Chapter 5

ORGANIZATION IN THE
VISUAL ARTS
Chapter 5
ORGANIZATION IN THE
VISUAL ARTS

1. Principles of design
2. Harmony
3. Balance
4. Proportion
5. Rhythm
6. Emphasis
 Principles of Design
The organization of the various elements of the
visual arts is governed by different principles of
design. Through these principles, the artist can form
more beautiful and interesting color harmonies and
more beautiful combinations of shapes, texture and
lines.
Principles of Design cont...
Sculpture organizes the human or animal
form.

Architecture organizes space through the

arrangement of the parts of a building, both
interior and exterior, in order to produce a
pleasing and interesting pattern.
Principles of Design cont...
The design of an art object makes it
possible for an observer to tell its
function.
Principles of Design cont...
An industrial establishment is
designed to express a
businesslike atmosphere of
efficiency.
Principles of Design cont...

Church is designed to create

in the worshippers a religious
feeling and attitude.
Principles of Design
Principles
of
Design
Principles
of
Design
Principles
of
Design
 Harmony
Essential to beauty.

- Visual arts achieved by establishing a

pleasing relationship between the
various elements.
 Harmony
There is harmony if the various parts of the
design will give an appearance of
belonging together. In other words there
must be UNITY.
Repetition of angles and curves, shapes,
lines and colors will give a harmonious
effect.
 Harmony cont…

To relieve monotony, there must be

VARIETY.

- the spice of life and of art.

- it may be achieved by the diversity of
materials used and slight contrast in color,
texture, shape and space arrangements.
 Harmony cont…

- Painting and in interior decoration,

the complementary hues when used
will give contrast. The intensity of a
hues may also be varied.
 Harmony cont…

Sculpture: variety may obtain through

the use of contrast of texture, such as
smooth and rough in his work.
 Harmony cont…

Architect: instead of using a long line

of windows, may group the windows
and introduce space between the
groups.
 Harmony cont…

- Monotony produced by vertical

lines of columns in buildings may be
relieved by transition lines.
 Harmony cont…

- If the wallpaper in a room is figured, the

use of plain curtains will make it more
beautiful and restful .
- Artist must be careful that the variety he
introduces does not destroy the
harmonious effect.
H
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 Balance
All parts are equally distributed around a central
point.
Weights are equally distributed on each side of a
center of fulcrum, as in see-saw.
Gives a feeling of stability and rest.

Makes an object or room not only interesting but

also pleasant to look at.
 Type of Balance
1. Formal balance or Symmetrical balance

Achieved by making both sides exactly alike.

Objects of the same size and shape, when

arranged on two sides of a center, will produce
formal balance.
Gives an atmosphere of dignity and formality.
1. Formal balance or Symmetrical balance
 Type of Balance
2. Informal balance or Asymmetrical balance

Achieved whentoobjects
More difficult achieveof the
unequal
formalweights or
balance;
unequal
however, theattractions are
results are placed
more at the correct
interesting.
distances from the center as when a large object or
an object
Occult of stronger attraction is placed near the
balance
center, while the smaller object or one with less
striking attraction is moved.
2. Informal balance or Asymmetrical balance

Generally use when we want to attract the attention

of observers and set them thinking about the object
under observation.

- Active Balance: it suggests spontaneity and

movement and also gives an impression of casualness.
2. Informal balance or Asymmetrical balance
 Proportion
Determined by a comparison of the sizes of different
parts of an object or of an arrangement.
Harmonious proportion achieved when one part of
an object does not seem too big or too small for
other parts.
Painting: the principle of good proportion is useful in
combining colors successfully and in determining the
margins for mounting.
 Proportion cont..
To produce more pleasing harmony here should be
more of one color than the others .

Avoid using equal amounts of two or more colors .

Avoid also a great deal of one color and only a tiny

bit of another.
PR
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 Rhythm
Achieved by the regular or harmonious recurrence
of lines, forms, and colors.
Organized movement, a beat, a repetition.

Through the repetition of lines or forms, a pattern is

produced, which the eye follows as it moves from the
right to left.
 Rhythm cont…
Through the use of color, charming patterns will be
formed that will carry the eye from one part of a room
to another. Repetition of color in different parts of the
room produces a rhythmical effect which is not only
charming but pleasing.
Rhythmical patterns help the eye to move easily
from one part of the room to another or from one part
of a design to another.
 Rhythm cont…
Rhythm is used as the most effective way of
creating aesthetic unity in prose, music, dance,
painting, architecture, and sculpture.

Space Arts: rhythm is used in repetition, alternation,

and gradation of the elements of art , line, form, color
and texture.
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 Emphasis
Some parts easily catch our attention and interest
while other parts are not noticed at all.
Produced by the design or form that catches our
attention while the rest are subordinated.
Pattern emphasized usually forms the center of
interest.
Giving importance to the parts or to the whole.
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THANK YOU