CHEMICA

L
BONDING
7
 SECOND QUARTER

07 MOST ESSENTIAL
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Recognize different types of compounds
(ionic or covalent) based on their properties
such as melting point, hardness, polarity, and
electrical and thermal conductivity.
01. 02.
WHAT ARE THE
WHAT IS A
TYPES OF
Chemical Bond? Chemical Bond?

03.
HOW ARE
Ionic and Covalent
Compounds DIFFERENT?
01.
CHEMICAL
BOND
What is a Chemical Bond?
Chemical Bond
is a force that holds groups of two
or more atoms together and makes
them function as a unit.
Chemical Bond
is the physical phenomenon of chemical
substances being held together by the
attraction of atoms to each other through
sharing, as well as exchanging of electrons
or electrostatic force.
What causes this forces?
Bonds are formed when constituent
atoms come close enough together such
that the outer electrons of one atom
are attracted to the positive nuclear
charge of its neighbor.
 Atoms interact with one another to
Why form form aggregates such as molecules,
chemical compounds, and crystals because
doing so lowers the total energy of
bonds? the system; that is, the aggregates are
more stable than the isolated
atoms.
 Many atoms become stable when their
outermost shell is filled with electrons
Why form or when they satisfy the octet rule (by
having eight electrons in their outermost
chemical shell).

bonds?
Why form Molecular bonding and structure play
chemical the central role in determining the
course of chemical reactions, many
bonds? of which are vital to our survival.
Both graphite and diamond are composed solely of
carbon atoms. However, graphite is a soft, slippery
material used in pencils, and diamond is one of the
hardest materials known, valuable both as a gemstone
and in industrial cutting tools.
02.
TYPES OF CHEMICAL
BOND
What are the different types of chemical
bond and how are each type formed?
The type of bonding is determined by
how the outermost electrons of an
atom, the so-called valence electrons
interact with neighboring atoms.
 What Is This Topic About?

Mercury
Here you could give a brief description of the
topic you want to talk about. For example, if
you want to talk about Mercury, you could
say that it’s the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System
 The position of an element in the
periodic table determines the type of
bonds it makes.
This Is a Graph
 TYPES OF CHEMICAL BOND

IONIC BOND
- results from the transfer of
electrons from one element to
another.

COVALENT
BOND
- results from the sharing of
electrons between two atoms
 TYPES OF CHEMICAL BOND

IONIC BOND
- form between a metal and a
nonmetal.
COVALENT
BOND
- formed when two
nonmetals combine; also
formed when a metalloid
bond to a nonmetal.
IONIC BOND
An ionic bond is a chemical bond
formed through the transfer of one or
more electrons from one atom or
group of atoms to another atom or
group of atoms.
 IONIC BOND
When sodium and chlorine react to form sodium chloride,
electrons are transferred from the sodium atoms to the chlorine
atoms to form Na- and Cl- ions, which then aggregate to form
solid sodium chloride.
IONIC BOND
IONIC BOND
COVALENT
BOND
A covalent bond is a chemical bond
formed through the sharing of one
or more pairs of electrons between
two atoms.
 COVALENT BOND
When hydrogen atoms are close together, the two electrons are
simultaneously attracted to both nuclei. The electron probability
increases between the two nuclei indicating that the electrons
are shared by the two nuclei.
COVALENT BOND
 TYPES OF COVALENT BOND
POLAR
COVALENT
the electrons are unequally shared
by the atoms and spend more time
close to one atom than the other

NON-POLAR
COVALENT
form between two atoms of the
same element, or between atoms
of different elements that share
electrons more or less equally.
COMMON COVALENT COMPOUNDS
03.
COVALENT VS IONIC
COMPOUNDS
How are covalent compounds different
from ionic compounds?
 IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND
CONDUCTIVIT
Y
is the measure of the ease at which an Ionic Low conductivity
electric charge or2 heat pass through a Covalent Very low conductivity
material

HARDNESS
is the resistance of a material to deformation of an indenter of specific size
and shape under known load.
Ionic Hard because of its crystalline structure
Covalent Not very hard, though exceptions are silicon, diamond
and carbon
 IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND
MELTING
POINT
the temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid.

BOILING POINT
temperature at which a material changes from liquid to gas.

Ionic High
Covalent Low
IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND
 IONIC VS COVALENT COMPOUND

VOLATILITY Ionic Low

tendency of a substance to evaporate
at a normal temperature Covalent High

SOLUBILITY
ability for a given substance, the solute to dissolve in a solvent.
Ionic Usually soluble in water but insoluble in organic
solvents such as alcohol, benzene, propane etc.
Covalent Usually insoluble in water but soluble in organic
solvents such as alcohol, benzene, propane etc.