At the end of the lesson the students are

expected to:
Determine the basic components of a circuit.

State the advantages and disadvantages of

series and parallel circuits.
Analyze Series-Parallel Circuits with random
unknowns.
QUICK REVIEW

Enumerate the different circuit

components.
CONDUCTIVE PATH
Conductive wires, PCB
LOADS
Electronic components
POWER SOURCE
Battery (DC), household outlet
(AC)
SWITCH/CONTROLLER
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING:

1. What is a circuit/electrical circuit?

2. Can current affects electric circuit?
3. Can resistance also affect electric circuits?
4. What are the different types of electric circuits?
5. Series vs Parallel Circuit. (Advantages and
Disadvantages)
 SERIES AND
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
SERIES AND PARALLEL
CIRCUITS

Parallel Circuit Series Circuit

SERIES CIRCUIT

❑Each device occurs one after the other

sequentially.
❑The same amount of charge passes through each
device.
IT = I 1 = I 2 = I n
❑The total voltage is the sum of all the individual
❑The total resistance or the equivalent
resistance is equal to the sum of all the
individual resistive values in the circuit.
RT or REq = R1 + R2 + Rn
 PARALLEL CIRCUIT
 
❑The total current from the voltage
source is equal to the sum of the
currents in each of the resistors.
IT = I 1 + I 2 + I n
 SERIES AND PARALLEL CIRCUITS
RESISTORS IN SERIES
• Current going through each resistor is
the same and equal to I total.
Itotal= I1 = I2 = In
• The potential difference across the
entire combination is the sum of the
individual potential differences.
Veq = V1 + V2 + Vn
• The equivalent resistance of any
number of resistor is equal to the sum
of their individual resistances.
Req = R1 + R2 + Rn
RESISTORS IN PARALLEL
• The total current is equal the sum of the
currents in the resistors.
Itotal= I1 + I2 + In
• The potential difference between the
terminals of each resistor is the same.
Veq = V1 = V2 = Vn
• The reciprocals of the equivalent
resistance equals the sum of the
reciprocals of their individual
resistances.
1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/Rn
 Sample Series Network
1.
Find the following:
1. Equivalent resistance/total
resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Voltage drop in each resistor.
SOLUTION
Req = R1 + R2 + R3
Req = 4 Ω + 2 Ω + 6 Ω
Req = 12 Ω
Sample Series Network
Find the following:
Req = 12
1. Equivalent resistance/total resistance.
2. Total current. Ω
3. Voltage drop in each resistor.

SOLUTION Ohm’s
  Law

 
Sample Series Network
Find the following:
Req = 12 Ω
1. Equivalent resistance/total
resistance.  
2. Total current.
3. Voltage drop in each resistor.

SOLUTION V1 = IT x R1 Ohm’s
V2 = IT x R2 Law
V=Ix
R V3 = IT x R3

V1 = 0.5A x 4 Ω =
2Volts
V2 = 0.5A x2Ω=
1Volts
V3 = 0.5A x6Ω=
3Volts
 EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT

   
 
 Sample Series Network
2. R1 R2 =20Ω R3 R4=20Ω R5 =10Ω
=0.020KΩ =0.020KΩ

Find the following:

1.Equivalent resistance/total
resistance.
2.Total current.
3.Voltage drop in each resistor.
2. R1 R2 =20Ω R3 R4=20Ω R5 =10Ω
=0.020KΩ =0.020KΩ

Find the following:

1. Equivalent resistance/total
resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Voltage drop in each resistor.
SOLUTION
Req = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4+R5
Req = 0.020 KΩ + 20 Ω + 0.020 KΩ + 20 Ω + Req = 90 Ω
10 Ω
Req = 20 Ω + 20 Ω + 20 Ω + 20 Ω + 10 Ω
 Ohm’s
2. Law

Find the following:

1. Equivalent resistance/total
resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Voltage
 
drop in each resistor.
SOLUTION

 
 Ohm’s Law
2.

Find the following:

1. Equivalent resistance/total
resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Voltage drop in each resistor.
SOLUTION
V=IxR V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = 0.1 A x 20 Ω =2
Volts
V1 = V2 = V3 = V4 = IT x R
V5= 0.1 A x 10 Ω = 1 Volts
V5 = IT x R5
 EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT

   
 
WORK ON THIS
SAMPLE PARALLEL NETWORK
Find the following:
1. Equivalent resistance/total resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Find the current across each resistor
in the network.
SOLUTION
 

Req = 2.4 Ω
 Ohm’s
Law
SAMPLE PARALLEL NETWORK
Find the following:
1. Equivalent resistance/total resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Find the current across each resistor
in the network.

 SOLUTION

 
SAMPLE PARALLEL NETWORK
Find the following:
1. Equivalent resistance/total resistance.
2. Total current.
3. Find the current across each resistor
in the network.

Req = 2.4 Ω  

   
SOLUTION    

   
   
   
 EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT

   
 
WORK ON THIS

   
         
THANK YOU☺