RESEARCH PRESENTATION

Group No: 03
1)Liza Bhatti.
2)Mehak Atri.
3)Misbah Un Nabi. Supervisor
Mr. Johny Kutty Joseph, Assistant
4)Mehwish Ismail. Professor, SMVDCoN
5)Muneeza Mushtaq.

Shri Mata Vaishno Devi College of Nursing

Kakryal, Katra, J&K, 182320
 PROBLEM STATEMENT

A study to assess the level of stress and the

coping mechanisms among the B.Sc Nursing
Students of Jammu Region.
 INTRODUCTION
 Health status is an individual’s relative level of wellness and illness, taking into
account the presence of biological or physiological dysfunction, symptoms, and
functional impairment.
 Stress is type of change that causes physiological, psychological, emotional
strains.
 Stressors are anything that causes the release of stress hormones.
 The nursing training requires hours and days of extensive training since the
first day of nursing college.
 Nursing is a profession that requires professional nurses to interact with a
variety of individuals including colleagues, clients and families in high stress
environment.
 Within the whole duration of training, nursing students are often subjected to
stress full situations.
 During the training session the nursing students are exposed to various stressors
that directly or indirectly affect the learning and performance of the students.
 INTRODUCTION
 The stress during clinical education/training and the practical components of nursing
education tend to prepare students to develop professionalism, it is a huge factor that
causes stress than other programs.
 The world health organization (WHO) has estimated that stress related disorders will
one of the leading causes of disability by the year 2020.
 According to Jilmy Anu Jose et.al showed that 41% nursing students were stressed
due to academic assignments, 22% due to clinical assignments, 18% due to
theoretical exam 13% due to practical exam, 3% due to co-curricular activities, 3%
stressed due to student nursing association portfolio.
 Coping is a dynamic, behavioral and cognitive effort in controlling internal and
external stress.
 Coping mechanism can help students to adjust in a stressful situation while helping
them in maintaining their emotional wellbeing.
 Healthy ways to cope with stress involves taking care of self such as Eat healthy,
exercise, get plenty of sleep, and give self-break if felted stressed out. talk to others,
to avoid drugs and alcohol, take a break, recognize when more need help and so on.
 NEED OF THE STUDY
 Exploring the effects of stress in students is important in many aspects,
but two are outstanding.
 First, the students that are young, and the effects of stressful events in
young can last until adulthood, increasing the risk of suffering mental
health disorders.
 Second, stress can also reduce learning skills; indispensable in academic
environments, the reduction of learning skills is also an important factor
as it reduces the resources of students to achieve academic success.
 Nursing students are valuable resources.
 Detection of potential stress among students is crucial since stress leads
to the low productivity, low quality of life, and suicidal ideas.
 Identifying factors that are affecting stress among B.Sc. Nursing students
can help nursing educators to find ways to decrease stress.
 NEED OF THE STUDY
 The prevalence rates of stress among health professionals students are
estimated to be around 14.3% - 56% globally.16
 High levels of stress can have a negative influence on students, leading
to depression and despair, and therefore affecting students, health and
academic level.
 Stress is unavoidable and, in most cases, it is difficult to overcome,
however, a good coping strategy may help students to improve their
academic results.
 Thus, in current study researcher felt the need to assess the stress and
coping strategies among nursing students in different colleges of Jammu
Nursing students.
 Thus, investigating the presence of stress among undergraduate nursing
students is relevant because stress may lead to organic problems of a
psychological nature, such as irritability, difficulty concentrating and
social isolation.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. Assess the level of stress among B.Sc Nursing Students.

2. Assess the types of coping strategies adopted by the B.Sc Nursing
Students to cope with the stressors.
3. Assess the relationship between Stress and Coping Behavior among
Nursing Students.
4. Find the association between levels of stress with selected demographic
variables.
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
S.N TITLE OF THE AUTHOR AND METHOD AND RESULT
O STUDY PULICATION
1. A study to assess Rajesh Kumar and Cross Sectional Study
the stress and Nancy, Nursing Instruments: PSS 14 and ACOPE was used. The total
coping strategies and Midwifery number of students was 180. Findings revealed that
among nursing Research Journal, students mean PSS 14 score was( 43.33+_ 6.22).
students. Vol_7, No 4, Majority of the students reported that sometimes
October 2011. during the last month, they remain upset, unable to
control important things of life, felt nervous or
stressed. Majority of the subjects tend to use more
healthy coping strategies as compared to negative or
unhealthy ones. Seeking diversional is the most
common and seeking professional support is the least
common coping strategy identified in nursing
students.23
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
S.N TITLEOF THE AUTHOR AND METHOD AND RESULT
O STUDY PULICATION

2. Stress and Emad Shdaifat.et.al A descriptive cross sectional approach was done and
Coping Global journal of PSS-14 (Perceived Stress Scale) was used to assess the
Strategies Health science, Vol- stress level of students. Coping Behavior Inventory was
Among Nursing 10,No 5; 2018. used to assess the coping strategies employed by the
students. nursing students to cope with stressful situations.
Sample consisted of 184 nursing students of different
batches in a particular university. Moderate stress was
observed among students (Overall PSS 1.57 ± 0.72) and
assignments, workload, teachers, colleagues, peer
group, life style and patients seemed to be the main
stressors. Further it was also observed that the low level
of stress was related to environment and deficiency of
professional knowledge. Problem solving approach was
the main and highest used defense mechanism whereas
avoidance was least used. A moderate positive
correlation was observed between avoidance as coping
strategy and PSS subscale and negative correlation
between problem solving approach as coping strategy
and professional knowledge/skills..22
• In this study Non probability (Quota sampling) was sampling size.
used. Sampling techniques and
• Sample size was 180.
• For this study different B.Sc Nursing colleges of population
Jammu region were selected and the population was Research setting and
B.Sc. Nursing students of selected Nursing Colleges
research design
• Quantitative approach and Cross Sectional Study Research approach and
METHODOLOGY
• PART A –Socio Demographic Variables
• PART B –Perceived Stress Scale-14 (Cohen.et.al) and Coping
Development of tool
Behaviour Inventory (Folkman. Et.al.).
• The B.Sc Nursing students who were currently studying in various
B.Sc Nursing Colleges of Jammu region and those who were
willing to participate. Inclusion and exclusion.
• Those who were not present during time of data collection and the
nursing students who were pursuing other nursing courses such as
ANM, GNM etc.
• Research variables were Level of Stress of nursing students
and the types of coping strategies used to manage stress. demographic variables.
• Age, Gender, Occupation of Parents, Income of the parents, Research and
Family Member/Relative in Nursing Field, Academic
Performance of the student, Year of Study of students.
METHODOLOGY
• Ethical approval was obtained from Shri Mata Vaishno Devi
Project Evaluation Committee, prior to data collection.
• Written permission was obtained from the Principals of
Ethical clearance
respective Nursing Colleges.
• Oral Consent was obtained from Research participants.
• Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Data analysis.
• Data collection was carried out between 1st to 20th April 2021 by Data collection procedure.
visiting selected colleges.
METHODOLOGY
 ANALYSIS

Demographic Profile of the Research

Participants.
Demography
Age Distribution among nursing Gender Distribution among nursing
students students

AGE OF STUDENTS GENDER

20.5
7.2
30

17 TO 19 YEARS
20 TO 22 YEARS MALE
23 TO 25 YEARS FEMALE
ABOVE 25 YEARS
62.7

79.5
 Frequency distribution of religion  Frequency distribution of the place
of the B.Sc .Nursing students. of living of the B.Sc. Nursing
students.

Sales

0.5 1.1
16.6

HINDU
HOSTEL
47.2 51.1 MUSLIM
PAYING GUEST/
CHRISTIAN RENTAL ACCOM-
SIKH MODATION
OTHERS 16.6 WITH FAMILY

66.6
 Frequency distribution of type  Frequency distribution of order
of family. of birth.

TYPE OF FAMILY ORDER OF BIRTH

50

45.55
45

40
0.5
35

31.1
NUCLEAR 30 28.33
JOINT
26.11 ORDER OF BIRTH
EXTENDED
25

20
68.3

15

10

0
ELDER MIDDLE YOUNGER
 Frequency distribution of
economic support of B.Sc.  Hobbies distribution of b.sc.
Nursing students. Nursing students.

ECONOMIC SUPPORT HOBBIES

120

100 97.77

8.88
80
19.44
READING
WATCHING T V
20
60 LISTENING MUSIC
ECONOMIC SUPPORT 3.33
PAINTING
SPORTS
OTHERS

40
7.77

40.55
20

2.22
0
0
PARENTS EDUCATION OTHERS
LOAN
 Frequency distribution of  Frequency distribution of year of
choice of course of B.Sc. study of B.Sc Nursing students.
Nursing students.

3.88
21.66 28.33

1ST YEAR
2ND YEAR
OWN CHOICE 3RD YEAR
38.88
CHOICE BY PARENTS 4TH YEAR
57.22 OTHERS

21.66
28.33
 Objective-2 : The second objective was to assess the level of
stress
among B.Sc. Nursing students of Jammu region.
 The level of stress was identified by using PSS-14 tool ( Perceived
stress scale).
 Sum, mean and categorization were used for analyzing the level of
stress among B.SC Nursing students.
 After analyzing data we found that out of 180 nursing students
25(13.89%) have perceived low stress, 138(76.67) have moderate
stress and 17(09.44) have 90

80 76.67
perceived high level of
70

stress. 60

50 LOW STRESS
MODERATE STRESS
40
HIGH PEVEL OF STRESS
30

20 13.89
9.44
10

0
PERCEIVED LEVEL OF STRESS
 ANALYSIS
 Objective-1 : The first objective of the study was to find
the association between levels of stress with selected
demographic variables.
 The demographic profile includes ten questions which were age,
gender, type of family, choice of course, religion, place of living,
order of birth, economic support and hobbies.
 Chi square test was used to find association of level of stress and
among B.Sc. Nursing students with selected demographic variables
 The result of the study shows that the calculated chi-square value for
stress and all demographic variables such as age, gender, religion, place
of living, order of birth, choice of course and year of study is lesser than
the table value, hence the hypothesis (H2) is rejected for demographic
variables mentioned above.
 The findings also reveal that the calculated chi-square value X2 = 9.392 (df=4)
for stress and type of family is greater than table value . The calculated chi-square
valuesX2 = 8.072(df=2) for stress and economic support is greater than table
value.
 Hence the hypothesis (H2) which states that “there will be association between
stress and selected demographic variables is accepted for type of family, and
economic support.
Objective 3: The third objective was to assess the types of coping
strategies adopted by the B.Sc Nursing Students to cope with the
stressors.

 The Coping Behaviour inventory (CBI) was used to assess the coping
behaviour adopted by the B.Sc. Nursing students to deal with their
stress.
 Item analysis was performed to analyze the most frequently used
coping mechanism to deal with stress.
 The result found that the most frequent coping strategy was Staying
Optimistic (2.43 ±0.74)
­ such as focusing on success, getting a role
model and so on.
 The second coping strategy was Problem solving (2.38 ± 0.84), such as
setting up objectives, adopting strategies to solve problems, making
plan and so on.
 The third coping strategy was transference (2.33 ± 0.98).
 The least used coping strategy was avoidance behaviour (1.36 ± 0.61).
Objective 4: The fourth object was Assess the relationship between
Stress and Coping Behavior among Nursing Students.
 Karl Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the relationship
between level of stress and type of coping mechanism.
 The result shows that there was positive moderate correlation between
‘mild stress’ and ‘avoidance’ (r = 0.46).
 There was negative moderate correlation observed between ‘severe
stress’ and ‘staying optimistic’ (r = - 0.45).
 Further mild positive correlation was observed between ‘moderate
stress’ and ‘avoidance’ (r = 0.28).
 A mild negative correlation was observed between ‘mild stress’ and
‘problem solving’, ‘mild stress’ and ‘transference’, ‘severe stress’ and
‘transference’ (r = - 0.21, r = -0.2 and r = - 0.22 respectively).
 Hence the hypothesis; H1 that says “There will be significant
correlation between level of stress and type of coping behaviour
among nursing students is accepted.
 DISCUSSION
1:The first objective was to assess the level of stress among B.Sc
Nursing students of Jammu region.
 Among 180 nursing students that are who have perceived low stress,
have moderate stress and have high level of stress perceived.
 ROL which supports this study.
 The finding of this study is consistent with another research
conducted by Rajesh Kumar and Nancy in 2011. The findings
revealed that students mean PSS 14 score was (43.33 ±
6.22).Majority of the students reported that sometimes during the
last month, they remain upset, unable to control important things of
life, felt nervous or stressed.
2: The second objective of the study was to assess the types of
coping strategies adopted by the B.Sc nursing students to cope
with the stressors.
 The most frequent coping strategy was Staying Optimistic .
 The second coping strategy was Problem solving. The third coping strategy was
transference , while the least used coping strategies was avoidance behaviour.
 ROL which supports this study.
 The finding of this study is consistent with another research conducted by
NaiemehSeyedfatem.et.al in 2007/12to determine sources of stress and coping
strategies in nursing students studying at the Iran facility of nursing and
midwifery. Finding revealed that among coping strategies in 12 areas, the family
solving strategies, trying to reason with parents and compromise (73%) and
going alone with family rules were used often by most students to cope with
engaging in demanding activity, students often are always used to figure out how
to deal with problem (66.4%) and trying to prove themselves (64.5%) . The self
reliance strategy trying to make their own decisions (62%), the social support
strategies (59.6%) were each used often by a majority of students.
3: The third objective of the study was to assess the relationship between level
of stress and coping behaviour among B.Sc Nursing students.
 There was a significant correlation between level of stress and coping behaviour
among nursing students. There was positive moderate correlation between ‘mild
stress’ and avoidance. There was negative moderate correlation observed
between ‘severe stress’ and staying optimistic. Mild positive correlation was
observed between ‘moderate stress’ and avoidance. A negative correlation was
observed between ‘mild stress’ and problem solving, ‘mild stress’ and
transference, ‘severe stress’ and transference.
 ROL which supports this objective.
 The finding of this study is consistent with another research conducted by Mr.
Baba Vajrala.et.al in 2018 on B.Sc nursing students in NRI nursing college
Guntur, toexanimate the level of stress and coping strategies among nursing
students. There was no significant association between levels of stress with age,
gender, religion. There was a significant association between stress and year of
the study. Perceived stress scale mean score (31.33) was high for the first year
B.sc nursing and low mean ((26.28) stress scores among 4th yearB.sc nursing.
There was a significant association between coping strategies and year of study.
The coping strategies were high year after their course and low among 1st year
B.sc nursing students and high among 4th year B.sc nursing students.
 4:The fourth objective of the study was to find the association between levels of
stress with selected demographic variables.
 Results shows that there was significant association between ‘type of family’ and
‘economic support’ and no association was found to rest of the demographic
variables.
 ROL which supports this objective
 The finding of this study is consistent with another research conducted by
Rashmita S. Mistry, et.al in 2009 on family economic stress and academic well-
being among Chinese- American Youth: The influence of Adolescent’s Perceptions
of Economic strain. This study examined the pathways by which family economic
stress influenced youth’s educational outcomes. This study revealed that the
influence of parent report of economic stress on youth academic achievement
(i.e. GPA), school engagement, and positive attitude about education was
mediated through youth’s perceptions of family economic strain and self –
reports of depressive symptom. Youth perceptions of family economic strains
were found to more strongly predict depressive symptoms during later, as
compared to earlier, adolescence.
 SUMMARY
 The study was conducted in Shri Mata Vaishno Devi college of
Nursing, Stephens Institute of Paramedical Science, Bee Enn college
of Nursing and Rajiv Gandhi College of Nursing in Jammu region.
Non- Probability sampling technique (Quota Sampling) was used for
the study. The sample size was 180 B.Sc Nursing students from the
selected colleges.
 The authors of this study assessed the level of stress among BSc
Nursing students, types of coping strategies adopted by the BSc
Nursing students to cope with the stressors, relationship between level
of stress and coping behaviour among Nursing students and
association between levels of stress with selected demographic
variables.
 The instruments used for the data collection were Perceived Stress
Scale (PSS) for assessment of stress and Coping Behaviour Inventory
(CBI) for assessment of different Coping behaviour adopted by the
Nursing students. Stress is any change that causes physical, emotional
or psychological strain and to cope up with those changes people
adopt different coping behaviours.
 Analysis was done by using both descriptive and inferential statistics
 CONCLUSION

 . In conclusion we found out that out of 180 nursing students

25(13.89%) had low stress, 138(76.67%) had moderate stress and
17(09.44%) had high level of stress. We also come to know that the
most frequent coping strategy used by Nursing students was Staying
Optimistic such as focusing on success, so on, while the least used
coping strategy was avoidance behaviour.
 There was positive moderate correlation between ‘mild stress’ and
‘avoidance’’. There was negative moderate correlation observed
between ‘severe stress’ and ‘staying optimistic’. mild positive
correlation was observed between ‘moderate stress’ and
‘avoidance’ . A mild negative correlation was observed between ‘mild
stress’ and ‘problem solving’, ‘mild stress’ and ‘transference’, ‘severe
stress’ and ‘transference’ .
 The study resulted that there is association between stress and type of
family and economic support. And found no association between rest
of the demographic variables.
 LIMITATION
 The study is limited to B.Sc Nursing students of Jammu region who are
studying in various classes (year of study) during 2021.
 RECOMMENDATION
 A similar study can be done on large samples across J&K for wider
generalization of the results.
 A similar study can also be done for GNM, ANM, and Other College going
students (other courses) to assess their level of stress and the coping strategies
used by them
 REFERENCES

 American Thoracic Society. (2021 March 09). Health Status, Health

Perception. https://qol.thoracic.org/sections/key-concepts/health-
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 Very well mind. (2021 March 09). What is Stress? https://
www.verywellmind.com/stress-and-health-3145086
 Center for Studies on Human Stress. Stressors. 2021-04-10.
www.humanstress.ca. Available at:
https://humanstress.ca/stress/what-is-stress/stressors/
 Cherkil, S., Gardens, S. J., &Soman, D. K. (2013). Coping styles and
its association with sources of stress in undergraduate medical
students. Indian journal of psychological medicine, 35(4), 389–393.
https://doi.org/10.4103/0253-7176.122235
 Shanmugam, Gomathi & Jasmindebora, Mr &Baba, (2017). Impact
Of Stress On Nursing Students. International journal of innovative
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