ENGLISH 10

RODELIO C. CANDELARIA
Subject Teacher
 Use information from news
reports, speeches, informative
talks, panel discussions, etc. in
everyday conversations and
exchanges
EN10LC-Ia-11.1
Write the complete word YES if you have already acquired the
listening skill, the complete word NO if you haven’t and the
complete word IMPROVING if you are still developing the
listening skill.
1. I make eye contact when I am being talked to.
2. I carefully study the gestures and facial expressions
to fully understand the person I am conversing with.
3. I listen with the goal of fully understanding the
speaker’s point of view.
4. I refrain from interrupting.
5. I am not distracted by anything the speaker has my
full attention.
Write the complete word YES if you have already acquired the
listening skill, the complete word NO if you haven’t and the
complete word IMPROVING if you are still developing the
listening skill.
6. I try to listen intently to remember the speaker’s
important points.
7. I remain neutral and open minded while listening to
the speaker.
8. I refrain from judging the message of others.
9. I give time to the person I am conversing with to
express her thoughts before I ask questions.
10. I listen to improve relationship with others
 Information Gathering through
Listening for Everyday Life Usage
• One of your major responsibilities is to
gather information related to the subjects
that you are studying. You read your
textbooks, watch informative medias, and
even listen to news reports in order to fully
understand not only your academic topics
but as well as what’s happening around you.
 Information Gathering through
Listening for Everyday Life Usage
• Information gathering is the act of getting
varied kinds of information for a
particular reason or purpose. The type of
information you are trying to obtain, as
well as the people or other resources
providing the information will determine
which techniques you should use.
 The common methods in gathering
information are the following:
1. Listening
2. Reading
3. Interviews
4. Questioning
5. Questionnaires
6. Observation
7. Study of existing reports
• In the present-day society, there is a great
and urgent need for access and
availability of accurate information
because it is an aid in decision making,
policy making or simply increasing the
knowledge of the information recipient.
Thus, noting details plays crucial part in
gathering truthful information for
everyday life usage.
• You can gather information from news
reports, speeches, informative talks, panel
discussions and many other more. You can
note details using the Cornell method
wherein as you listen to the informative
talks you divide the paper in two columns.
The first column is used to enter key or
cue words while the second is the notes
column for recording ideas and facts.
• The Outlining Method organizes information
into main topic and subtopic by using
numbers, roman numerals, and letters. Mind
Mapping Method is the method to see the
“big picture” and how information relates to
one another. This method uses diagram
which represents words, ideas, tasks, or
other items linked to and arranged radially
around a central key word.
• Listening is a significant skill you
should have. How well you listen has
a major influence on study
effectiveness, and on the quality of
your relationships with others. For
example, we listen to obtain
information, to understand, for
enjoyment and to learn.
• Gonzalez (2017) defined informational
listening as listening with the goal of
learning, understanding, and grasping
information. It is considered a passive
form of listening because the listener is
not judging, criticizing, or evaluating
the message but is simply listening to
understand it.
• For example, Maria is listening to an
informative talk about the modern
cultural trends of her fellow millennials.
In order to effectively engage in
informational listening, Maria must keep
her conservative traditional beliefs at bay
in order to abstain from judging and
critiquing the message her classmate is
trying to convey.
• Tay (2020) identifies some of the effective informational
listening approaches which are:
• Info listening. Make sure you receive the same thoughts
which speakers are trying to convey.
• Don't judge or argue prematurely. Try to understand the
speaker's ideas before judging them.
• Look for key ideas. Listen carefully to the speaker to find
out the main ideas that he or she is trying to convey.
• Paraphrase. Restate in your own words the message of the
speaker. Repeating the speaker’s words as he or she says
them will strengthen his or her message and help you to
stay attentive.
• Gonzalez (2020) also added that informational
listening helps us learn, become keener, and become
better at what we do in life. Consequently, it is clear
that improving skills that develop our informational
listening abilities is advantageous to our lives. Other
skills that help with informational listening are :
• Knowledge of Vocabulary. The more words we know,
the more we can understand. Therefore, increasing
mastery of vocabulary through techniques like
learning a new word a day or reading books can
contribute in being a good informational listener.
• Concentration. We must know that in order to concentrate,
we need to be motivated to focus, stay disciplined in the face
of distractions, actively and mentally say no to distractions,
and accept responsibility in getting the task at hand
accomplished. Informational listening requires immense
concentration.
• Memory. With good memory, we can recall experiences and
information from our lives to help make sense of information
in informational listening.
• Refraining from Judgment. This skill requires an open mind.
If we begin judging and jumping to conclusions when
attempting to properly listen and retain information, our
mind will wander and possibly miss valuable pieces of
information.
• Organization. This means identifying key concepts from
auditory information and mentally organizing them into
an outline so that you can better understand and
remember material.
• Asking Questions. If listening to a panel discussion, asking
mental questions to further grasp the information as the
speakers are talking can mean that the listener is truly
comprehending the information that is being said.
• Taking Notes. This is a common skill that enhances
informational listening in school. One valuable tip in
taking notes is to only write down key concepts and terms
instead of trying to write down everything that is being
said.
 ACTIVITY
• Listen to the audio recording of Emma
Watson’s speech about gender inequality
through the link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Q0Dg226G2Z8 and fill-in-the-blanks to
complete the transcript. You may choose your
answers from the option box and verify them
as you listen.
 Determine the effect of textual
aids like advance organizers,
titles, non-linear illustrations,
etc. on the understanding of a text

EN10RC-Ia-2.15.2
 Textual aids
• refer to non-textual elements that help
readers understand the content of the text.
They also refer to elements that stand out
from the main text such as titles and
subtitles, bold, italicized and underlined
texts. Non-textual elements include
illustrations, maps, tables, graphs and charts.
 Textual aids
• These aids have two main functions,
namely: first, to direct the readers’
attention to important ideas in the
text and second, to provide more
information as a supplement to what
is already written.
 Appraise the unity of plot,
setting and characterization in a
material viewed to achieve the
writer’s purpose

EN10VC-IVc-29
• When you talk about a film you have
watched, there is always a storyline
creatively written by its writer. This
storyline is made up of different elements
that coherently keep the story together.
Let us review some of these elements.
• The first is characters. In every story, there
are different types of characters. They may
be human beings in conflict with each other
such as the protagonists and the antagonists.
In some stories, you also see supernatural
beings, animals or even inanimate objects as
characters.
• Related to this element, is the term
characterization. This is the process by
which a writer reveals the personality
of a character. This is achieved by the
writer directly telling the viewers what
a character is like.
• For example, the dialogue “Michelle has always
been a smug, wicked princess” is an explicit
characterization. On the other hand, an indirect
characterization relies on the reader to discover
what the character is like. It doesn’t use verbal
descriptions of a character, rather it relies on the
behavior, speech, and appearance of the character.
• Secondly, the setting is also an important story
element. Now, there maybe more than one setting in
a movie, and that is normal as the plot of the story
develops.
• Setting can be a combination of a place of
occurrence, the time in which the event takes place,
a historical period, and even the weather described
in the story.
• Some are specific like Mt. Olympus
where gods and goddesses from
Greek mythology are seen, while
others are descriptive such as a ship
on its maiden voyage in the ocean.
• Last but not the least, is the plot of the film.
Without the plot, there is really no story to
be told. The plot is the story sequence where
the characters systematically plays their
roles. It is also where the setting acts a
supporting element in the development of
the story.
• A plot has a beginning, middle and end –
with all the necessary descriptions called
exposition – so that the viewer can make
sense of the action and follow the story line.
This is where another important element
appears – the conflict. This refers to the
struggle between opposing forces in a story.
 FILM GENRE
• By definition, a film genre is the term
categorizing a film based on some stylistic
criteria. From there, sub-genres are developed.
The category of a film indirectly assists in
shaping the characters and the story of the
movie. The shaping determines the plot and
setting used. Here are the basic film genres.
• Take note that film genres can sometimes
be difficult to identify because genres tend
to overlap. Take the case of superhero-
themed films where it can be categorized as
an action type genre but also as sci-fi when
the story involves Science in the story plot.
 The General Purposes of the
Author
• Stephen King, a well-known American author, says,
“Description begins in the writer’s imagination, but should
finish in the reader’s.”
• King explained that a writer is responsible in translating
what he sees in his mind into words on pages. If he does
this effectively, then the reader can experience what he (the
writer) has penned in his story. In other words, his purpose
of writing is revealed to the reader through his narration
and description of the different story elements unified.
 The General Purposes of the
Author
• Now in relation to film, what could be a
screenplay writer’s purpose in scripting a
story for a film?
• Generally, a film has the purposes of to
entertain and to inform. It goes hand in
hand with why an audience want to watch a
film – to be entertained and to be informed.
 The General Purposes of the
Author
• Most of the time, something that we view for
information purposes can be easily identified.
Simply because the writer’s purpose is directly and
explicitly known from its genre or its theme. For
example, documentary films often feature
biographies of well-known personalities like civil-
rights leaders, president of a nation or even an
ordinary individual who made an extra- ordinary
contribution to the welfare of society.
 The General Purposes of the
Author
• On the other hand, to entertain
does not necessarily mean to
create a pleasant feeling such as
when watching those ‘feel-good’
type of movies like comedies or
those ‘happily ever after’ films.
 The General Purposes of the
Author
• Screenwriters (or television writers if referring
to a writer for a television show) usually
specializes in a genre. For instance, if the
writer wants the audience to be frightened in
one scene of the film, then the writer will
develop a creepy characterization – this
includes a character’s appearance, behavior
and manner of speaking.
 The General Purposes of the
Author
• Also, a frightening physical setting coupled with dark-
themed backgrounds, and of course a chilling, spooky
plot. When these story elements are in consonance
with the film genre, then you realize that the writer’s
purpose is to generally entertain its audience through a
horror film. The writer has been able to successfully
achieve his purpose for entertaining the audience by
seamlessly unifying the characterization of characters,
the setting and the storyline through the plot.
 A look at a movie scene
• On a deeper perspective however, a writer might want to
evoke a certain emotion from the viewers. For example, a
scene in the movie, Dead Poets Society. Keating, the
teacher, was fired from his job because one of his
students died and he was blamed. Todd, a student,
believes that his teacher was not at fault, so he stood to
his desk as other students follow suit. Then, Todd,
recited, “Oh captain, my captain” as a clever way to
address his teacher. In this scene, Todd is mourning the
loss of his hero - his teacher.
 A look at a movie scene
• Like other films, the setting plays an important role in
communicating the writer’s purpose. This is because
it serves to anchor the story plot and characterization
of actors. In other words, it gives context to the film.
This particular scene in Dead Poets Society utilizes
the classroom, that symbolizes a place of knowledge,
to portray teacher-students relationship and how the
learnings they have gained from their teacher made
an impact to their sense of justice and free speech.
 A look at a movie scene
• So, what do you think is the writer’s purpose in this
iconic movie scene? Well, there may be more than one.
Probably, the writer wants the audience to realize the
greatness of a teacher – a teacher who inspires his student
and makes a difference in their lives. Also, the writer
would like to tell the audience that it is ok to stand up for
what you believe is right, just like what Todd and his
classmates did as they stood on top of the desks in their
classroom. These two purposes can be claimed as
subtexts of the film.
 A look at a movie scene
• A subtext is an underlying message, theme, or
metaphor being conveyed through the
dialogues, images, background music, or even
the whole film itself. These are not directly
stated but rather realized by the audience as
they appraise the characterizations, the
settings, and the story plot.
 Compare and contrast the
contents of the materials viewed
with outside sources of
information in terms of
accessibility and effectiveness

EN10VC-IVa-15
MOVIES
VS
TEXT
• It is important for you learners to be able to
compare and contrast ideas found in multiple
sources to enable them to identify conflicting
information and consistent information and
critically evaluate sources. When you can
compare and contrast information, you can
already make inferences and draw conclusions
about topics.
•Comparing and contrasting
information from multiple
sources allows you to get a
more comprehensive view
of topics.
•Let us take for example the popular
magical movie of J.K. Rowlings, “Harry
Potter” movie series. The author had
written the story and published it to be
read by people of all ages. Then, it was
made into movies which hit the
billboards of cinemas.
•Movies are made to entertain us. Likewise, the
books. These two (2) have similar genres. What
are “genres.”
•According to Webster’s Encyclopedic
Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language
defines genre as “a category of artistic, musical,
or literary composition characterized by a
particular style, form, or content.”
• Genres of a short story text and movies
are the same, they are both comedy,
romance, magical and historical. They
both are in fiction and non-fiction.
• Examples: Harry Potter – magical, The
Notebook – romance, Heneral Luna –
historical, and others.
• These movies are all based and adapted from books.
Most likely, there are differences between each book
and its movies.
• Aside from the given examples, there are some
similarities and difference of stories in texts from
movies.
• Comparing and contrasting these 2 will help us a lot in
understanding a story.
• Let us use the familiar Venn Diagram to identify the
similarities and differences of these 2.
As we can see clearly the similarities and differences of a story from books
and from movies adaptation, it makes us understand that stories would
give us points on which of these 2 are effective to make our
comprehension skills be developed.
ACTIVITY:
• Direction: Identify the
picture shown and write
the title of the movie.
Please use a clean sheet
of paper for your answers.
HARRY POTTER
TWILIGHT
HUNGER GAMES
DA VINCI CODE
LORD OF THE RINGS
MEDUSA
PERSEUS
PRIDE AND PREJUDICE
• The activity above shows that movies are adapted from
books. There are a lot of differences and similarities that
we can see from them. It was already explained above
using the Venn Diagram.
• Books would give the story in details. from the characters
until to the scene and ending. However, it is rich in text
and seldom will you be having pictures of it. Comparingly
to the movies/films adaptations, it gives us a view of the
scenes used in the story. Likewise, famous characters will
be portraying the roles. It will be more entertaining
watching the movie.
Activity: “I Am A Hero/Heroine”
• Instruction: Think about the most
difficult problem that you have ever
faced. then, on a clean piece of paper,
draw three (3) symbols of what inspired
you or helped you overcome that
problem. After you draw/illustrations
explain each symbol.
 Print
Vs
Web Source
• Understanding how to assess the
credibility of the information you come
across in your study and research is
essential. More information is at our
fingertips than ever before and the
amount of information makes it even
harder to determine which information
can be trusted.
• As the terms: post truth, fake news,
and alternative facts, become
increasingly prevalent in social
discourse and the public sphere it is
essential that you develop the skills to
critically evaluate information
yourself.
•If you were writing an
essay about gender equality,
would you be more likely to
select a journal article
written in 1990 or 2020?
•When investigating new information,
it is extremely important to consider
the source, or the origin from which
something is obtained. When you are
investigating a topic, the sources are
just as important as the information
itself.
•One way to analyze sources is
through comparing and
contrasting. Compare means
to determine the similarities,
and contrast means to
determine the differences.
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• There is no electricity, and

Mayor Benjamine Magalong
needs to know what the
weather is like in Baguio today.
What resource should he use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Miss Cherrie has a report on

the different types of volcanoes
to better understand Mt. Taal.
What resource should she use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Kim Chui needs to find the

meaning of the longest word
“Pneumonoultramicroscopicsil
icovolcanoconiosis”. What
resource should she use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Harry loves to read books by

J.K Rowling. What should he
use to find the books written
by his favorite author?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Azriel loves to watch the

NBA. He wants to know the
score for the game last night.
What resource should he use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES
• The government imposed a
community quarantine in Baguio
City, people are not allowed to go
out. What resource should I use
to order my favorite milk tea?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Coco Martin wants to find out

how to pronounce the words
“Seashell”. What resource
should he use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• The Malucay family is buying

a new Toyota Hilux. They need
the telephone number of the
company. What resource
should they use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Axel wants to know the latest

update on the cases of Covid-
19 in Baguio City. What
resource should he use?
 FAMILIARIZING WITH SOURCES

• Rodrigo likes to know how

typhoons were formed,
especially that it is already wet
season in the Philippines. What
resource should he use?
• A print source is exactly as its name
suggests - material that has been
printed and can be produced in a hard
copy. Examples of print sources are
books, magazines, scholarly journals,
and newspapers. These materials are
commonly found in a physical library
when doing academic research.
• In doing a research paper, look for
non-fictions or informational print
sources. Non-fiction print sources
can vary widely in the audience
they target or the amount of
information they provide.
• However, printed sources have one
benefit. They generally have been
through some type of critical review
process that prevents poor material
from reaching the library shelves. In
other words, some type of quality
control has typically taken place in
order for publication to occur.
• Unfortunately, this does not give
you the green light to use any
book or magazine you find in a
library. You must still evaluate
how relevant a print resource is to
your topic as well as its reliability.
• While there is no definite tool that can be used to
gauge the reliability of all information, there are
numbers of memory devices that can help you
remember key factors to consider. One device is
the CRAAP test, developed by the Meriam
Library at California State University, Chico.
analyzing the C.R.A.A.P (Currency, Relevance,
Authority, Accuracy, Purpose) in a print and web
source can help you determine its credibility and
suitability.