FACTORS WHICH LED TO THE BIRTH

OF PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM
1. ABOLITION OF THE GALLEON TRADE
- MANILA- ACAPULCO TRADE

- OBRAS PIAS [PIOUS WORK ] IS A CHARITABLE INSTITUTION FINANCIALLY SUPPORTED BY THE GALLEON TRADE

- ON SEPTEMBER 14 ,1815 , THE KING OF SPAIN FINALLY ABOLISHED THE GALLEON TRADE AFTER MORE THAN 200 YRS. OF EXISTENCE

2. OPENING OF THE PHILIPPINES TO WORLD TRADE

- BROUGHT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TO THE PHILIPPINES AND LED TO THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW GROUP IN PHILIPPINE SOCIETY
CALLED THE MIDDLE CLASS KNOWN AS THE ILLUSTRADOS

3. INFLUX OF LIBERAL IDEAS

- NEWS AND INFORMATION FROM OVERSEAS OPENED THE MINDS OF THE FILIPINOS MAKING THEM REALIZE THE DEPLORABLE
CONDITIONS OF THE COUNTRY

4. SPANISH REVOLUTION OF 1868

- QUEEN ISABELLA II WAS OUSTED FROM POWER RESULTING TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FIRST SPANIH REPUBLIC UNDER PRES.
FRANCISCO PI y MARGALL
5. REGIME OF CARLOS MA. DELA TORRE
- MOST LIBERAL AND MOST LOVED SPANISH GOVERNOR GENERAL OF THE PHILIPPINES

- IMPLEMENTED REFORMS SUCH AS ABOLITION OF PUBLIC SCOURGING AND LIFTING THE BAN ON FREEDOM OF SPEECH
AND FREEDOM OF THE PRESS

6. SECULARIZATION MOVEMENT
- REPLACING MISSIONARIES WITH SECULAR PRIESTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ORDER OF THE COUNCIL OF TRENT

- SECULARIZATION WILL RESULT TO FILIPINIZATION

7. RESTORATION OF MONARCHY
- A COUNTER REVOLUTION ENDED THE FIRST SPANIH REPUBLIC

8. REGIME OF RAFAEL IZQUIERDO

- REPLACED GOV. GEN. DELA TORRE AND RESTORED THE OLD ORDER WHICH MADE HIM UNPOPULAR TO FILIPINOS
9. CAVITE MUTINY
- IZQUIERDO REMOVED THE EXEMPTIONS OF THE WORKERS OF THE CAVITE ARSENAL IN THE PAYMENT OF TAXES AND THE
SERVICE OF THE FORCED LABOR BACAUSE OF THESE THEY LAUNCHED THE CAVITE MUTINY UNDER SERGEANT FRANCISCO LA
MADRID

- 10. EXECUTION OF GOMBURZA

- THE THREE PRIESTS “GOMBURZA” WERE IMPLICATED TO THE CAVITE MUTINY AS MASTERMINDS BECAUSE OF A FALSE
TESTIMONY GIVEN BY A BICOLANO SOLDIER NAMED FRANCISCO ZALDUA. THEY WERE EXECUTED IN BAGUMBAYAN [LUNETA]
ON FEBRUARY 17 ,1872.

11. PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

-OBJECTIVES 1. ASSIMILATION OF THE PHILIPPINES AS A REGULAR PROVINCE OF SPAIN

2.EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW BETWEEN FILIPINOS AND SPANIARDS

3. RESTORATION OF FILIPINO REPRESENTATION IN THE SPANISH CORTES

4. SECULARIZATION OF THE PARISHES

5. GRANTING OF BASIC RIGHTS AND FREEDOM

LEADERS OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA - GREATEST ORATOR OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

[ DIEGO LAURA } - FIRST EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF LA SOLIDARIDAD [ OFFICIAL NEWSPAPER ]

- AUTHOR OF “LA HIJA DEL FRAILE” AND “ FRAY BOTOD”

MARCELO H. DEL PILAR - GREATEST POLITICAL ANALYST AND JOURNALIST OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

[ PLARIDEL ] - LAST EDITOR-IN-CHIEF OF LA SOLIDARIDAD AND FOUNDER OF DIARYONG TAGALOG

[ PIPING DILAT ] - AUTHOR OF “DASALAN AT TOCSOHAN” , ” TEN COMMANDMENTS OF THE FRIARS” AND

[ DOLORES MANAPAT ] “ CAIIGAT CAYO “

JOSE RIZAL - GREATEST WRITER OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT

[ DIMASALANG ] - AUTHOR OF “ LA VISION DEL FRAY RODRIGUEZ “

[ LAON – LAAN]
PROPAGANDA MEMBERS
ANTONIO LUNA [ TAGA –ILOG ] - WROTE “ IMPRESIONES “

PEDRO PATERNO - WROTE “NINAY” [FIRST FILIPINO NOVEL]

GREGORIO SANCIANCO - WROTE “ EL PROGRESO DE FILIPINAS”

MARIANO PONCE [NANING/TIKBALANG/ KALIPULAKO ]- WROTE “ CELEBRES FILIPINOS”

JOSE MA. PANGANIBAN [ JOMAPA ] - WROTE “ LA UNIBERSIDAD FILIPINAS : PLAN DE ESTUDIOS “

ISABELO DELOS REYES - WROTE “ HISTORIA DE ILOCOS “ AND “ EL FOLKLORE FILIPINO”

12. COUNTER PROPAGANDA

MEMBERS : PABLO FECED [QUIOQUIAP] - WROTE “THE PHILIPPINES : SKETCHES AND STROKES”

WENCESLAO RETANA [DESENGANOS]- WROTE “PHILIPPINE QUESTIONS : WARNINGS AND

PROPHECIES “

FR. MIGUEL LUCIO BUSTAMANTE - WROTE “TANDANG BASIONG MACUNAT”

FR. JOSE RODRIGUEZ - WROTE “ CAIINGAT CAYO “

 13. FAILURE OF THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT
REASONS FOR THE FAILURE 1. LACK OF FUNDS 2. HEALTH PROBLEMS 3. HOMESICKNESS

4. PERSONAL PROBLEMS 5. CONFLICT OF OPINIONS

14. LA LIGA FILIPINA

- CIVIC ORGANIZATION FOUNDED BY RIZAL WHICH LASTED ONLY FOR 3 DAYS AND HELD ONLY A SINGLE MEETING BECAUSE
OF RIZAL’S DEPORTATION. IT WAS LATER DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS ; THE LOS COMPROMISARIOS HEADED BY
APOLINARIO MABINI AND THE KKK HEADED BY ANDRES BONIFACIO.

15. PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION OF 1896

-KATIPUNAN [ KKK ] FOUNDED BY ANDRES BONIFACIO LAUNCHED THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION OF 1896 WHICH LATER
PAVED THE WAY FOR PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE