Understanding of

Classifcation overtime
overtime, how has scientists
discovery enabled us to have a deeper understanding of how to classify living
things?
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Special
01 Introduction 02 Organisms

Cladograms and 8
03 levels of 04 CONCLUSION
classification
01
Introduction
What is classifcation – History of classfcation
What is
classifcatioon?
classification, in biology, the establishment of a
hierarchical system of categories on the basis of
presumed natural relationships among organisms. The
science of biological classification is commonly called
taxonomy
 History of Classifcation
Before the Linnaean era the early works only includes the
descriptives of plants for agriculture and medicine purposes only.
Then Aristotle came in and during his stay at the Island of Lesbos,
he was able to classify organisms for the first time. He identified the
organisms and then grouped them into two major categories, i.e.,
plants and animals. He classified the animals based on attributes and
parts including, the number of legs, laying eggs, warm-blooded or
no blood, and birth. Several groups of animals proposed by
Aristotle, such as Anhaima, Enhaima, sharks, and cetaceans, are still
used to this day. Anhaima includes animals with no blood
How The kingdoms There is a debate on the
amount of kingdoms out

came to what we know there some say 5 some say

6 and others 7, but I think it
would be 6 because of the
now.
In the domain euglena over the ages the amount of
domains.

kingdoms has changed from 2 to 3 to 5 (to 6 and 7) which

is what we know and use know now. In the beginning it
was 2 kingdoms Animalia and Platea it divided the things
through autotrophs and heterotrophs. Then the Euglena
was discovered which by then Ernst Hackel came in the
year 1866 and made a third kingdom which is Protista.
Finally then Robert Whittaker in the year 1967 came and
introduced the 5 kingdoms Monera, Protista, Fungi,
Plantae, and Animalia. Later changes were done by
Margulis and Schwartz in 1988.
 02&03
Special OrganismsCladograms
and 8 levels of classification
Platypus / Gerbil
 Facts about the Platypus
Platypuses are Mammals that
Don’t Have Teeth
Lay Eggs

Only Lives in Australia and

They are poisonous
Tasmania

Platypuses Dont Have

Doesn’t Have a Stomach
Nipples
 Why is a special discovery
It is something between a water rat and a duck. With a physiognomy and fur
similar to an otter, but with the bill of a duck, the tail of a beaver and webbed
feet, it also lacked teeth and breasts—distinctive features of mammals, like
hair—and it even laid eggs! The platypus is also unique because its beak,
which is actually a flat, rubbery snout, is equipped with electroreceptors to
detect its prey under the water of rivers and lakes, the habitat in which it
spend almost all its time. In addition, males have a poisonous spur on their
hind feet, and the mammary glands of females are so primitive that they lack
teats; instead, they secrete milk through pores in the skin
Cladogram of the Platypus
Classifcation of the Platypus
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Monotremata
Family: Binomial name:
Ornithorhynchidae Ornithorhynchus anatinus
Genus: Ornithorhynchus
Specie
s:

anatin
us
 Facts about the Gerbil
Gerbils Can Jump a Foot in the
Gerbils Live in Africa and Asia
Air

There Are Over 100 Species of Gerbil Teeth Never Stop

Gerbil Growing

Gerbils Are Active During the Wild Gerbils Live in Underground

Day and Night Burrows
 Why is a special discovery
It’s neither a mouse nor a squirrel, nor a rabbit nor a tiny kangaroo,
much less a cat, a lemur or a prairie dog. A gerbil is a unique member
of the family of dipodids or jumping rodents. Both for its size and for
the appearance of its body and head, it could be confused with a mouse.
However, its ears—larger and longer—resemble those of rabbits. Its
long tail—which it uses as a stabilizer—its powerful legs, and its way
of moving, making great jumps in rapid succession, are evocative of a
miniature kangaroo. Its huge eyes, adapted to its nocturnal habits,
resemble those of the lemur. And it has sensitive whiskers, like those of
cats, and also some barely visible front legs, very similar to those of the
prairie dog. All of these traits are necessary adaptations for its natural
habitat: the deserts, where its feeds on plants and insects from which it
also gets all the water it needs.
Cladogram of the Gerbil
Classifcation of the Platypus
Domain: Eukarya
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Muridae Binomial name: Gerbilliscus
afra
Genus: Gerbilliscus

Specie
s:
afra
04
conclusio
n
 CONCLUSION

There are new species discovered always and could be even harder to classify
and confusing maybe in the deep sea or in the outer space maybe in the caves
or deserts or deep down in the ground. The platypus and the Gerbils were
unique discoveries and one of a kind as of its mixed traits that’s why they
made changes to the understanding of the world of classification.
 Citation
● Cartwright, L. (2019, November 9). 17 Interesting Gerbil Facts (That You Probably Don’t Know!). Gerbil
Welfare. https://www.gerbilwelfare.com/interesting-gerbil-facts/
● ‌classification | biology | Britannica. (2022). In Encyclopædia Britannica.
https://www.britannica.com/science/classification-biology
● ‌OpenMind. (2022, March 15). OpenMind.
https://www.bbvaopenmind.com/en/science/bioscience/unclassifiable-animals-that-challenged-biologists/
● ‌Vix. (2020, September 22). Taxonomy - Definition, Examples, Classification - Biology Online Dictionary.
Biology Articles, Tutorials & Dictionary Online. https://www.biologyonline.com/dictionary/taxonomy

● ‌ earn About Aristotle’S Classification | Chegg.com. (2022). Chegg.com.

L
https://www.chegg.com/learn/biology/introduction-to-biology/aristotles-classification
● ‌Duck-Billed Platypus. (2015). Animals. https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/platypus
● ‌What ocean animal is nearly identical to the platypus? (2022). Quora. https://www.quora.com/What-ocean-
animal-is-nearly-identical-to-the-platypus
● ‌Matthews, K. (2022, June 29). 10 Incredible Platypus Facts. AZ Animals. https://a-z-animals.com/blog/10-
incredible-platypus-facts/
● Evolution and Taxonomy. (2022). The Coyote Resource. http://thecoyoteresource.weebly.com/evolution-and-
taxonomy.html

● ‌
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