UNIT-1

Investigating plant growth

Prepared by :
Tr. HSu Haymann Win
 Content
1.1 Seeds
1.2 How seeds grow
1.3 Investigating germination
1.4 What do plants need to grow?
1.5 Plants and light
Check your progress
 Fruit Seed

Different types
of fruits and
their seeds
 Monocotyledons

Types of seeds
Dicotyledons
Scar/hilum
 1. Name 3 seeds that are monocotyledons.
2. Name 3 seeds that are dicotyledons.
3. Name the difference between monocotyledons and
dicotyledons
4. Explain the function of the following :
Questions (a) Endosperm
(b) Seed coat
(c) Scar/Hilum
(d) Embryo
5. Flower is a reproductive organ of a plant. True or False?
 Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
Words to learn Endosperm
Seed coat Reserve
Embryo Scar/Hilum
 Monocot Dicot
A A C
B

Label this C
picture D
B
D
 1. Why does the seed need a food store?
2. .Why does the seed need a seed coat?
3. What do you think the seed needs to make it start to grow?

Answer these
questions!
 Facts to remember
 We find seeds inside fruits. Fruits and seeds can be different sizes and shapes.
 Seeds grow into new plants. There is a tiny plant inside the seed that starts to
grow when it has all the things that it needs.
 The tiny plant inside the seed is called an embryo. The seed also has a food
store which is called as endosperm.
Facts to  A seed has a seed coat, endosperm, embryo and scar.

remember
 Germination
If a seed is given the right conditions, and the embryo is alive, it will grow.
When a seed starts to grow, we say it germinates. This process is called
germination.
The seed uses its food store to give it the energy to grow. The seeds shrivels
and becomes small after germination.

1.2
Germination
Stages of Germination
 Stages of Germination
1. Seed absorbs water and swells.
2. Seed coat splits.
3. The first root starts to grow.
4. The root grows down into the soil
5. The first shoot starts to grow.
6. The shoot grows up above the ground.
7. The first leaves grow.
8. Side roots grow.
 Germination
Condition
Words to learn Shrivel
Split Downwards
Shoot Upwards
 Facts to remember
Seeds start to germinate if the conditions
are right and the embryo is alive.
Facts to The food store gives seeds the energy
remember they need for germination.
Seeds absorb water to start germination.
The new root grows downwards first,
followed by the new shoot which grows
upwards.
 1. Why do seeds need to absorb water?

2. (a) Which part of the new bean plant grows first?

3. In which direction does the first shoot grow and why?

Questions
4. Why do you think the new leaves start to grow above the

ground?

5. Why do you thin the seed shrivels and becomes small after

germination?
  Activity 1.3 a
 Step-1 : Cover both saucers with moist paper towel.
 Step-2 : Place one saucer in each bag.
 Step-3 : Use the straw to suck all the air out of one bag. Quickly
1.3 close it with a bag tie.
Investigating  Step-4 : Close the other bag, leaving air inside it.

germination  Leave both bags in a warm place for two days, then remove the
seeds from the bags and observe them.
 Which seeds germinated?
 Suggest a reason for it.
 Activity 1.4 Questions
1. Whose plant grew the best?
Draw a bar chart of plant growth
Ashok and his friends grew some plants in pots. 2. Whose plant grew the worst?
Ashok put his plant in a sunny place and watered it twice a week.
Marco put his plants in a shady place and watered it twice a week.
3. Why did Leo’s plant look dry and brown?

Leo put his plants in a sunny place but forget to water it. 4. Why was Marco’s plant smaller than Ashok’s?

1.4AfterWhat do
Tariq kept his plant under bed and watered it twice a week.
two weeks they measured how much their plants had grown. 5. Explain why Tariq’s plant was think and weak
plants
Name
need toHow the plants Growth of plants 6. Predict the height of a plant placed in a
grow?
Ashok
looked
Green and healthy 25
in cm
greenhouse and watered. Explained your
Marco Lighter green and 18
quite healthy prediction.
Leo Dry and brown 6
7. Draw another bar on your chart to show your
Tariq Thin and weak 14
prediction.

Draw a bar chart for the result.