ACIDOSIS AND ALKALOSIS

CAUSES AND UNDERLYING SCIENCE

OUR ACTIVITY

We look at the Ph For this

Know what is the normal Ph of human body?

7.35 to 7.45

What is the ph if someone has acidosis?

What is the ph if someone has alkalosis?

INVESTIGATE WHETHER IT IS
RESPIRATORY OR METABOLIC IN
NATURE
RESPIRATORY ACID BASE oxygen
IMBALANCE

Respiratory problems have to do with the amount of CO2 in

blood or CO2 exchange
carbondioxide

It thus has to do with

exhaling too much CO2
or not exhaling enough
WHY WOULD SOMEONE EXHALE TOO MUCH
CARBONDIOXIDE?

HYPERVENTILATION IS
THE CAUSE
Breathing too fast and too
deep such as occurs when
someone is afraid or panics
WHAT DOES HYPERVENTILATION CAUSE?

HYPERVENTILATION CAUSES LOSS OF TOO

MUCH CO2
REGARDLESS OF WHAT IS HAPPENING WITH
THEIR O2 LEVELS
HENCE LOSS OF CO2 LEADS TO RESPIRATORY
ALKALOSIS
(BECAUSE CO2 FORMS CARBONIC ACID,IT IS
ACIDIC IN NATURE)
OTHER CAUSES OF RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

During fever,increased metabolic demands

cause hyperventilation.Hence increased rate
of heavy breaths and too much loss of CO2
causes alkalosis
AT HIGH ALTITUDES
Lack of oxygen at high altitude is sensed by the carotid bodies
Carotid bodies increase breathing depth and rate (hyperpnea)
thus hyperventilation causes excess CO2 loss and thus alkalosis
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
Not exhaling enough carbondioxide
IN PROBLEMS LIKE COPD,THE PERSON IS NOT
EXHALING ENOUGH CO2
IN EMPHYSEMA,THE WALLS OF ALVEOLI
ARE TOO WEAK AND
DAMAGED.THEREFORE,DURING
INHALATION(ACTIVE PROCESS) THEY CAN
STILL BE FORCED OPEN BUT DURING
EXHALATION,THEY TEND MORE TO
COLLAPSE(WEAK).THIS CAUSES
OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE,WHEN AIR IS
NOT THOROUGHLY EXPIRED AND YES,CO2
REMAINS IN THE BLOOD AND THE
CONDITION IS CALLED
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
SECOND NAME OF
EMPHYSEMA IS SMOKER’S
LUNGS
The smoke you inhale and exhale kills you
when you smoke
CNS DEPRESSION ALSO CAUSES RESPIRATORY
ACIDOSIS

Taking certain drugs e.g.narcotics can

depress your central nervous system and
CNS controls our respiratory rate so again
CO2 is not exhaled out enough causing
respiratory acidosis
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