Lesson 4:

Typologies of
Community
FORMAL COMMUNITIES
 Formal Communities are characterized by
constitutionally structured hierarchies,
which define the relationship between
authoritative and subordinate actors and
groups

3
4
INFORMAL COMMUNITIES
 Informal Communities are said to be
generally less rigid compared to formal
communities. Informal communities are seen
to typically operate through socio-cultural
mechanism within community structure.

5
6
LOCAL-GLOBAL TYPOLOGY:
focuses on the scope that
breadth of communities with
respect to its geographic
dimension and the reach of its
other dimension

7
8
Local Community:
 is a group of
individuals interacting
within a shared
environment

9
Global Community:
stretches beyond the frontier of a
local community, transcending
national, supranational, and regional
demarcation. Global

10
URBAN -RURAL TYPOLOGY
 Rural Communities: are
characterized as pastoral, agricultural
and are located along the periphery of
urban centers or in countryside
 Urban Communities: are described as
industrialized and commercial centers
where population density is relatively
high compared to rural communities.
11
12
Community
Sectors:

13
- The community sector is broad set of community
case organizations that voluntarily and
autonomously function beyond the government or
state. It is comprised of individuals and group
whose purpose for organizing maybe social,
political, economic, cultural or religious. These
organization are generally non-profit and formed
to address specific issues.

14
- Community-based organizations acts within the
confines of a set of institutional arrangements. This
organizations do not necessarily operate within a
locale but may also extend beyond national
boarders and project its presence in regional,
international and global bodies. Their transnational
character allows them to network the organization
beyond the domestic realm.

15
- The following sectors that exist in all
communities maybe categorized according
to the following:
 Health
 Education
 Law Enforcement
 Government
 Business
 Youth
 The media
 Human services

16
 Religion
 Service Fraternal organization
 Community Activist Volunteer
Group
 Culture
 Housing Development
 Sports and Recreation
 The environment and Agriculture

17
FUNCTIONS OF A
COMMUNITY

18
1. Production-Distribution-Consumption

- Community provide its members

livelihood through the use of its
resources and the system of exchange
embedded therein such as trade and
commerce.
19
20
2. Socialization
- Communities have Processes that shape
social behavior by instilling to its members
norms, values knowledge, skills and
attitudes. This is done through mechanism
of transference, such as child rearing,
education, traditions, and practices.
21
22
3. Social Control
- Mechanism within communities such
as social pressure or formal
institution, regulate the conduct and
behavior of community members.

23
24
4. Social Participation
- Communities thrive through the association
and involvement of its members. These are
exemplified in the group and organizations
within communities such as religious
association, business and neighborhood

25
26
5. Mutual Support

- Communities offer its members

interaction that encourage
cooperation and solidarity.

27
28