CONTENTS

• Introduction
• History
• What is Network Protocols
• Requirements of Protocols
• Functions of Protocols
• Need of Protocols
• Types of Protocols
• Benefits of Protocols
• Conclusion
 Introduction

• computers use network protocols to communicate in computer networks.

There are many network protocols in existence; TCP/IP is a family of
network protocols that are used for the Internet.
• A network protocol is a standard written down on a piece of paper (or,
more precisely, with a text editor in a computer). The standards that are
used for the Internet are called Requests For Comment (RFC).
• The Internet base protocols and systems were mainly devised in the
1970s and 1980s.
• TCP/IP describes a protocol which will work on any sort of computer and
operating system for transportation of data across the internet between
different systems
• TCP/IP has proven to be remarkably robust but is very basic.
History

• The Internet base protocols and systems were mainly devised in the 1970s
and 1980s.
• TCP/IP describes a protocol which will work on any sort of computer and
operating system for transportation of data across the internet between
different systems
• TCP/IP has proven to be remarkably robust but is very basic.
 What Are Network Protocols

• The word protocol comes from the Greek protocollon, meaning a leaf of
paper glued to a manuscript volume that describes the contents.
• Network Protocol is a set of rules that governs the communications
between computers on a network. Network protocols are formal
standards and policies comprised of rules, procedures and formats that
define communication between two or more devices over a network.
• Network protocols govern the end-to-end processes of timely, secure
and managed data or network communication.
Requirements of Protocols
• Data formats for data exchange
• Flow control
• Routing
• Acknowledgements
• Loss of information
• Sequence control
Protocol Functions
• Identifies errors
• Applies compression techniques
• Decides on:
How to announce sent data
How to announce receive data
How to address data
How data is to be sent
Need of Protocols
• Protocols are needed for predetermined understandings for
communications
• It helps the smooth functioning of a system,such contribution to a system
may benefit or offend you from where you stand
 Types of Protocols
• TCP: Transmission Control Protocol
• HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol
• FTP: File Transfer Protocol
• SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
• UDP: User Datagram Protocol
• ICMP: Internet Control Message Protocol
• SCTP: Stream Control Transmission Protocol
• ASP: Address Resolution Protocol
TCP/Ip Protocol
• TCP/IP:
TCP/IP is a set of rules (protocols)_governing communications among all
computers on the Internet. TCP/IP was developed in 1978 and driven by Bob
Kahn and Vint Cerf.
TCP/IP is a combination of two separate protocols: Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP).
The Transmission Control Protocol is responsible for ensuring the reliable
transmission of data across Internet-connected networks. TCP checks packets
for errors and submits
HTTP Protocol

HTTP:
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for
distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.HTTP is the
foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.
Development of HTTP was initiated by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989
HTTP is an application layer protocol designed within the framework of the
Internet protocol suite.
FTP Protocol
FTP:
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard Internet protocol for transmitting
files between computers on the Internet over TCP/IP connections.
FTP is a client-server protocol that relies on two communications channels
between client and server: a command channel for controlling the
conversation and a data channel for transmitting file content.
SMTP:
-Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to transport mail. Simple Mail Transport
Protocol is used on the internet, it is not a transport layer protocol but is an
application layer protocol.

UDP:
- An unreliable connection less protocol used to control the management of
application level services between computers. It is used for transport by some
applications which must provide their own reliability.
ICMP:
- Internet control message protocol provides management and error
reporting to help manage the process of sending data between computers.
(Management).

ARP:
- Address Resolution Protocol enables the packaging of IP data into
ethernet packages. It is the system and messaging protocol that is used to
find the ethernet (hardware) address from a specific IP number
POP:

• POP stands for Post Office Protocol. It is generally used to support a single client.
• There are several versions of POP but the POP 3 is the current standard. POP is an
application layer internet standard protocol.
• POP does not allow search facility. It is not suitable for accessing non mail data.
 Benefits of Network Protocols

Some important benefits are;

1. They provide the path to increase the network connections
2. Enhance the speed of the connection,
3. Enhance the data transmission rate and provide easy working to the users
Conclusion
Computer Networks and Protocols have forever changed the way humans will
work, play, and communicate.
New protocols and standards will emerge, new applications will be conceived,
and our lives will be further changed and enhanced.
THANK YOU