MODULE 5

SUSTAINABLE
ENGINEERING

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VIDEO LINK
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GGTM5T_Vas

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SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES

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GREEN BUILDINGS IN INDIA
Green buildings are becoming an integral part of modern
India.
Over the years, green buildings have taken the front seat
in many government initiatives like Smart Cities Mission,
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) and Atal Mission
for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT).
The real estate sector in India has taken note of
the benefits of going green and hence many famous green
buildings have been built in the country over the last
decade.

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Suzlon One Earth, Pune
The first name on our list of top green buildings in
India is Suzlon One Earth located in Pune.
The building received its LEED Platinum rating in 2010.
The principal architect of Suzlon One Earth, Charles
Benninger designed the building in such a way that 90%
of the building receives natural daylight.
 Efficient ventilation ensures regulation of fresh air in the
building and reduced energy consumption.

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CII- Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre,
Hyderabad
Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre is the first LEED
Platinum certified building in India.
The roof of the building is covered with vegetation to
keep temperatures regulated. The large array of solar
panels installed on the buildings generate around 100-120
units of electricity.
This makes Godrej Green Business Centre one of the
most energy-efficient buildings in India.

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ITC Maurya, New Delhi
ITC Maurya is one of the first and largest LEED Platinum
rated hotels on the planet.
The hotel has been on numerous occasions received
awards for being an eco-friendly hotel in India.
 What makes ITC Maurya stand out is that it recycles over
90% of its waste.

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Jawaharlal Nehru Bhawan, New Delhi
The office of Ministry of External Affairs, Jawaharlal Nehru Bhawan is
designed in sync with the environment and its surroundings.
The external design of the building is derived from Lutyen’s era while
the interior is completely state-of-the-art.
Insulated walls keep the building cool in summers and reduce air
conditioning requirements by 30%.
Reflecting panels do not let the building get heated in summers while
keeping it warm in winters.
 Efficient waste management and recycling account for better resource
management.
CFLs have been installed along with vertical gardens giving the building
a distinct look.
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ITC Green Centre, Gurgaon
ITC Green Centre has received the prestigious LEED
certification by USGBC-LEED.
 With green and sustainable building techniques used
during the construction phase, ITC Green Centre has
managed to reduce its energy consumption significantly.
Double glazed windows do not allow heat to enter the
building and double gaze insulation regulates temperature
in the building. 

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Infinity Benchmark, Kolkata

Infinity Benchmark in Kolkata has been awarded the

LEED certification for efficient use of energy saving
techniques.
To reduce pollution levels, electric vehicles are used for
commuting within the complex. CO2 monitoring sensors
ensure that when CO2 levels rise, necessary measures are
taken.
Insulated walls regulate the temperatures in the building
thus reducing the need for artificial cooling or heating. 

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 GREEN BUILDINGS
IN THE WORLD

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Reforma Tower (Mexico) – The Energy-efficient
Skyscraper 
Reforma Tower inaugurated in 2016 is the second tallest skyscraper in
the country with 57 floors.
Designed by the LBR&A architectural firm, the building is considered
as a sustainability benchmark in the whole of Latin America.
The greatest reason is that it owns a LEED Platinum pre-certification
for embracing highly efficient management of resources.
The structure saves 24% of energy and 30% of water consumption. It
also harvests rainwater for consumption with a more interesting fact
that it gets treated within the building.
So, it doesn’t have a drainage system at all! Moreover, robotic parking
curbs carbon emissions while the elevators innovatively provide
shelter against earthquakes or fires. 

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Corallo House (Guatemala) – Home Around
Trees
Corallo House is a residential phenomenon situated in Santa
Rosalia, covering 747 square metres.
PAZ Arquitectura designed the structure without disturbing the
existing trees in the place.
 The layout of the house integrates into the natural exterior –
which is a forest.
The aim was to preserve the trees while building a living space
that interacts with nature.
 Glass facades play the important role of the merge. Besides,
the floor plan is without columns and adapts to the existing
topography. 
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Sunshine Coast University Hospital –
Australia’s “Sustainability Superstar”
Australia is known for its dozens of green offices.
But this is the first time the nation received its largest healthcare
facility granted Six Star Green Star ratings for design and
construction. 
A $1.8 billion project, Sunshine Coast University Hospital has been
recognised as the best public building.
This came after it received the 2019 Rider Levett Bucknall/Property
Council of Australia Innovation and Excellence Awards.
Nicknamed as the “sustainability superstar” by the judging panels,
it reflects harmony between energy efficiency and human-centric
design. 

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The Whitepod Eco Resort (Switzerland) – Low-
impact Hotel 
The Whitepod Eco Resort nestled amidst the snow-covered
mountains in Switzerland was awarded the World Prize for
Sustainable Tourism.
The highlight of the hotel is the innovative low-impact pods. These
accommodation spaces are built with a self-sustaining frame and
heated with a wood stove.
Other eco-friendly features are water-saving devices, timeouts for
boilers, LED lighting, and natural spring water for drinking.
The resort uses solar energy in areas possible and keeps lighting at
night to a minimum. 
Considering the green features, this can be regarded as the most eco-
conscious yet beautiful green hotel on Earth. 
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Suzlon One Earth (India) – Office Powered
By 100% Renewable Energy
We have on our list the largest and one of the first green offices in
India to receive a LEED Platinum rating in 2010.
Architect Charles Benninger designed the building in such a way
that 90% of the interior receives natural light.
Spread over 10-acre area, the office is 100% powered by offsite and
onsite renewable sources.
18 wind turbines have been installed within the campus which
account for 7% of the total energy usage.
The rest comes from offsite wind turbines.
A water percolation system is another outstanding feature that
controls stormwater runoff, adding to an increase in the water table. 

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Ghana Ridge Hospital (Ghana) – Self-supporting
Building
Among the ten examples of how buildings can become sustainable, the
Ghana Ridge Hospital in Accra is the most inspiring.
This is owing to the fact that the city built a self-sustainable healthcare
facility despite significant challenges.
 And after completion, it received a LEED certification which was
actually not expected.  
It was 2004 when the construction began and the city was facing 159
days of blackouts in a year.
There were also challenges like the lack of infrastructure to support
green buildings. Hence, its architects Perkins+Will adopted ways to
design and build with whatever was locally available.
They installed natural ventilation without any expensive HVAC system.

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Irena Headquarters (UAE) – The Least Wasteful
Building 

International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena) headquarters located

in Masdar City is the most sustainable building in the UAE.
It is the first-ever to receive a four Pearl rating from the Abu Dhabi
Urban Planning – which is equal to LEED platinum rating.
The building houses a solar rooftop with 1,000 square metres of solar
panels generating 305,000 kilowatts/hours of electricity per year.
 It harnesses 95% of the energy produced by elevators and 75% of
heat from AC systems and reuses it as energy.
As a whole, the seven-storey structure consumes 64% less energy
and 50% less water than traditional ones in Abu Dhabi.
So, it is one of the least wasteful buildings in the world. 

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The Crystal (UK) – 100% Water Reused 
The Crystal in London belongs to one of the leading tech companies
Siemens.
 The office attracts thousands of visitors each year for being the ‘urban
sustainable landmark.
Almost every ray of natural light entering the premises is utilised.
Smart lighting is installed for which the power comes from solar panels.

A combination of LED and fluorescent lights switches on and off

automatically depending on the daylight.
Other interesting features of the office include Rainwater harvesting and
Black Water Recycling.
 While the roof collects rainwater, the sewage water is recycled, purified and
converted into potable water. 
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Sandbag Houses (South Africa) –  One Of A Kind
Greenest House 
Sandbag Houses in Freedom Park, Cape Town, South Africa inspires the world on
how money and resources can be conserved.
These houses were built replacing brick and mortar with sandbags by the
company called EcoBeams with a mere $6000 investment.
The natural material is reported to be strong, safe and inexpensive in delivering
affordable housing.
What surprises more is that the sand was collected from dunes located just 100
metres away from the site.
Meaning that there were no transportation charges involved.
More interestingly, the construction was completed with the help of its future
residents.
Least you would imagine that the sandbags are heaped inside timber frames and
plastered on top.

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Methods for increasing energy efficiency of
buildings
Energy consumption-1)direct energy consumption
2)indirect energy consumption
Energy efficient practices
1. Ventillation
2. Walls
3. Roof
4. Building materials
5. Building orientation
6. Building form

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 7.Location of water bodies
8.Landscaping
9.Reducing electricity consumption
10.Water conservation
11.Use of renewable energy systems

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Basic features of sustainable cities

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Sustainable transport
Impact of transportation sector on sustainability

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 Strategies for achieving sustainable
transportation

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Applications of sustainability

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