ARCHITECTURE

Different contemporary art techniques and

performances.
These are common
materials used in
architecture. Can
you name them?
MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE

- Materials used in architecture

are:
Rock(stone and clay)
Metal(steel)
Organic(wood)
Synthetic(glass and plastics)
Hybrid(concrete)
MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE

What do you think are the

factors considered when choosing
materials?
MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE

Availability of
materials and how
their characteristics
will work with the
building design, must
be considered in
choosing the right
materials.
MEDIUM AND TECHNIQUE
Selection of materials can
also be based its
”character” which may
“signify social values”.

Example: Stone may signify

strength, wood for warmth
and marble for power.
MEDIUM AND
TECHNIQUE
Selection of
materials can also
be based its
”character” which
may “signify social
values”.

Example: Stone may

signify strength,
wood for warmth and
marble for power.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
Five Systems of Architecture
Construction
1.Lashed construction
2.Post-and-Lintel construction
3.Arch and vault construction
4.Skeleton construction
5.Cantilever construction
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
1. Lashed construction method
-the roof and wall sidings
are made separately, then
assembled by lashing.

Bahay Kubo is an example of

lashing cosntuction.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
2. Post-and-Lintel
construction
-its basic structure is
a horizontal beam held
by two vertical posts.

Stonehenge in England
is an example of post
and lintel construction
from the Neolithic Age.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
2. Post-and-Lintel
construction
In the Philippines, bahay-
na-bato is an example of
post and lintel
construction

Originated in the Spanish

Colonial Period, bahay na
bato is made of stone,
wooden poles and tiles.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
2. Post-and-Lintel
construction
It has large wooden posts
or haligi, fives three
meters underground.

These large wooden posts

supports the walls, beams
and tile roofs of the
house.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
3. Arch and vaults
construction
-camn cover large areas
than post and lintel,
especially round arch
made of stone.

An arch is a structure
usually built with stones
or bricks that are
concentrically placed.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
3. Arch and vaults
construction
-to build the arch, all
of its parts must be
well-secured, therefore
it needs a semi-circular
wooden frame called
centering to hold the
parts during the arch’s
construction.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
3. Arch and vaults construction
The keystone is a wedege shaped
stone at the peak of an arch,
locking the stones in their
positions.

Keystone distributes the weight

from the center to the base.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
3. Arch and vaults
construction

Types of Arches
1. Round
2. Pointed
3. Ogee
4. Horseshoe
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
3. Arch and vaults
construction

Several arches laid

together make a vault.

San Agustin Church us

Intramuros Manila has a
barrel vault and a dome
made of solid stone.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
3. Arch and vaults
construction

Several arches laid together

make a vault.

San Agustin Church us

Intramuros Manila has a
barrel vault and a dome made
of solid stone.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
4. Skeleton
Construction

-made of frames of
steel and reinforced
concrete of
skyscrapers and
high-rise buildings
possible.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
4. Skeleton
Construction

Philamlife Building
on United Nations
Avenue, Manila, is an
example of a
construction built in
a frame of steel and
walls of glass.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
4. Skeleton
Construction

The structure can be

elevated from the
ground through slit-
like posts, leaving
room for parking and
basements.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
4. Skeleton Construction

Concrete can also be

formed into shell
structures, hence the
possibility of
constructing buildings
of various shapes and
sizes.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
5. Cantilever

Tanghalang Pambansa
at the CCP Complex
in Manila is an
example of a
cantilever
construction.
METHODS OF ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION
5. Cantilever

Similar to skeleton
construction,
cantilever uses steel
and concrete. In using
cantilever method, the
material have to be
strong enough to
support the
“cantilevered” section