NMR – Spectra

Introduction NMR
Determine solution structure of small molecules 
DNA and protein structure determination
Molecular dynamics –quantifying motional properties
Exchange rate/activation energy /∆H/∆S
Diffusion measurements
Hydrogen bonding determination / pKa measurements
Drug screening
Metabolite analysis – metabolomics
Natural product chemistry
Polymer chemistry
Environmental chemistry
The NMR spectometer
 The Nuclear Magnetic Moment

lAll atomic nuclei can be characterized by a nuclear spin quantum number I

I can be ≥0 and any multiblie of 1/2
Nuclei with I =0 don’t posses nuclear spin and consequently are termed ‘NMR silent
All nuclei with I ≠0 posses spin ,charge and angular momentum P resulting in a nuclear magnetic
momentum μ- μ=𝛶P
where 𝛶 is the gyromagnetic momentum ratio of the nucleus-
Gyromagnetic momentum :it’s the ratio of it’s magnetic momentum to it’s angular momentum
it’s unit is rad s-1T-1 OR COULM Kg-1-
If 𝛶>0 spin and magnetic momentum point in the same direction ,if 𝛶<0 they lie in opposite -
direction
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Spin state
Bohr : mvr =n 

Which ℏ : unit 

N: quantum number 

Schrodinger equation ( +1/2 ,-1/2) 

Fermi : [Bosons _ fermies] 

( Which Bosons : integer number and symmetric 

)0,1,2,3 

Fermies ( ½ ,3/2 ,5/2) anti symmetric and formed nodes and has ( qwarks – lepton) 

: Qwarks 

has proton and neutrons 

Lepton : has electrons 