Female

Reproductive
System
By Sachin Vijay
Overview

What we will learn about in this presentation :-

● Ovaries
● Parts of female reproductive system
● Pregnancy
● What happens when the egg cell is not fertilized
 Ovaries
Ovaries act as the main female sex
organs that produce the female gamete
and various hormones. These organs are
situated one on both the side of the lower
abdomen. Each ovary measures about 2
to 4 cm in length which is then connected
to the uterus and pelvic wall through
ligaments

The muscles and ligaments that line the part of the body
between the hips.
 Parts of female reproductive system

Vagina

Cervix

Uterus

Oviduct/Fallopian
tube

Ovaries
 Parts That Help Sperm to Reach the Oviduct
Vagina Cervix
It is a muscular canal that The Cervix is the lower end of
extends from vulva to the neck the uterus and above the
of the uterus. The sperms enter vagina. It is about 2.5 to 3.5cm
through the vaginal passage long.It allows blood from a
during sexual intercourse. menstrual period and a baby to
pass from the womb into the
vagina
Uterus
It is a hollow muscular organ
located in the female pelvis
between the bladder and
rectum. Once the egg has left
the ovary, it can be fertilized
and implant itself in the lining
of the uterus.
Fallopian Tube
The sperms travel upwards and
reach the oviduct where they
may encounter the egg. That
tube is called Fallopian tube
 Around 30 crore sperm cells enter
the vagina, out of which, only 1
fuses with the egg cell. The ovum
always has X chromosome , if the
sperm cell is X chromosome, then
the offspring will result in a female
and if its a Y chromosome, then the

Pregnancy offspring will be a male.

● After the Zygote is formed, for

every 12 hours the zygote get
divided into 2 cell until it
becomes a 32 celled
ball .Through the fallopian tube
it goes to the lining in uterus .
 What happens when
the Egg is not
Fertilised?
● If the egg is not fertilised, it lives for about one day.

● Since the ovary releases one egg every month, the uterus also
prepares itself every month to receive a fertilised egg. Thus its
lining becomes thick and spongy.
The embryo gets nutrition from the mother’s blood with the
help of a special tissue called placenta.

This is a disc which is embedded in the uterine wall.

It contains villi on the embryo’s side of the tissue. On the

mother’s side are blood spaces, which surround the villi.

This provides a large surface area for glucose and oxygen to

pass from the mother to the embryo. The developing embryo
will also generate waste substances which can be removed by
transferring them into the mother’s blood through the
placenta.
Review