TSS IGCSE Chemistry

Summer Work
By: Sultan Al- Lamki
Year 10
 The use of water in houses and industry

At house: it’s used for In industry: factories

drinking, washing use water for cooling,
clothes and dishes, decreasing
watering the garden, concentration,
and preparing food. fabricating, and
transporting a product
The substances that can be found in
natural water
 Useful substances:
calcium, chloride,
fluoride, magnesium,
potassium, and sodium.

 Harmful substances:
nitrogen, bleach, salts,
toxins produced by
bacteria, dead
creatures, and metals.
 How are the harmful
substances removed
from water.
There are so many ways to take unwanted
objects from water and some of them are:

• 1. filtration: a way that makes the

water get through different filters that
have different sizes and are made with
different materials like gravel and
sand.
• 2. Boiling: boiling is one of the oldest
forms of removing harmful substances
from water. It heats the water, which
kills the bacteria.
• 3 Distillation: this is a way that
evaporates water into gas and then
condenses it again
What Molecules
Make Up Air
 Dry air is actually made up
of 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95%
oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04%
carbon dioxide, and small
amounts of other gases and
that’s why its called a
mixture.
How can we separate
these molecules in the
air ?
 Scientists found a way to
separate gases in the air
which is fractional
distillation.
 This is a way where the
mixture gets heated up which
divides the mixture into
fractions according to each
gas boiling point.
 Top 5 reasons of
pollution

 The Burning of Fossil Fuels.

 Industrial Emission.
 Indoor Air Pollution.
 Wildfires.
 Open burning of garbage
stuff.
 How does pollution
affect us as humans?

 It increases the rate of getting one

of these diseases:
 Getting respiratory infections like
influenza and corona viruses
 Heart diseases
 Lung cancer
How does pollution
affect the earth

 It causes a lot of natural disasters

like:
 Global warming
 Increased drought
 Rising oceans
 fewer plants which means fewer
animals which means less food
What are some ways that can prevent some pollutants from reaching the air

1 2 3 4
Put pollution Stop cutting Stop burning Reduce
awareness trees stuff industrial
signs usage
Thanks for
your time