THIARA GWYNETH R.

TUGADO
E LY S S A C I E N G . M A N I C A N I
ANGELA MAE J. BACULOT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
We’d like to propose a less-toxic and
safer rodenticide. Our product proposes
for the utilization of the chemical
reaction of baking soda being an acid
catalyst as the main base of this
rodenticide with the consideration of the
rats bodily anatomy.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
We started to plan this proposal; September of
2022, as we were tasked to propose a research
study. Upon that, the thought of invasive species
came up. Rats are menaces to both urban and
suburban living for a long time, not only that but as
well as to the environmental balance. So, the
researchers decided to test the efficacy of baking
soda as a base for a rodenticide.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Upon this study, the researchers would use an
experimental research design for the making of the
rodenticide pellet, with a mixture of baking soda
(Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate), Warfarin , and
Peanut butter. As with the stated effects these have
towards rodents, this supports the theory of the
researchers, which is: a liable and less toxic
rodenticide.
I. INTRODUCTION
RATIONALE

With rats being an invasive species throughout the globe,

they are a known cause of hazards, both to the health of
humans and the eco system. With sources from different
literatures and many more articles, the vulnerability of rats to
CO2 poisoning is evident. Carbon dioxide, to which sodium
bicarbonate is known to produce when mixed with acids,
comes a less toxic product to both secondary consumers and
to the surrounding humans, as this is the goal of the study.
RATIONALE
To achieve the goal of this study, will be done by
making a baking soda as based pellet which should
catalyze with the acids within the rats digestive
system. Knowing what studies have shown about
rats being unable to pass gas, this pellet would aim
to cause internal damages to the rodent. Hence,
causing it to die, making the rodenticide effective.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Humans' interactions with rats are
understood to cause dangerous
allergies. 82% of homes are found to
possess a lot of trace amounts of mouse
urine. The chemicals and substances in
a mouse's urine could cause allergies in
humans and spread leptospirosis, a
bacterial disease that affects both
humans and animals.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Having a non-toxic and less costly rodenticide
will be primarily helpful in lessening the
population of these invasive rodents. Suppose the
study of sodium bicarbonate as a liable base for a
rodenticide, as well as aims to answer the
question: Is Sodium Hydrogen Bicarbonate an
effective alternative base for rodenticides?
SCIENTIFIC BASIS
Baking soda is an alkaline compound that, when
combined with an acid, will produce carbon dioxide
gas. Common acids used to cause this reaction
include vinegar, lemon juice, buttermilk, yogurt, and
cream of tartar and even digestive acids can cause a
similar reaction. Since rats cannot pass gas, it will just
build up within their digestive system. Eventually, it
will cause a rupture or blockage.
SCIENTIFIC BASIS
Since rats have a powerful barrier between the stomach
and esophagus, they don't have the esophageal muscle
strength to open this barrier by force. Burping requires
that the two muscles of the diaphragm contract
independently, but rats give no evidence of being able to
dissociate the activity of these two muscles. The carbon
dioxide caused by the ingestion of baking soda is likely
to cause internal damage, which may result in the death
of the rodent.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Preparation of Collection of
Collection of Making of
Rodenticide test subjects
materials testing cage
pellets (rats)

Observation of
chemical and Implementation
Data analysis digestive activity of
of project
rats in reaction to the
pellet
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
The human and rat digestive systems share many
similarities in terms of the structure and function of
the organs. The importance of this lies in cognition,
mechanical and chemical (enzymatic) digestion, and
the absorption of nutrients in the body. If rats only
consume 2-3 grams of the chemical, humans should
not eat more than 60–90 grams to avoid poisoning
their systems.
OBJECTIVES

General Objectives
- To Identify the chemical and bodily
reaction in rats to the Sodium Hydrogen
Carbonate based rodenticide.
OBJECTIVES
Specific Objectives
- The researcher aims to ensure a way of exterminating rats
with baking soda based pellets.
- To study and evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate to
the bodily systems of the rodent.
- Compare the reaction and toxicity of the Baking soda
rodenticide pellets to regular rodenticides.
III. METHODOLOGY
PROTOCOL OF THE STUDY
Sodium bicarbonate is a less toxic material both pre
and post death of the rodent, with it being an alkaline
compound. Current rodenticides are highly toxic to
both humans and scavenging predators, as the corpse
still remains toxic for a couple of days. In order to
minimize the hazards caused by sewer rats, as well as
lessen the risk factors of a human ingesting toxic
rodenticides, this chemical has been developed.
PROTOCOL OF THE STUDY
In this case, the researchers need to analyze the effects of
the carbon dioxide build up within the body of the rodent
after the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate for it to be a
reliable rodenticide. The study will be done in a laboratory,
in EVRSHS. Under the advisory of Research Teacher Mrs.
Mariam Milagros Gomez as we proceed and execute the
experiment, and test the effects of the rodenticide, as well
as compare the effects and toxicity of the pellet to other
rodenticides.
RESEARCH DESIGN
In this project, the researchers plan to use an
experimental research design as a way to collect
data for the efficacy of Sodium Hydrogen
Carbonate as a less toxic rodenticide base by
making a pellet type rodenticide with sodium
bicarbonate. This will be done through feeding rats
the pellet made by the researchers.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The rats would then under go tests to justify the outcome the
researchers aim to receive by placing the rats in a three
passage confinement area where the baking soda based
pellet (pellet A), and common rodenticides (rodenticide B
and C) will be placed at the end of each passage way to see
which rodenticide the rats would be lured towards more.
After concluding the first test, the researchers, would then
be observed for the results of the rodenticides and in
comparison of pellet A to rodenticide B and C.
SAMPLE COLLECTION

Baking Warfarin Peanut Butter

Soda
ETHICAL ISSUES
Western societies generally regard animals as
moral objects, demands have been made on
how they are treated rodent control methods
should not lead to intense pain or discomfort,
and any discomfort should have a short
duration and should allow escaped rodents to
lead a natural life.
ETHICAL ISSUES
Until now, animal welfare has been a secondary
consideration in pest control. This review looks at previous
research on CO2-induced rodent deaths. Ideally, entails the
capture and restraint of an animal with minimal distress.
The induction of immediate and permanent insensibility
with no or minimal distress to the animal. One is to
abandon the criteria used in animal experimentation; the
other is to apply these criteria to rodent control.
ETHICAL ISSUES
The ideal method of disposing of carcasses is
aesthetically pleasing, cost-effective and simple for
nonveterinary personnel to perform without extensive
training. The ideal agent would pose no or minimal
risks to the person performing the procedure, cause no
damage or residues that might interfere with
examination or future use of the carcasses, and generate
no residues after they were disposed of.
RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK
Rat caused asthma and allergies.
Warfarin toxicity (Humans size intake)
Rat waste induced diseases
Baking soda overdose (to humans)
Rabies from rat bites
LEVEL CONSEQUENCE
Medium allergic rhinitis (runny nose and
sneezing); allergic conjunctivitis
(irritation and tearing of the eyes);
asthma (wheezing and shortness of
breath)
Low Severe headache or stomach pain,
Severe bleeding, including heavier
than usual menstrual bleeding.
Dizziness or weakness
Medium Salmonellosis and Leptospirosis.
Low Sodium bicarbonate can be poisonous
in large amounts, causing Diarrhea,
Muscle spasms, Muscle weakness, and
vomiting.
Medium Rabies from a rat bite can cause, skin
infections and irritation, headache,
fever, joint pain and swelling.
ASSESMENT
Sanitization of apparatus and proper
wear for said experiment (masks,
gloves, etc.)
Avoidance of purposeful intake, as
well as proper storage.
Proper use of protective gear and
proper sanitization of used materials.
Avoidance of purposeful intake, as
well as proper keeping of product.
Proper containment of test subjects
(rats) as well as using protective
apparatus in the feeding process.
VI. EXPECTED OUTPUTS AND
POTENTIAL IMPACT
EXPECTED O UTPUTS AND POTENTIAL
I MPACT
Upon the spectrum of effectiveness, the researcher believe
this product to be effective. Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
could possibly work as the base of an effective rodenticide
pellet. Upon the stated components of the materials and
ingredients they are used in making the rodenticide. This
product could possibly be one of the cheaper and less toxic
alternatives to common rodenticides, with it being safe to
human consumers it is also a better alternative for people
who are weary of the effects of the toxicity
EXPECTED O UTPUTS AND POTENTIAL
I MPACT
common rodenticides hold to be within their
household, especially for people with children as well
as other pets that may consume it. Not only that, but
for roaming scavengers, it is unlikely to cause any
damages to them as secondary consumers. Because,
this product is to be based of sodium bicarbonate, an
alkaline compound, the toxicity of the rodents corpse
would have subsided by the time it has died.
V. WORKPLAN AND TARGET
DELIVERABLES
WORKPLAN AND TARGET
DELIVERABLES
Start of the project End of the study.

Recording the data and

comparison of results from
Making of testing cage the effects of the baking
soda based pellet and other
rodenticides.

After finalizing the

Preparation of rodenticide
rodenticide pellet, the
pellets by combining;
researchers will proceed
baking soda, warfarin, and
with the implementation of
peanut butter
the experiment and testing
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THANK YOU!