Speech, thought, narrative

and stream of consciousness

Marek Mroček
KU1BE
FP-TUL
Content

• Speech and narration

• Types of speech

• Thoughts, feelings

• Stream of consciousness

• Activity
 • Speech and writing
• Our speech can sound messy
sometimes
• Written version should look structured

Speech and
narration
 Free direct speech

Types of Direct speech

speech Indirect speech

Free indirect speech

 • Free direct speech
• No intrusion or filtering by the narrator
• Words of the narrator are separated from
the words of the character by indentation
on the page and the use of quotation marks
Types of
speech
 • Direct speech
• Enclosed within quotation marks
• There should be a reporting clause
• She said, he told us, etc.

Types of
speech
 • Indirect speech
• No quotation marks
• I or you he, she, they
• Back in time (is was)
• Demonstrative pronouns change (here there)
Types of
speech
 • Free indirect speech
• Mixture of the direct and indirect speech
• It is used when it is very difficult to separate narrator‘s
voice from the voice of the character
Types of
speech
Thoughts and feelings

• Thoughts, feelings or desires are more important than spoken or written utterances

• Only fiction can represent personal inner world

• Literature provides insight into minds and feelings of the characters

• First – person narrator cannot know what characters are really thinking
Stream of consciousness

• A technique that tries to capture the thinking process of the character

• Sometimes it is illogical because it is captured how the thoughts flow

• Sometimes it breaks grammatical and syntactical rules

The novel of consciousness

• Connected with Stream of consciousness

• Modernism (the end of the 19th century)

• Ulysses by James Joyce
• Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf
Sources

• Fludornik, Monika. An introduction to Narratology. London: Routledge, 2009. Chapter 8.

• Montgomery: Unit 22
• Stream of Consciousness: Stream of Consciousness Definition. Literary Devices: Definition
and Examples of Literary Terms [online]. [Accessed 29.10.2021]. Available from:
https://literarydevices.net/stream-of-consciousness/#Example_1_Ulysses_By_James_Joyc
e
• Stream of Consciousness: Stream of Consciousness Examples. LitCharts: From the
creators of SparkNotes, something better. [online]. [Accessed 29.10.2021]. Available from:
https://www.litcharts.com/literary-devices-and-terms/stream-of-consciousness
Thank you for you
attention!
Marek Mroček
KU1BE
FP - TUL