University of Bohol

College of Tourism/Hospitality Management

eco tourism
Prepared by Charles Erwin Suico, MBA-TRM
Scuba Diving
scuba diving vs. snorkellingintroduction
scuba diving vs. snorkellingintroduction
Snorkelling is a form of swimming carried out within
the surface of a body of water, with the head facing
down using a gear called “snorkel”
scuba diving vs. snorkellingintroduction
Snorkel is a breathing apparatus made of a curved
rubber-tube meant to be attached to the mouth and
held above the surface of water allowing a person
to breathe while swimming
snorkelling introduction
snorkelling introduction
scuba diving vs. snorkellingintroduction
Scuba diving is a form of swimming undertaken
below the surface of a body of water using a set of
equipments that allows a person to breathe, swim, and
stay longer underwater
scuba diving introduction
 introduction
scuba diving in the Philippines
Scuba diving is considered to be the most successful
ecotourism activity in the Philippines

Scuba diving is one of the reasons why coral reefs in the

country has survived from total damaged because of the
vigilance of the LGU, diving operators, and the
community against obliteration of the marine resources
 introduction
scuba diving in the Philippines
Scuba diving is a sport practiced recreationally and
can even become a profession.

Degree of scuba diving licensure:

a. Open-water
b. Advanced open-water (night diving, cave diving)
c. Technical open-water (dive guide)
d. Rescue diver (dive instructor)
e. Commercial diver
f. Military diver
g. Scientific diver
 introduction
scuba diving in the Philippines
Factors why scuba diving has become the most
successful ecotourism activity in the country:
a. The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,107
islands
b. The Philippines has one of the most diverse
marine life in the world
c. There are hundreds of establishments directly
and indirectly involved in the business of scuba
diving
 introduction
scuba diving in the Philippines
Unethical practices in scuba diving:
a. Spearfishing
b. Feeding of fishes
c. Touching the corals and other marine
organism
d. Agitating
e. Playing with marine creatures
history of scuba diving introduction
The first commercially successful scuba set were
the Aqualung twin hose open circuit units developed by
Emile Gagnan and Jacques- Yves Cousteau
history of scuba diving introduction
The origin of the present-day scuba regulators (single
hose two-staged) can be traced back to Australia which
was developed by Ted Eldred and called it “the
Porpoise”
history of scuba diving introduction
The term SCUBA is an acronym which stands for:
Self
Contained
Underwater
Breathing
Apparatus

The term was coined by

Christian J. Lambertsen
during the World War II
referring to the United
States combat frogmen's
oxygen rebreathers
scuba diving:
types of diving
types of scuba diving introduction
1. Recreational Diving – diving devoted to fun, leisure
and sport
2. Technical Diving – diving that requires specialized
training and hi-tech equipments
3. Scientific Diving – diving that is commissioned to
finding new breakthrough in science
4. Military Diving – diving that involves task underwater
like surveillance, intelligence and research
5. Commercial Diving – diving as means of
occupation or livelihood
recreational scuba diving introduction
technical scuba diving introduction
scientific scuba diving introduction
military scuba diving introduction
commercial scuba diving introduction
 scuba diving:
ethics and guidelines
scuba diving guidelines introduction
1. Don’t dive alone – Diving alone will make oneself
vulnerable to all danger and harm there is in the
underwater wilderness
2. Don’t hold your breath - Always breathe as normally
as possible to avoid the potential of lung over- expansion
injuries. Delaying exhaling while ascending can cause
damage to the alveoli in your lungs, and can therefore
cause severe lung injury, and in extreme cases, death.
scuba diving guidelines introduction
3. Don’t ascend faster than your smallest exhaled
bubbles – Ascend slowly to let your body get rid of
unwanted nitrogen that has collected in your
bloodstream and body tissues.
scuba diving guidelines introduction
4. Don’t stay down too long – Remember to plan your dive
and dive your plan. There's nothing down there that's
worth running the risk of running out of air or having
issues with residual nitrogen after the dive. In
recreational diving, observe remaining bottom time on
your dive computer and don't end the dive with less than
about 500 psi in your tank.
5. Don’t dive too deep – Keep in mind that the deeper you
dive the smaller a period of time you can stay there.
Shallower dives allow you to stay underwater for
longer periods of time. The generally accepted depth limit
for recreational divers is 130 feet.
scuba diving guidelines introduction
6. Don’t dive with uncertain or malfunctioning
equipment - Properly functioning equipment is
crucial in scuba diving. Scuba equipment must be
in good working order because it is going to be your only
life support underwater
7. Don’t destroy the environment - Make sure your
buoyancy skills and placement in the water are well honed
and your feet are up during diving to avoid hitting the
corals. Marine biodiversity is a fragile
environment. It takes hundreds of years for corals to form
and thrive.
8. Don’t touch or play with any creature or organism
underwater – Most underwater creature either bites,
sting, or causes allergy
scuba diving guidelines introduction
9. Don’t plan a decompression dive as a
recreational scuba diver - Keep to the
recommended depth and time limits for recreational
diving until you are ready to move on. Maintain good
physical condition as mental health is the key element
in all diving environments.
scuba diving guidelines introduction
10. Don’t go in overhead environments - Be sure you have
proper training, equipment, and dive team before you dive
into caves, caverns, or wreck sites. Stay in open water with
plenty of ambient light. Curiosity kills while common sense
will keep you alive.
scuba diving guidelines introduction
11. Don’t dive beyond your training - Enjoy the
environments in which you are trained and for which you
are prepared. Get plenty of experience and gain comfort
in your skills and abilities before you proceed to the next
level of diving.
scuba diving guidelines introduction
12. Don’t forget your safety stop – Before you ascend to
surface, always hang out at 15 feet for 3 to 5
minutes to eliminate nitrogen in your body.
Eliminating nitrogen in your system is very important
scuba diving guidelines introduction
13. Don’t forget to log your dive - Keep a record of
when and where you've dived, what you've seen, and
what equipments you’ve used to make it easier and handy
next time you dive
scuba diving:
communications
buddy up introduction
hold on to each other introduction
slow down introduction
boat introduction
which way? introduction
turn around introduction
cramp introduction
stop introduction
emergency out of air introduction
give me air introduction
OK - surface introduction
OK - surface introduction
ascend introduction
okay introduction
 scuba diving:
gears & equipments
mask and snorkel introduction
dry suit / rash guard introduction
dive boots introduction
fins introduction
weigh belt introduction
 introduction
buoyancy control device (BCD)
pressure gauge introduction
regulator introduction
air tank introduction
air tank connections introduction
Nozzle

Air tank

Pressure gauge

Regulator

Alternate air source

scuba diving:
sites & sights
dive sites of the Philippinesintroduction
world dive sites introduction
dive sights introduction
scuba diving:
the training
scuba pool training introduction
 end of
presentation