RADIO AND TV PRODUCTION

JOURNALISM VS. NEWS VS.

INFORMATION
• JOURNALISM – is the activity of gathering,
assessing, creating, and presenting news and
information. It is also the product of these
activities.

• NEWS – a report of recent events, of a new

information.
JOURNALISM VS. NEWS VS. INFORMATION

• INFORMATION – organized, meaningful and

useful interpretation of dat.
WHAT IS NEWS?
BASIC IMPORTANCE OF MEDIA IN SOCIETY

• WE HELP PEOPLE TO DECIDE IF

THEY WILL BELIEVE IN US.

• WE ARE THE “WATCHDOG”

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Immediacy
Reporting something that has just happened
or is about to happen. Time is a strong
ingredient, "today, yesterday, early this
morning, tomorrow." The newness of the
occurrence makes up "immediacy" in the
news.
 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Proximity
Facts and occurrences that are important to
you personally; inflation, the Iran situation
particularly if one of the hostages is someone
you know or a family member of a close
friend, the closing of a fire station close to
your home. (yung lapit ng pinangyarihan)
 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Prominence
Prominence as a news element is well-known
to most of us. The public figure, holders of
public office, people of renown or those who
stimulate our curiosity, people in positions of
influence all enjoy news prominence.
 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Oddity:
Oddity is often news. The bizarre, the unusual, the
unexpected often make news. Generally those
people who perform striking feats in emergency
situations are news, such as a woman lifting an
automobile off her child, traveling around the world
in a sailboat. In journalism, oddity is defined as the
"man bites dog" formula. Consider the reported
rabbit attack on President Carter. That certainly
made the "news."
 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
• Conflict
Conflict is one element most observed in
todays with the clash of ideologies making
headlines worldwide. Although most
businesses and organizations shy away from
the reporting of conflict, it is understandable
that this element is firmly based in the news
formula.
 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
Suspense
Suspense creates and expands news appeal. The
outcome of the Iranian hostages is suspenseful
news. For the most part, organizations would
rarely experience this type of circumstance. It is
helpful to remember that news suspense is not the
same as mystery suspense. However, mystery
suspense in news does occur when a crime has
been committed and the search is on for a suspect.
 ELEMENTS OF NEWS
Emotions
Emotions are a news element commonly called
"human interest" stories that stir our recognition
of the basic needs both psychological and
physical. Stories that prompt the reader toward
sympathy, anger or other emotions in all their
variety are commonly handled in feature-type
stories. Organizations should be alert to the
possibilities of "human interest" stories.
 PROGRAMMING
• MAIN GOAL IS QUALITY OF OUTPUT
• NEWS PROGRAM
• TIME SLOT MIND SETTINGS
(morning, afternoon, evening)
• ATTRACTIVE IN THE EYES AND EARS
 PROGRAMMING
• STINGERS, BUMPERS AND TEASERS
• NAME OF NEWS PROGRAM (dapat hindi
CORNY pakinggan ha?)
• DOMINANT COLOR AND LOGO FOR TV
• PROGRAM PEG
ABS-CBN (pang-Sosyal)
GMA (pang-Masa)
TV5 (pang-Kalye)
 MANNING
FOR TV PRODUCTION
NEWS ANCHOR
REPORTERS (beat system)
SCRIPT WRITER
NEWS EDITORS
CAMERAMAN
AUDIOMAN
 MANNING
FOR RADIO PRODUCTION
NEWS ANCHOR
REPORTERS (beat system)
SCRIPT WRITER
TECHNICIAN
 MANNING
FOR RADIO PRODUCTION
NEWS ANCHOR
REPORTERS (beat system)
SCRIPT WRITER
TECHNICIAN

Who do you think is the MOST IMPORTANT

member of a production?
 SCRIPT WRITING
• SCRIPT IS VERY IMPORTANT IN NEWS
PROGRAM (yung dami at konti ng words sa isang
News Report ay posibleng magkaroon ng maling
interpretation)
• CONSIDER THE CLASS OF YOUR LISTENERS
WHILE WRITING A NEWS SCRIPT
• THE AMOUNT OF TIME IS VERY LIMITED
• REPEATING WORDS IN A SCRIPT MAY DECREASE
THE IMPORTANCE OF A STORY
 SCRIPT WRITING
• WHAT IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SHORT STORY
AND NEWS STORY?

SHORT STORY – NARRATIVE, SIMPLE AND THE

STORY ENDS AFTER THE CLIMAX.

NEWS STORY – START WITH TH CLIMAX, AND

LEAVES THE DETAILS FOR THE CLOSING
SENTENCES.
 SCRIPT WRITING
CONTENT OF NEWS
WHAT? What is the event. What happened.
WHEN? When it occurred. At what time it took place?
WHERE? The place where it occurred.
WHO? The persons involved.
WHY? The reason of that particular issue.
HOW? The sequence of the event.
SO? What will happen next?
 SCRIPT WRITING
CHARACTERISTICS OF WRITING
CORRECTNESS – The accuracy of facts
CLARITY – Clear, precise language (the listeners
cannot re-hear the broadcast, so they must
understand it the first time)
CONVERSATIONAL – People must agree or disagree
COLOR – painting pictures in their imagination
Slang and Colorful writing must be discouraged.
 SCRIPT WRITING
STORY STRUCTURE
CLIMAX – gives the listeners the point of the story
in about the same way the lead of a print stories
does; it tells the listeners what happened.
CAUSE – tells why the story happened –
circumstance surrounds the event.
EFFECT – gives the listeners the context of the story
and possibly some insights about what the story
means.
 SCRIPT WRITING

THE BROADCAST NEWS STORIES CANNOT GO

IN THE DETAIL AND EXPLANATION THAT
PRINT AND WEB STORIES CAN.
 SCRIPT WRITING
STYLE OF WRITING
• Titles usually comes before names.
DR. JOSE RIZAL, MAYOR LUCILO BAYRON.

• Avoid abbreviation in the first time you will used it.

PPSRNP, PNRC, PCGPD

• Use proper punctuations.

 SCRIPT WRITING
STYLE OF WRITING
• Numbers and Statistics should be rounded off.
Numbers from ONE to NINE should be spelled
out.
10 to 999 should be written in numerals.
Thousand should be wrote like this:
15 Thousand not 15,000, ONE THOUSAND
Don’t write , A BILLION, A MILLION instead, ONE
BILLION, TWO MILLION, 15 MILLION
 SCRIPT WRITING
STYLE OF WRITING
• AVOID EXTERNAL DESCRIPTION
US PRESIDENT and CHIEF OF THE ….

• AVOID PRONOUN IF POSSIBLE

I, ME, HIS, HIM, HER

• AVOID “THE” “A” in the first sentence of your script.

• AVOID USING SAME PRONUNCIATION BUT DIFFERENT MEANING.

“Cite, Site, Sight”