MATERIAL FOR DESIGN

GLAS
S
CONTENT

Introduction
Materials
Process of making Glass
GLASS
Treatment of Glass
Properties
Building Application
Classification of Glass
Types of Glass
Price List
References
INTRODUCTION

Glass is a thermoplastic material characterized by transparency, brittleness, hardness and

chemical inertness. It is available in a wide range of textures, colors, finishes and shapes.
 RAW MATERIALS

Silicon Dioxide (sand) Sodium Carbonate (soda Calcium Oxide (chalk)

Proportion: 69 - 74% ash) Proportion: 5 -12%
: Proportion: 12-16%

Aluminium Oxide
Magnesium Oxide
Proportion: 0-3%
Proportion: 0-6%
PROCESS OF MAKING GLASS
1. Raw materials are finely powdered separately in grinders.
2. Batch is prepared by mixing raw materials in required quantity.
3. The batch prepared is heated in a pot/tank furnace at about 1500 degree Celsius.
4. Molten glass material is then shaped by blowing, drawing, casting, pressing, rolling
or spinning.
5. The fabricated glass is allowed to cool in a controlled manner called anneling.
TREATMENT OF GLASS
1. Cutting and Grinding
2. Bending
3. Opaque Making
4. Silvering
PROPERTIES
1. It is Brittle in nature.
2. The amorphous property of glass enables it
to be continuously worked from furnaces,
i.e.; it can be blown, drawn, rolled, pressed or
spined in heated state.
3. It can be welded by fusion.
4. It absorbs, reflects or transmits light.
5. It can be transparent or translucent. Self-cleaning glass
6. It is resistant to weather and chemicals Cracking of glass
except alkalies.
7. It is excellent electrical insulator .
BUILDING
APPLICATION

Skin of Staircase
building

Windows Partition
walls

Doors Parapet
CLASSIFICATION OF GLASS
1. Soda-lime Glass 5. Common Glass
It is obtained by fusion of silica, lime, soda and It is also known as bottle glass. It has brown, green
alumina. It is also known as soda-ash glass, soda or yellow color. It is least costly and mainly used for
glass or soft glass. It is used for glazing household bottles and medicine bottle.
doors, windows and making ordinary glass wares.
2. Potash-lime Glass
It is same as soda-lime glass except that soda is replaced
by potash. It is also known as hard glass or Bohemian
glass.
3. Potash-lead Glass
It has shiny appearance. Also known as lead glass or
flint glass. Used for high class glass ware,
bulbs, lenses and prism.
4. Boro-silicate Glass
It is also known as Pyrex glass. It can withstand high
temperature and hence used for laboratory equipment
and kitchen ware.
 TYPES OF GLASS

Sheet Glass Float Glass

It is used in glazing doors, windows and It is mostly used in windows and commercial
partition walls. Thickness range- 2mm to buildings. Thickness range- 2mm to
6.5mm 32mm
Size upto 1.75 x 1.1m
Frosted or Obscured Glass
• It is available in different types like figured
glass, ground glass, chipped glass and
corrugated glass. Commonly used in toilets,
office doors, partitions etc.
• Thickness- 4,5 and 6mm
• Size- 6x8, 7x3 and 6x4 feet
Wired or Reinforced Glass
• Available in two types obscured
wire glass and polished wire glass.
Used in partitions and windows of
public buildings, schools, hotels
and institutions.
• Thickness range- 5 to 19mm
• Size up to 1.9 x 2.5 m
Block Glass or Glass Tempered Curved Glass Used for Sandwich Glass or
Laminated Glass
Brick shower enclosures, commercial
Used as partition wall and residencial windows, partition, Used in windows of high- rise
in office, toilets and spiral staircase and handrails. buildings, museums, bank,
institutions. It is Thickness- 5-6mm, government buildings, jewellery
available in different 8,10,12,15mm store, airports etc.
patterns and colours. Maximum depth of curve is PVB colour- bronze, blue, dark
Thickness- 2,3,4 inch 250mm grey, light grey, green, ocean blue
etc.

Bullet Resistant or
Bullet Proof Glass
Made of four or more layers of
glass laminated with plastic. Used
in banks, industrial and military
applications
Thickness range- 20mm to
75mm
Heat Absorbing and Glare
Reducing Glass
It is available in two type,
transparent glass with neutral
grey, bronze, blue or green tint
and translucent white color.
Mostly used in cold climates to
capture heat.
Thickness range 4 to 19mm
Reflecting/Coated Glass or
Transparent Mirror Glass
It is coated with metallic
oxide from one side producing
mirror effect. Available in
green, blue, gray and bronze
colour. Used
in doors, windows and skin
of buildings.
Insulating Glass
It is sealed arrangement
consisting of two or more
sheets of glass separated by
dry air of argon. It acts as
sound insulation and
improve thermal
performance by reducing
heat. Used in windows,
doors, curtain walls,
Fire Rated Glass Mirror Glass
It is either polished wire glass or glass It is used as mirrors in
ceramic. residential and
Single layer thickness range- commercial buildings.
5mm to 15mm
Double layer thickness-
16, 20, 26, 30, 36, 60mm
Fire resistance time- 30, 45,
60, 90, 120, 180 mins.
Back Painted Glass
It is form of clear glass
painted from back side and
viewed from front side. It is
available
in variety of colors and used
as colored walls for interior
glazing.
Acrylic Painted Glass Engraved Glass
It is used in spandrel Engraving is done in
panels, kitchen, different patterns on the
bathroom, internal wall surface of glass through
cladding, partitions and CNC engraving machine.
furniture. Such glasses Used in partitions, doors,
are available in different windows etc.
colors and patterns.
Inlaid Glass Stained Glass Tinted Glass
Patters of inlaid glass It is traditionally made in It is basically colored float
are flat panels and used as glass. used for esthetic
made up of copper window. the design can applications in residential and
and various glass be figurative or commercial buildings. It is
bevels. It is used in nonfigurative. available in various colors
doors and windows and thickness.
for esthetic look.
 PRICE LIST
Name Thickness
Cost per REFERENCES
sq.feet
https://abbeyglass.co.uk/news/different-types-glass-
1. Float Glass 4mm 60/- uses/
5mm 70/- https://www.indiamart.com/
8mm 140/- https:// supertuff.co.uk/glass-types-sizes/ https:/
150/-
12mm /www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6hNFuaV7ro
2. Frosted glass 4mm 40/-
3. Block Glass 170/- per block
4. Wired Glass 5mm 120/-
5. Fire rated Glass 5-12mm upto 1200/-

6. Sandwich Glass 3+3mm 140/-

4+4mm 160/-
5+5mm 185/-
7. Laminated Glass 5 -15mm 200-320/-
8. Reflecting Glass 4 - 6mm 53/-
8 - 12mm 63/-
Back Painted
9. 4mm 200/-
Glass
10. Tinted Glass
Gray 5mm 55/-
6mm 80/-
8mm 140/-
60/-
Brown 5mm 50/-
Green 5mm