KMT Assumptions are

only true for an ideal

gas, where there are
no attractive force
between the
molecules.
 Gas can be measured and described following properties:

Pressure Temperature
K used in all calculations
atm, mmHg,
with gases
cmHg, and torr
0 K = absolute
temperature
K= C+273
Volume
L, mL
Amount of Gas
moles (n)
What property of a gas is described in the following:
W
500 torr 390 K 5.0 L
When air is pumped into a bicycle tire, the number of moles of air increases.
Units of Pressure
Unit Unit Equivalent to 1 atm

atmosphere 1 atm

Millimeters of 760 mm Hg
Hg

760 torr
Torr

101325 Pa (10 to the power of

Pascal 5 Pa)

Inches of Hg 29.39 in Hg

Pounds per 14.7 psi

square inch
Sample Exercise
What is the pressure (in atmosphere) of a gas that has a pressure of 600 torr?
The pressure of a gas is measured as 50 torr. Express this pressure in
atmosphere.
The pressure of the air in a tire is measures to be 30 psi. Represent
this pressure in

a. atmosphere
b. torr
c. pascals
Boyle’s Law As long as temperature is constant
Applications: Automobile engine

During the compression stroke inside the cylinder

of an automobile engine, the upward motion of the
piston reduces the volume of the gas and the
pressure increases
Applications:
Medical Respirator Syringe
A sample of oxygen gas (O2) has a volume of 8.0 L and a pressure of 1.0 atm. What is the new
pressure if the volume is decrease to 2.0L?

Solution

Initial Condition Final Condition Change

V1= 8.O L V2= 2.0 L V decreases
P1= 1.0 atm P2=? P= must increase

Ans. 4 atm
A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 20.0 L at 740 mmHg. What will
be the volume of gas at 2.00 atm if the temperature is made constant.

Solution:

V1= 20.0 L V2= ?

P1= 740 mmHg P2 = 2.00 atm

Observe the unit of pressure…

Remember that 760 mmHg =1 atm
Thus, Or,

740 mmHg X 1 atm/760 mmHg 2.00 atm X 760 mmHg/1 atm

= 0. 97 atm = 1520 mmHg

Vf = (20.0 L) (0.97 atm) Vf = (20.0 L) (740 mmHg)

(2.0 atm) (1520 mmHg)

= 9.74 L = 9.74 L
 What gas law is shown in the illustration below?

Temperature
volume
Constant:
Pressure
What are the properties involve in Charles’s Law?
Which one is the constant?
 A sample of neon gas at 760 mm Hg has a volume of 10.0 L and a
temperature of 34 C. Find the new volume of the gas after the
temperature has been increased to 75 C at 760 torr.

Since the temperature are give in degrees Celsius, you must

first change these into Kelvin (K)

Solution:
T1= 34 C + 273 = 307 K
T2 = 75 C + 273= 348 K
 Placing the information for the gas in a table gives the following:

Initial Condition Final Condition Change

T1 = 307 K T2= 348K T= increases

V1= 10.0 L V2=? V= must increase

V2 = 10.0L X 348 K
307K
= 11.3 L
A container holds 50.0 mL of nitrogen at 25° C and a pressure of 736
mm Hg. What will be its volume if the temperature increases by 35° C?
A container containing 5.00 L of a gas is collected at 100 K and then
allowed to expand to 20.0 L. What must the new temperature be in
order to maintain the same pressure (as required by Charles' Law)?
A gas occupies 900.0 mL at a temperature of 27.0 °C. What is the
volume at 132.0 °C?
What gas law is demonstrated below?
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Temperature
Pressure
Constant
Volume

What properties are involve?

Determine the pressure change when a constant volume of gas
at 1.00 atm is heated from 20.0 °C to 30.0.