This document provides an overview of muscular tissue and physiology. It discusses the three types of muscular tissue - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac - and their characteristics. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones and enabling movement. The document outlines the functions of muscular tissue in producing movement, stabilizing positions, moving substances, and generating heat. It also describes the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle, including its fibers, nuclei, sarcoplasm, myofibrils, and sarcomeres as the basic contractile units.
This document provides an overview of muscular tissue and physiology. It discusses the three types of muscular tissue - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac - and their characteristics. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones and enabling movement. The document outlines the functions of muscular tissue in producing movement, stabilizing positions, moving substances, and generating heat. It also describes the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle, including its fibers, nuclei, sarcoplasm, myofibrils, and sarcomeres as the basic contractile units.
This document provides an overview of muscular tissue and physiology. It discusses the three types of muscular tissue - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac - and their characteristics. Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, attaching to bones and enabling movement. The document outlines the functions of muscular tissue in producing movement, stabilizing positions, moving substances, and generating heat. It also describes the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle, including its fibers, nuclei, sarcoplasm, myofibrils, and sarcomeres as the basic contractile units.
• Functions of Muscular Tissue • Properties of Muscular Tissue • Skeletal Muscle Tissue Muscular Tissue • Muscles make up 40-50% of total body weight • Muscular tissue take part in motion • Contributes to homeo- stasis • Play significant role in body • Scientific Study of muscles is known as Myology Types of Muscular Tissue • 3 types 1. Skeletal muscle - Attaches to the skeleton - Works mainly in a voluntary manner 2. Smooth muscle - Found in hollow structures & organs - Action is usually involuntary 3. Cardiac muscle - Found only in heart - Action is involuntary Characteristics of Muscular Tissue types • Skeletal: Make up 40% weight in men & 32% in women • Cardiac & Smooth: 10% weight • 2 Categories Striated / Unstriated - Cardiac & Skeletal: Striated - Smooth: Unstriated Voluntary/ Involuntary - Skeletal: Voluntary - Cardiac & Smooth: Involuntary Functions of Muscular Tissue • 4 key functions through sustained contraction 1. Producing body movements 2. Stabilizing body positions 3. Storing & moving substances within the body 4. Generating heat Properties of Muscular Tissue • 4 special properties 1. Electrical excitability 2. Contractility 3. Extensibility 4. Elasticity Class Task 1 (2 minutes)
What are the strongest and
weakest muscles in human body? Skeletal Muscle • Composed of muscle fibers • Contains connective tissues, whole muscles, blood supply and nerves • Supports homeostasis • Also important for other activities (non-homeostatic) Connective tissue components • Hypodermis:(bottom layer of skin) composed of connective and adipose tissues(body fat). • Fascia: connective tissue lining body wall, limbs, supports & surround muscles. • 3 layers of connective tissues 1. Epimysium 2. Perimysium 3. Endomysium Nerve and Blood Supply • Well supplied with nerves and blood vessels. • Somatic motor neurons(neurons that are associated with skeletal or striated muscle fibers) contract muscles. • Capillaries are plentiful in muscular tissues. • Muscle fibers synthesizes and uses ATP during contraction. Microscopic anatomy of Skeletal Muscle • Muscle fibers arise from myoblasts(an embryonic precursor cell that differentiates to give rise to the different muscle cell types) • Each fiber has hundreds of nuclei • Nuclei are located beneath Sarcolemma (the plasma membrane of the muscle cell ) • T-tubules are invaginations of Sarcolemma.(small tubules which run transversely through a striated muscle fiber and through which electrical impulses are transmitted) • Sarcoplasm is the cytoplasm of muscle fiber. Microscopic anatomy of Skeletal Muscle • Muscle fiber contains myofibrils(any of the elongated contractile threads found in striated muscle cells.) • Sarcoplasmic Reticulum encircles myofibrils - Terminal cisterns • Myofilaments are smaller proteins within myofibrils. 2 types of filaments - Thin filaments composed of Actin - Thick filaments composed of Myosin Class Task 2 (2 minutes)
What is the structural
organization of skeletal muscle? Microscopic anatomy of Skeletal Muscle • Sarcomeres are functional units of myofibrils. • Myofibrils display alternating dark & light bands Muscle Proteins • Myofibrils are made up of 3 proteins Contractile - Actin & Myosin Regulatory - Troponin & Tropomyosin Structural - Titin, myomesin, nebulin etc Video Animation • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X oP1diaXVCI Key Takeaways.. • Types of muscular tissues • Functions & Properties of muscular Tissues • Structure of skeletal muscle • Muscle Proteins References 1. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Tortora & Derrickson, 13th Edition @ 2011 2. Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th Edition @ 2014