PLANT DISEASE DETECTION USING IMAGE

PROCESSING AND MACHINE LEARNING

 ABSTRACT
• A country's economy development depends on the agricultural land mass and productivity. Majority of the population are
depended on the agriculture.

• In the past, farmers have encountered some severe plant diseases which damaged food production and leads to shortage of food.

• Disease detection is a critical task for farmers. They follow shortcuts of using chemical pesticides which give side effects to
consumable foods.

• Identification of the plant diseases is important in order to prevent the losses within the yield. It needs huge time as well as
skilled labour.

• For the early detection of plant diseases, there are some optical sensing techniques employed for the real-time monitoring and
identification of disease.

• Have been machine learning is a trending area where the technological benefits can be imparted to the agriculture field also, so
in this work we have used machine learning algorithms for plant disease detection by using a particular dataset consisting of
different diseases.

• This project makes a review on the existing techniques and also suggests the best technique which can be implemented by
farmers to recognize the disease faster and which proves to be economical to farmers.
 INTRODUCTION

The importance of plants in the world has increased over time. The discoveries about the critical roles that plants could
play in medicine, food production, and the recent concerns about the reduction of global warming have for long been a significant
part of science and technology.
Since the past days and in the present to farmers usually detect the crop diseases with their naked eye which makes them to take
tough decision on which fertilizers to use. it require detailed knowledge about the type of diseases and lot of experience needed to
make sure the actual disease. some of the diseases look almost similar to farmers and most of them confused.

Plant disease identification by the visual way is a more laborious task and at the same time, less accurate and can be
done only used it will take less effort, less time, and become more accurate.Image processing and machine learning can be
employed for detection of plant diseases. Through these techniques the detection of plant diseases with help of their leaves
pictures. Image processing is a
branch of signal processing which can extract the image properties or useful information from the image. Machine learning is a
sub part of artificial intelligence which works automatically or give instructions to do a particular task. The color of leaves,
amount of damage to leaves, area of the leaf, texture parameters are used for classification.
 Previously plant disease detection is done by visual inspection of the leaves or some chemical processes by
experts. For doing so, a large team of experts as well as continuous observation of plant is needed, which costs high when we
do with large farms. In such conditions, the recommended system proves to be helpful in monitoring large fields of crops. The
goal of image processing is to simplify and/or change the representation of an image into something that is more meaningful
and easier to analyze.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
SI.NO Journal Name And Publication Year Title Technology Identify diseases

1. S. Khirade et Al [2015] Plant disease detection Image process and back Boundary detection and
using image processing propagation neural spot detection to
network(BPNN) segment the infected
part of algorithm

2. International research journal of en- plant disease detection Candy edge detection Diseases in crops
gineering and technology [IEEE using machine learning algorithm Mostly on leaves
2018]

3. International conference for conver- Mango leaf deficiency Image processing Diseases in leaf
gence in technology disease using digital spot ,blight,wither,twig
[IEEE 2018] image processing and
machine
 LITERATURE SURVEY
SI.NO Journal Name And Publication Year Title Technology Identify diseases

4. International journal of engineering Plant disease detection

science and computing,april2017 using digital image Image processing and Powdery Mildew in
processing and GSM GCM flowers ,vegetables ,frui
ts.

5. International Journal of Advanced Plant Disease Detection GLCM and KNN Based Canker fungal wound
Research in Electrical, Electronics and Algorithm on stems,limbs and
Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 6, trunk
Issue 7, July 2017

6. IEEE Applied Signal Processing Con- Plant Disease Detection CNN algorithm Crinkled leaves and
ference (ASPCON), 2020 Using CNN Mosaic pattern in
leaves.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

INPUT LEAF IMAGE FEATURE

IMAGE PREPROCESSING EXTRACTION

DATABASE TRAINING
CNN CLASSIFICATION
IMAGES IMAGES

DEFECTED HEALTHY

DEFECTED REGION
CLASSIFIED
 DISCUSSION ON BLOCK DIAGRAM
1.Image Acquisition:
First step in image acquisition is to capture the leaves using mobile phone or digital camera. These stored images of the leaves
from the database are load by specifying the path.

2.Image Pre-processing:
Pre-processing improves the quality of the image by removing unsought distortions. Clipping the images based on the region
of interest (ROI), image smoothing and contrast enhancement are done here.

3.Machine learning algorithm:

The plant disease detection is the technique which can detect disease from the plant leaves .the plant disease detection has var-
ious steps which are textural feature analysis, segmentation ,classification using CNN classifier with GLCM algorithm

4. Feature Extraction:
Interesting part of an image from where the required information are extracted is called as feature extraction. The dimension
of the region of interest (ROI) will be smaller than the original image. Gray level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) is one of the
best methods for texture analysis. Size of the GLCM will be based on the number of gray levels.

5.Analysis:
Leaves are affected by diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses. Sometime insects also damage the leaf which appears as
leaf spot disease. The infected part of the leaf will vary in size and colour, depending on the stage and organism involved.
Spots will be noticed with various colours such as yellow, black. Based on the texture information from GLCM the disease is
classified.
 PROBLEM DEFINITION

Agriculture is an integral part of the indian economy. The indian agriculture sector employs nearly half of the country’s
workforce. India is the largest producer of pulses, rice, wheat, spices, and spice products in the world. Farmers' economic growth
is determined by the quality of the goods they make, which is dependent on plant growth and yield. As a result, in the field of
agriculture, disease identification in plants is important. Plants are highly susceptible to diseases that inhibit plant development,
which has an effect on the farmer's ecology. The detection of plant diseases most of the time is done only throughout the naked
eye observation. The use of an automated disease detection technique is advantageous in detecting a plant disease at an early
stage. Plant diseases manifest themselves in various parts of the plant, such as the leaves. It takes a long time to manually
diagnose plant disease using leaf photographs. As a result, computational methods must be developed to automate the process of
disease detection and classification using leaf images.
SOLUTION METHODOLOGY
 WORK CARRIED OUT

• Visited the near by agricultural fields and interact with farmers to know about the different types plant
diseases and their effects on crops.
• Collect the images of infected leaves of different crops and seasonal effects on plants.
 REFERENCES
 S. D. Khirade and A. B. Patil, "plant disease detection using image processing," 2015 international conference on computing
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 S. C. Madiwalar and M. V. Wyawahare, "plant disease identification: A comparative study," 2017 international conference on
data management, analytics and innovation (ICDMAI), 2017, pp. 13-18, doi: 10.1109/icdmai.2017.8073478.
 P. Moghadam, D. Ward, E. Goan, S. Jayawardena, P. Sikka and E. Hernandez, "plant disease detection using hyperspectral
imaging," 2017 international conference on digital image computing: techniques and applications (DICTA), 2017, pp. 1-8,
doi: 10.1109/dicta.2017.8227476.
 S. D.M., Akhilesh, S. A. Kumar, R. M.G. And P. C., "Image based plant disease detection in pomegranate plant for bacterial
blight," 2019 international conference on communication and signal processing (ICCSP), 2019, pp. 0645-0649,
doi: 10.1109/iccsp.2019.8698007.
 G. Shrestha, deepsikha, M. Das and N. Dey, "plant disease detection using CNN," 2020 IEEE applied signal processing
conference (ASPCON), 2020, pp. 109-113, doi: 10.1109/aspcon49795.2020.9276722.
Thank You