Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 62

Introduction To Industrial Power

Plant ME116P
INDUSTRIAL PLANT
ENGINEERING

WEEK 1
2022-2023/2T

Prepared by:
Engr. Manuel B. Rustria
November 24, 2022
11/24/2022 1
Objectives
 Differentiate industrial plant from a central power plant station;
 Define industrial plant engineering and explain the basic design
concepts of industrial plant systems and equipment; and
 Enumerate the roles of mechanical engineers in an industrial
plant.

11/24/2022 2
Industrial Plant and
Central Power Station
11/24/2022 3
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Industrial plants are


buildings on
industrial labor.

11/24/2022 4
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing


plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings
and machinery, or more commonly a complex having
several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or
operate machines processing one product into another.

11/24/2022 5
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during


the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space
requirements became too great for cottage industry or
workshops.

11/24/2022 6
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Early factories that contained small amounts of


machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer
than a dozen workers have been called “glorified
workshops.”
 Most modern factories have large warehouses or
warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment
used for assembly line production.
11/24/2022 7
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple


modes of transportation with some having rail highway
and water loading and unloading facilities.

11/24/2022 8
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Factories may either make discrete products of some type


of material continuously produced such as chemicals,
pulp and paper or refined oil products.
 Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called plants
and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure
vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors
and operated from control rooms.
11/24/2022 9
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Oil refineries have most of their equipment outdoors.


 Discrete products may be final consumer goods, or parts
and sub-assemblies which are made into final products
elsewhere.
 Factories may be supplied parts from elsewhere or make
them from raw materials.
11/24/2022 10
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 Continuous production industries typically use heat or


electricity to transform streams of raw materials into
finished products.

11/24/2022 11
Industrial Plant and Central
FACTORY)
Power
INDUSTRIAL PLANT Station
(MANUFACTURING PLANT OR

 The term mill originally referred to the milling of grain,


which usually used natural resources such as water or
wind power until those were displaced by steam power in
the 19th century.
 Because many processes like spinning and weaving, iron
rolling, and paper manufacturing were originally powered
by water, the term survives as in steel mill, paper mill, etc.
11/24/2022 12
Industrial Plant and Central
Power Station
INDUSTRIAL PLANT (MANUFACTURING PLANT OR FACTORY)

11/24/2022 13
Industrial Plant and Central
Power Station
INDUSTRIAL PLANT (MANUFACTURING PLANT OR FACTORY)

11/24/2022 14
Industrial Plant and Central
Power Station
INDUSTRIAL PLANT (MANUFACTURING PLANT OR FACTORY)

11/24/2022 15
Industrial Plant and Central
Power Station
INDUSTRIAL PLANT (MANUFACTURING PLANT OR FACTORY)

11/24/2022 16
Industrial Plant and Central
Power Station
INDUSTRIAL PLANT (MANUFACTURING PLANT OR FACTORY)

11/24/2022 17
Industrial Plant and Central
Power Station
INDUSTRIAL PLANT (MANUFACTURING PLANT OR FACTORY)

11/24/2022 18
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station
 A power station, also referred to as a power
plant or powerhouse and sometimes generating
station or generating plant, is an industrial facility for
the generation of electric power.
 Most power stations contain one or more generators, a
rotating machine that converts mechanical
power into electrical power.
11/24/2022 19
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station
 The relative motion between a magnetic field and
a conductor creates an electrical current.
 The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies
widely.
 Most power stations in the world burn fossil fuels such
as coal, oil, and natural gas to generate electricity.

11/24/2022 20
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station
 Others use nuclear power, but there is an increasing use
of cleaner renewable sources such as solar, wind, wave
and hydroelectric.

11/24/2022 21
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station
 Others use nuclear power, but there is an increasing use
of cleaner renewable sources such as solar, wind, wave
and hydroelectric.

11/24/2022 22
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station

11/24/2022 23
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station

11/24/2022 24
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station

11/24/2022 25
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station

11/24/2022 26
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station

11/24/2022 27
Industrial Plant and Central
POWER STATION Power Station

11/24/2022 28
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
11/24/2022 29
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Physical objects all came into being through the creative
application of technology.
 These everyday inventions did not miraculously appear
but originated in the minds of human beings and took
time to develop.

11/24/2022 30
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Engineering is the creative process of turning abstract
ideas into physical representations (products or systems).
 What distinguishes engineers from painters, poets, or
sculptors is that engineers apply their creative energies to
producing products or systems that meet human needs.
 This creative act is called design.

11/24/2022 31
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Engineering is the creative process of turning abstract
ideas into physical representations (products or systems).
 What distinguishes engineers from painters, poets, or
sculptors is that engineers apply their creative energies to
producing products or systems that meet human needs.
 This creative act is called design.

11/24/2022 32
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Most engineering designs can be classified as inventions-
devices or systems that are created by human effort and
did not exist before or are improvements over existing
devices or systems.
 Inventions, or designs, do not suddenly appear from
nowhere. They are the result of bringing together
technologies to meet human needs or to solve problems.

11/24/2022 33
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Sometimes a design is the result of someone trying to do
a task more quickly or efficiently.
 Design activity occurs over a period of time and requires a
step-by-step methodology.

11/24/2022 34
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Engineers primarily are problem solvers.
 What distinguishes design from other types of problem
solving is the nature of both the problem and the solution.
 Design problems are open ended in nature, which means
they have more than one correct solution.
 The result or solution to a design problem is a system that
possesses specified properties.

11/24/2022 35
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Design problems are usually more vaguely defined than
analysis problems.
• “Determine the maximum height of a snowball given
an initial velocity and release height.” This is an
analysis problem because it has only one answer.
• "Design a device to launch a 1-pound snowball to a
height of at least 160 feet," this analysis problem
becomes a design problem.
11/24/2022 36
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
• The solution to the design problem is a system having
specified properties (able to launch a snowball 160 feet),
whereas the solution to the analysis problem consisted of the
properties of a given system (the height of the snowball).
• The solution to a design problem is therefore open ended,
since there are many possible devices that can launch a
snowball to a given height.
• The original problem had a single solution: the maximum
height of the snowball, determined from the specified initial
conditions.
11/24/2022 37
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Solving design problems is often an iterative process: As
the solution to a design problem evolves, refining the
design continues.

11/24/2022 38
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
THE DESIGN PROCESS
 The five steps used for solving design problems are:
1. Define the problem
2. Gather pertinent information
3. Generate multiple solutions
4. Analyze and select a solution
5. Test and implement the solution
11/24/2022 39
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 The first step in the design process is the problem
definition.
 This definition usually contains a listing of the product or
customer requirements and specially information about
product functions and features among other things.
 In the next step, relevant information for the design of
the product and its functional specifications is obtained

11/24/2022 40
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 A survey regarding the availability of similar products in
the market should be performed at this stage.
 Once the details of the design are clearly identified, the
design team with inputs from test, manufacturing, and
marketing teams generates multiple alternatives to
achieve the goals and the requirements of the design.
 Considering cost, safety, and other criteria for selection,
the more promising alternatives are selected for further
analysis.
11/24/2022 41
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 Detail design and analysis step enables a complete study
of the solutions and result in identification of the final
design that best fits the product requirements.
 Following this step, a prototype of the design is
constructed and functional tests are performed to verify
and possibly modify the design.

11/24/2022 42
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
 When solving a design problem, others may find at any
point in the process that they need to go back to a
previous step.
 The solution chosen may prove unworkable for any
number of reasons and may require redefining the
problem, collecting more information, or generating
different solutions.
 This continuous iterative process is represented in the
following Figure.
11/24/2022 43
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts
THE DESIGN PROCESS

11/24/2022 44
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 45
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 46
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 47
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 48
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 49
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 50
Industrial Plant Engineering and
Basic Design Concepts

11/24/2022 51
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in
an Industrial Plant
11/24/2022 52
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in
 Oil and Gas
an Industrial Plant

11/24/2022 53
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
 Oil and Gas
Industrial Plant

11/24/2022 54
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
Industrial
 Automotive Industry
Plant

11/24/2022 55
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
Industrial Plant
 Automotive Industry

11/24/2022 56
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
Industrial
 Pharmaceutical Industry
Plant

11/24/2022 57
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
Industrial
 Pharmaceutical Industry
Plant

11/24/2022 58
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
Industrial
 Main Sectors Industry in Europe
Plant

11/24/2022 59
Roles of Mechanical Engineers in an
Industrial
 Main Sectors Industry in Europe
Plant

11/24/2022 60
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_desi
gn_process

11/24/2022 61
Righteousness exalts a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people. (NKJV)

END.
11/24/2022 62

You might also like