
 Done By:
 Sanath

Thank You  Skanda

 Sumukha
 Samyuktha