Color Chemistry

What is Color?
• The color of chemicals is a physical property of
chemicals that in most cases comes from the
excitation of electrons due to an absorption of
energy performed by the chemical.
What is Dyes?
• Dyes, also known as colorants in which the
coloring matter is dissolved in liquid, are
absorbed into the material to which they are
applied.
What is Pigment?
• Pigments consist of extremely fine particles of
ground coloring matter suspended in liquid
which forms a paint film that actually bonds to
the surface it is applied to.
State the Difference between dye and
pigment.
Dye
1. Water solubility 70%
2. Most of all dyes are organic compounds
and some are metalic compounds.
3. By dyes can be dyed of all types of
fabric.
4. Dye has fastness properties.
5. Dye diffusions in the fabric.
6. Costly, as they prepared chemically.
7. No binding agent is required.
Pigment
1. 100% water insoluable.
2. Most of pigments are inorganic
compound.
3. By pigment can not be dyed of all types
of fabric.
4. Pigment has good fastness properties.
5. Dye diffusion on the fabric.
6. Cheap as they found by mineral origin.
7. Binding agent is essential
State the Classification of dyes according
to application.
According to method of application:
 Direct dye
 Reactive dye
 Vat dye
 Azoic dye
 Sulphur dye
 Basic dye
 Acid dye
 Disperse dye
State the Classification of dyes according
to chemical structure

According to the chemical structure:

 Azo dye
 Indigoid dye
 Anthraquinone dye
 Polymethine dye
 Styryl dye
 Nitro & nitroso dye
 Phthalo cyanine dye
 Aryl carbonium dye