TypeS OF muscles

By: Huma Inam

Lecturer Radiology technology
Muscular system
• The system which permits movements of the body and maintains it
position.
Muscles definition:
• A muscle is a group of muscle tissues which contract together to
produce a force.
• A muscle consists of fibers of muscle cells surrounded by protective
tissue.
• A muscle uses ATP to contract and shorten, producing a force on the
objects it is connected to. There are several types of muscle, which
act on various parts of the body.
Parts of a muscle
• A typical skeletal muscle has the following parts,

(1) Origin
The end of the muscle which remains fixed during its contraction. It
is the proximal part of the muscle.
(2) Insertion
This is another end of the muscle which moves during the
contraction of the muscle. This is usually distal to the origin.
(3) Fleshy part
It is the central and contractile part which is also known as the belly.
Cont…
(4)Fibrous part
it is non contractile and inelastic part of a muscle. It may be a
tendon when it is rope like and may be an aponeurosis when it is
flattened.
Classification of muscles
• The muscles are classified into, skeletal muscles, smooth muscles
and cardiac muscles.

(1) Skeletal muscles

These muscles are also known as voluntary muscles, striped
muscles, striated muscles.
These muscles are often attached to the skeleton.
These are also present in tongue, pharynx and beginning of esophagus.
Cont…
• Skeletal muscles has two attachments, the origin and the insertion.
• These muscles has long, unbranched and cylindrical muscle fibers with
multinucleated cells.
• These muscles has abundant blood supply.

(2) Smooth muscles:

• These are also known as non striped or non striated muscles.
• These are involuntary in action.
• These muscles are present in distal part of esophagus, urogenital tract,
urinary bladder, blood vessels, elementary canal and iris of eye etc.
 Cont…
• These muscles has uninucleated cells.
• They has local contraction of its fibers.
• These muscles has autonomic nervous supply and may also has hormonal
stimulation.

(3) Cardiac muscles:

• These muscles has striated muscle fibers.
• These are also involuntary.
• These are present in the wall of heart (myocardium).
• Its fibers are arranged in whorls and spirals.
• These muscles have the characteristics of spontaneous and rhythmic contraction.
Cont…
• Their cells are uni nucleated.
• Have autonomic nervous supply
• Have abundant nerve supply.