UCSP Q2-W12:

CULTURAL, SOCIAL, AND

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS:
KINSHIP, MARRIAGE, AND THE
HOUSEHOLD
With Tr. Yra Angelique L. Timbreza
Prayer
God, no matter what we face, we want to place our trust in
you. Give us the strength to faithfully and patiently wait for
you to move, because we know your plans are good. When
we grow impatient, please help us. When we grow tired,
please comfort us. Help us to trust you at all times, and
remind us that our faith in you is never wasted. In Jesus’
name, Amen.
 Learning
Competencies
• Define kinship, marriage, and household
• Enumerate and explain the different forms of
kinship by blood, kinship by marriage, and kinship
by rituals
• Discuss the different types of families
• Explain how the politics of kinship is formed in
the country
 Kinship
Is a social institution that refers to
relations formed between the
members of the society. It
explains the nature and reason
for the formation of the different
types of bonds that exist within
the society.
 Consanguineal
Kinship based on blood Kinship
is considered as
the most basic and general form of
relations. It is achieved by birth or
blood affinity.

Descent is important as it refers to

biological relationship. Lineage, on the
other hand, refers to the line where
one’s descent is traced.
 Principles of Descent
1. Unilineal Descent – traced through a
single line of ancestors from either the
male (patrilineal) or female
(matrilineal).
2. Bilateral Descent – traced through the
study of both parents’ ancestors. This
is also known as cognatic descent.
 Affinal Kinship
Kinship based on marriage; the families of
both the husband and wife form new social
relations with each other.

Marriage is an important social institution

wherein two persons enter into a family
life. It is a permanent declaration of their
union as lifetime couple.
 Marriage Across
Cultures
Different societies have different sets of
cultural practices, norms, and rules
pertaining to marriage.

Cultures have developed traditions,

customs, rules, and norms that determine
how marriage will be done.
 Endogamy
Known as compulsory marriage. Members
marry someone from their own village,
community, ethnicity, or religious group.

Members who disobey the rules sometimes

are penalized or excluded from the society;
Ostracism.
 Exogamy
Known as out-marriage; refers to a
marriage custom where an individual is
required by the society’s norms and rules
to marry someone outside of their own
group or social classes.

This prevents incest or marriage within

one’s own family and clan.
 Monogamy
Came from the Greek words “monos” and
“gamos” which literally mean “one union”.
It refers to the marriage or secual
partnering custom or practice where an
individual has only one male or female
partner.
 Polygamy

Refers to practice of having more than one

partner. It can be polygyny or a man with
multiple female partners, or polyandry or
a woman with multiple male partners.
 Neolocal Rules of
Residence
Traditionally, the residence customs of most partners who just got
married are based on well-established social traditions.

1. PATRILOCAL – occurs when married couples stay in the

husband’s kin.
2. MATRILOCAL – near the wife’s kin.
3. BIOLOCAL – alternate
 Referred Marriage
Finding a partner can be done differently.
Friends and relatives act as matchmakers
to find possible husband or wife by
referring him or her to someone who is
also interested in finding a life partner.
 Arranged Marriage
This type of marriage is arranged by the
parents of the bride and groom. This was
done to ensure that the young man and
woman will marry to the most appropriate
person according to the dictates and rules
set by family.
 Types of Arranged
Marriage
1. Child Marriage: arranged long before the marriage takes place.
It will be consummated in the future.
2. Exchange Marriage: reciprocal exchange of spouses between
two countries, tribes, or groups.
3. Diplomatic M.: established between two royal or political
families in order to forge alliances.
4. Modern A.M.: Child is involved in choosing a life partner.
 Compadrazgo
Kinship based on rituals or known as
“godparenthood,” is a form of forging co-
arenthood or family. This is done through
rituals like baptism, confirmation, or
marriage. They serve as parents but not
related by blood.
Different Definitions of
Family Acc. To
Sociologists and
Anthropologists
 George Peter Murdock
Family is a social group that:
1. Share common residence
2. Has presence in economic cooperation
3. Reproduce offspring
4. Responsible for the socialization of
infants and children
Kingsley Davis
Family is a group
of individuals
wherein the
relationship is
based on
consanguinity and
kinship.
Talcott Parsons

Family is a factory
that develops and
produces human
personalities.
Bronislaw Malinowski
Family is an
institution that
passes down the
cultural traditions
of a society to the
next generation.
 Kinship of Politics
In the country, most politicians elected in the government
positions are relatives. This is known as political dynasties.

Despite the provision of the 1987 Ph. Constitution that

prohibits political dynasties, it continues to exist because
there are no enabling laws that will prevent it and prohibit
politicians from exercising it until the present time.
Thanks
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