M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

DISCRETE TIME
SIGNAL
PROCESSING -
1151EC112
Ms M Muthu mari
Asst Prof, Dept of ECE

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

LINEAR & CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION

 Linear convolution of two sequence:
 x(n) of L number of samples and h(n) of M number of samples produce a result as
y(n) of N=L+M-1 number of samples.
 It can be used for linear filtering
 Circular convolution of two sequence:
 x(n) of L number of samples and h(n) of M number of samples and that L>M, by
using N=max(L,M) by adding L-M number of zero samples to sequence h(n), so
that both are periodic with N
 It cannot be used for linear filtering without zero padding

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LINEAR CONVOLUTION
 Convolute two sequences
x[n] = {a,b,c} & h[n] = [e,f,g]
X(n)
h(n)
 Convoluted output = [ ea,
eb+fa, ec+fb+ga, fc+gb, gc]
M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023
 Example 1: Convolute two sequences x[n]
= {1,2,3} & h[n] = { -1, 2, 2}
X(n)
h(n)
 Convoluted output y[n] = [ -1, -2+2, -
3+4+2, 6+4, 6]
 = [-1, 0, 3, 10, 6]
 Here x[n] has 3 samples and h[n] is also
have 3 samples so the resulting sequence
having 3+3-1 = 5 samples.
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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

LINEAR CONVOLUTION FROM CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION

1. Find the output response of the sequence x(n) = { 1, 2, 3, 1 } and

h(n) = {1, 1, 1 } using linear convolution

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

METHODS TO EVALUATE CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION OF TWO

SEQUENCE

 Concentric circle method

1. Take two concentric circles. Plot N samples of x1(n) on the
circumference of the outer circle in anti-clockwise direction.
2. For plotting x2(n), plot N samples of x2(n) in clockwise
direction on the inner circle, starting sample placed at the same
point as 0th sample of x1(n)
3. Multiply corresponding samples on the two circles and add them
to get output.
4. Rotate the inner circle anti-clockwise with one sample at a time
and go to step three to obtain next value of output
5. Repeat step 4 until the inner circle first sample meet the first
sample of outer circle once again

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

FIND THE CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION USING CONCENTRIC CIRCLE

METHOD

Example 1: x1(n)={ 0, 1, 2, 3 } and x2(n) = { 4, 5, 6, 7 }

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M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

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M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

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M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

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M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

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M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

 Example 2: Find circular convolution of x1(n)=

{ 1, -1, -2, 3, -1 } and x2(n) = { 1, 2, 3 } using
concentric circle method
 Ans : y(n)= { 8, -2, -1, -4, -1 }
 Example 3: Find circular convolution of
x1(n)= { 1, 2, 2, 1 } and x2(n) = { 1, 2, 3, 1 }
using concentric circle method
 Ans : y(n)= { 11, 9, 10, 12 }

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

METHODS TO EVALUATE CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION OF TWO

SEQUENCE

 Matrix Multiplication method

1. Matrix method represents the two given sequence x1(n) and x2(n) in
matrix form.
2. One of the given sequences is repeated via circular shift of one sample at a
time to form a N X N matrix.
3. The other sequence is represented as column matrix.
4. The multiplication of two matrices give the result of circular convolution.

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

FIND THE CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION USING MATRIX

MULTIPLICATION METHOD

 Example 1: Find circular convolution of x1(n)=

{ 1, -1, -2, 3, -1 } and x2(n) = { 1, 2, 3 } using
Matrix multiplication method

 Ans : y(n)= { 8, -2, -1, -4, -

1}

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

 Example 2: Find circular convolution of

x1(n)={ 0, 1, 2, 3 } and x2(n) = { 4, 5, 6, 7 }
using Matrix multiplication method
 Ans : y(n)= { 34, 36, 34, 28 }
 Example 3: Find circular convolution of
x1(n)= { 1, 2, 2, 1 } and x2(n) = { 1, 2, 3, 1 }
using Matrix multiplication method
 Ans : y(n)= { 11, 9, 10, 12 }

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 M Muthumari, Asst Prof, ECE Dept 03/02/2023

PERFORM CIRCULAR CONVOLUTION USING DFT AND IDFT

METHOD
X3(K) =X1(k).X2(K)
Step 1: Find X1(k) and X2(K) from DFT of x1(n) and x2(n)
Step 2: Multiply X1(k) , X2(K) to get X3(K)
Step 3: Find IDFT of X3(K) to get x3(n)

Example 1: x1(n)= { 1, 1, 2, 1 } and x2(n) = { 1, 2, 3, 4 }

Solution: X3(K) =X1(k).X2(K)
Step 1: Find X1(k) and X2(K) from DFT of x1(n) and x2(n)
X1(k)={ 5, -1, 1, -1 } and X2(k) = { 10, -2+2j, -2, -2-2j }
Step 2: Multiply X1(k) , X2(K) to get X3(K)
X3(k) = { 50, 2-2j, -2, 2+2j }
Step 3: Find IDFT of X3(K) to get x3(n)
X3(n) = { 13, 14, 11, 12 }

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