PROPHETS LIFE

AD 571-632
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

• When the hostilities of Quraish intensified, the

Holy Prophet (SAW) advised his followers to
migrate to Abyssinia.
• This Migration would serve a dual purpose;
Firstly the Muslims would find a refuge from
tyranny till favorable circumstances prevailed.
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

• Secondly, by travelling to far off places, Islam would

spread to other lands.
• Fifteen Muslims, eleven men and four women including
Ruqayyah the dauhter of the Prophet (SAW) and her
husband Uthman (RA) migrated to Abyssinia.
• When the Quraish heard of this they followed them, but
the emigrants had already gone beyond their reach.
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA
• Later they sent a delegation to Najashi, the King of
Abyssinia, with the request to expel the Muslims from
his kingdom.
• Najashi was a just ruler who heard delivered the
following speech, “O king we were ignorant people, we
worshipped idols ate carrion and committed all sorts of
injustice; brother wronged his brother, the strong
exploited the weak. In the middle of this, a man was born
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

amongst us whose nobility and virtue was

already known to us.

• He called us to Islam, called us renounce idol

worshipping, be truthful, abstain from blood shed, honor
our promise, be helpful to our relation, be good to our
neighbor, avoid fornication, not to appropriate orphans’
property of falsely accuse a married woman.
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

• He ordered us not to associate partners with Allah, offer

prayers, observe fasts and pay zakat.
• We abandoned polytheism and idol worship and
renounced all evils.
• For this we were deemed guilty and our own people
became our enemies.
• Najashi asked them to recite a portion of the Qur’an
which had been revealed to their Prophet (SAW).
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

• Hazrat Jafar (RA) recited some verse of Sura Mariam,

the 19th sura of Qur’an.
• Upon hearing this Najashi was over come with emotions
and tears began to roll out from his eyes.
• He said, “By God, this discourse and the Bible are two
brands of the same lamp”.
• He told the Quraish that he would not hand over these
oppressed people to them and they might live as long as
they wanted to in Abyssinia
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

• The most important outcome of the migration to

Abyssinia was that the Muslims of Makkah now
knew that there was a place where they could seek
shelter.
• It ultimately gave birth to the idea of greater
migration, Hijra, the emigration from Makkah to
Madina.
 MIGRATION TO ABYSSINIA

• The hostilities of Quraish intensified with the

gradual success of Islam.
• The Holy Prophet (SAW) again advised his
followers to take refuge in Abyssinia.
• The number on second occasion was 101 of which
18 were women.
 ISRA AND MAIRAJ

• In the 10th year of Prophethood on 27 th Rajab the Prophet

(SAW) was taken to Isra and M’iraj.
• This journey is describe in Quran; it says, “Glory to Him
who carried His servant by night from the sacred mosque
to the distant Mosque – the precincts of which we have
blessed – in order that we might show him some of Our
signs” (17: 1).
 ISRA AND MAIRAJ

• There are many authentic traditions from Prophet

(SAW) concerning Isra and M’iraj contained in Sahih
Muslim and Bukhari.
• Holy Prophet (SAW) was asleep in his house when
angel Gabriel came and took him to Ka’abah, where the
Holy Prophet (SAW) rode a mule like animal, which
was called Burraaq.
• It took him to Jerusalem; the Holy Prophet (SAW) tied
the animal to the same ring on the door of Masjid Aqsa
used by other Prophet
 ISRA AND MAIRAJ

• Then the Holy Prophet (SAW) offered two

rakk’ahs.
• Gabriel then brought two vessels; one was filled
with wine and the other with milk.
• The Prophet (SAW) chose the vessel filled with
milk, and drank from it Gabriel said, “ you have
been guided to the fitrah”.
 M’IRAJ

• Prophet (SAW) again rode the Burraaq, soon they

reached the lowest heaven.
• The guardian andel asked Gabriel as to who he
was, and who was with him.
• When he was informed about their identity he
again asked if the Prophet (SAW) had been sent
for.
 M’IRAJ

• After getting the reply in affirmative the guardian

angel said, “Welcome, his coming is good”.
• There the Prophet (SAW) saw a man, sitting with
a large group of people on his both sides.
• When the man looked at those on his right he
laughed, when he looked at those on his left he
wept.
 M’IRAJ

• The Prophet (SAW) was told that he was the Prophet

Adam (AS).
• Those on his left were the souls of his descendants who
were the inhabitants of Hell, while those on his right
were the inhabitants of paradise.
• So when he looked at his right side, he laughed and when
he looked at his left he wept.
• The Prophet (SAW) greeted the Prophet Adam.
 M’IRAJ

• Then Prophet (SAW) was taken to all the seven

heavens one by one where he met the Prophet Isa
and Hazrat Yahya, (on second) HazratYousuf, (on
third) Hazrat Idrees, (fourth) Hazrat Haroon, (on
fifth) Hazrat Musa, (on sixth) and Hazrat Ibrahim
(on seventh).
 M’IRAJ

• The Gabriel led the Prophet to the lote tree (Sidra

tul Muntaha) beyond which Gabriel could not go
but the Holy Prophet (SAW)was permitted to go
beyond it and Allah spoke to him directly.
• Here the last verses of Surah Al Baqarah were
revealed, and Allah promised that the major sins
of his followers would be forgiven, if they did not
commit shirk.
 M’IRAJ

• Salah was also made obligatory for Muslims fifty

times a day.
• On his return the Prophet Musa enquired about
the worship that had been made obligatory for his
Ummah, when the Prophet (SAW) informed him,
he told the Prophet (SAW) to have the prayers
reduced as his people would not be able to offer
these.
 M’IRAJ

• The Holy Prophet (SAW) went back to Allah and

the numbers were reduced to ten.
• Again the Prophet Musa urged the Prophet (SAW)
to have the number reduced until it came down to
five times a day.
 M’IRAJ

• The Prophet Musa again wanted that Muhammad

(SAW) should go back to Allah for further
reduction but the Prophet (SAW) refused saying, “
I have asked my Lord till I am ashamed to face
him” (Bukhari).
• The Prophet (SAW) was shown the Paradise and
hell.
 M’IRAJ

• After he came back from heaven he led all the

Prophets in Salah at Al-Quds, later on the famous
Dome of the Rock was constructed where the
Prophet (SAW) led prayers.
 SIGNIFICANCE OF M’IRAJ

• Prophet was consoled by God directly after the death

of Hazrat Khadija and Hazrat Abu Talib.
• Allah also wanted to support him after the incident of
Taif.
• Its a ray of hope for him as Allah wanted to tell him
that He did not abandoned him.
• It was also important that Allah wanted to prepare
him for second phase of his Prophetic mission.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• After the delegation left from Yathrab the Prophet asked

his followers to migrate to Madinah (Yathrib) in batches.
• The Quraish became much concerned at this
development and held a council of war, it was decided to
kill the Prophet.
• The plan was that men representing all the tribes should
participate in the killing so that the Bannu Hashim might
not be able to avenge the murder.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• The Prophet (SAW) was warned about this plot by

a divine revelation and Allah ordered him to
migrate to Yathrib, the Quran says regarding this,
“Remember how the unbelievers plotted against
you, to keep you in bonds, or slay you or get you
out (of your homes). They plot and plan, and
Allah too plans, but the best of planners is Allah”
(8: 30).
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• The Prophet (SAW) escaped secretly at night with

Abu Bakr leaving behind Ali to sleep in his bed
and to return the valuables entrusted to him by
people.
• The two of them stayed in the cave of Thaur for
three days.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• The Qur’an says about this incident, “for Allah

did indeed help him when the unbelievers drove
him out, he had no more than one companion.
They were two in the cave and he said to his
companion, have no fear for Allah is with us”.
• When the Quraish learned that the Prophet (SAW)
had escaped, they launched a search for him.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• They offered to pay a hundred she camels to any one who

would bring him back, alive or dead.
• During their brief stay at the cave Abdullah bin Abu Bakr
brought news of Quraish while Asma bint e Abu Bakr
brought them food.
• After spending three days in cave they set out for
Madinah.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• After six days of arduous (difficult) journey the

Holy Prophet (SAW) arrived Quba, a place near
Yathrib.
• He stayed there for fourteen days during which he
built a mosque.
• This is the first mosque that was built on earth.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• The Prophet (SAW) himself participated in the

building of mosque at Quba where he was soon
joined by Hazrat Ali (RA).
• On his way from Qubah to Madinah the Prophet
(SAW) offered his first Friday Congregational
prayers at the quarters of Banu Salim, and
delivered his first Friday sermon.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• Mean While the people of Madinah waited for the

Prophet (SAW) eagerly.
• On the day that the messenger of Allah arrived,
the people had just gone back into their houses.
• The Jews had taken note of what was going on
and the first person to see him was indeed a Jew.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• Thus fulfilling the prophecy contained in the

Torah.
• In Madinah, the the people greeted the Messenger
of Allah entusiastically.
• Every one was eager that he should stay with him.
• They grabbed the halter (rope/strap)of his camel
but the Prophet (SAW) said, “ let it go its own
way. It is under orders”.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• Eventually the camel stopped at the home of Banu

Malik Ibn an- Najjar.
• By herself she knelt at a place, which today marks
the door of Prophet’s mosque.
• It belonged to two orphan boys of the Bannu
Najjar.
 MIGRATION TO MADINAH

• Prophet (SAW) paid them the price of the land

and built the mosque of the Prophet (Masjid al-
Nabvi).
• While the mosque was being built, he stayed at
the house of Abu Ayub Al Ansari.
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH

• When Muslims are oppressed in a society and are not

allowed to practice their religion freely, they are they are
ordered to move to another place where they can live in
freedom and practice their religion openly.
• Hijrah in its religious sense is an act of worship (ibadah)
when the situation demends and the required conditions
are fulfilled and the command of Allah is issued a
believer has no other choice left but to perform hijrah.
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH

• The Quran says: “ When angels take the souls of

those who die in sin against their souls they say:
In what (plight) were you ? They reply: weak and
oppressed were we in the earth. They say: was not
the earth of Allah spacious enough for you to
move yourselvesaway (from evil)? Such men will
find their abode (place) in hell what an evil
refuge!” (4: 97).
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH

• Hijrah revealed and demonstrated the moral worth

and the strength of faith and loyalty of the early
converts of Islam who faced tremendous hardship
and were forced to leave their homes, families and
property for the sake of Islam.
• It also showed the complete submission of the
Muslims to Allah’s will and the Holy Prophet’s
(SAW) order.
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH

• In Madinah, Holy Prophet (SAW) demonstrated

that he was not only a teacher but also a statesman
and a practical leader of men, both in war and
peace.
• Hijrah has a great importance in the history of
Islam. It was a turning point in the life of the
Muslim community and a starting point for both
the Islamic history and Islamic calendar.
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH

• In Madinah the Holy Prophet (SAW) got the opportunity

to preach and propagate Islam openly.
• Islam spread rapidly after migration.
• In Makkah Islam was a religion of the persecuted
minority, who practiced it secretly, while in Madinah the
Muslims were majority in power, who openly led their
lives, according to the teachings of Islam.
• If migration did not take place would have a minority
religion or perished.
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH

• The Holy Prophet (SAW) was able to organize his

followers into a well knit and disciplined community.
• Hijrah resulted into the unification and nationalization
of tribal Arabia.
• Madinah became a centre around around which all the
tribes of Arabia were unified into a nation having its
distinct characteristics
 IMPORTANCE OF HIJRAH
• The teachings of Islam resulted in a deathblow to
racial arrogance and prejudice (inequality), such
as that of Quraish of Makkah who considered
every one inerior to them.