UNIT 14:

REVIEW ON READING
SKILLS

Objectives:
To get general ideas of reading
skills
 What skills does reading
involve?
• Skimming to find the topic and the main idea
of a passage
• Scanning to find specific pieces of
information intended
• Finding referents
• Guessing meanings of unknown words
• Understanding particular text organizations
• Reading tables and graphs
• Transferring information and understanding
transitional markers
• Distinguishing facts from opinions
Grammatical Skills Necessary for
Reading
• Noun Phrase
• Noun Clause
• Expletive There and It
• Adverb Clause
• Adjective Phrase
• Adjective Clause
• Modal Auxiliaries
 Practice 1
Music is clearly different from language. People
can, nevertheless, use it to communicate things
– especially their emotions – and when allied
with speech in a song, it is one of the most
powerful means of communication. But what is
it? If music is truly distinct from speech, then it
ought to have a distinct processing mechanism
in the brain – one that keeps it separate from the
interpretation of other sounds, including
language. The evidence suggests that such a
separate mechanism does, indeed, exist.
1. What is the topic, topic sentence, and controlling idea
of the above passage?
Music,
Music is clearly different from language,
Clearly different.
2. Is music the same as language?
No, it is not.
3. Who can communicate their emotions?
People.
4. What can be the most powerful mean of communication?
Music.
5. What do ”it (line 2) their (line 3) one (line 8)” refer to?
It = music, their = people, one = the brain.
6. The part of speech of “clearly” is …
Adverb
7. The word “communicate” (line 2) and “communication”
(line 5) are …
Verb, Noun.
 Practice 2
1. We (learn) English since we were in High School.
We have learnt English since we were in High School.
2. My father is not a smoker. He(not/smoke) cigarette.
He does not smoke cigarette.
3. Don’t be noisy! The baby (sleep) now.
The baby is sleeping now.
4. She (go) to Singapore last week.
She went to Singapore last week.
5. The students (do) an exam when the director (come).
The students were doing an exam when the director
came.
6. A new hospital (build) in this area next year.
A new hospital will be built in this area next year.
7. The room (use) everyday.
The room is used everyday.
 Practice 3
Some varieties of cassava when
grown under certain conditions of soils
and climate develop a high prussic acid
content and become extremely
poisonous to people. If eaten in a large
amount during pregnancy, it may cause
deformities in the developing fetus. It
may be responsible for birth defects.
What is the text organization of the reading
above?
Cause - Effect
 Practice 3
The prenatal life of an animal has three
phases. The first phase lasts from
fertilization until the start of cell
differentiation. During this phase, little
change in shape or weight of the ovum takes
place. In the second stage, or embryonic
phase, cell differentiation starts and the
major tissues and organs start to develop.
The third, or foetal, phase is characterized by
a rapid increase in the weight of foetus.

What is the text organization of the reading

above?
Process
 Practice 3
Lavas may be divided into two contrasting
types, acid and basic. Acid or siliceous lavas
have a high silica content, about 70 to 75 per
cent, and are stiff or viscous. They move
slowly over the surface and solidify close to
the vent. Basic lavas have a silica content of
about 50 per cent. Dark colored and fluid,
they flow more easily at lower temperatures
and reach a greater distance from the crater
than do acid lavas.

What is the text organization of the reading

above?
Classification
 Practice 3
Even though we come from different
cultures, my wife and I are alike in several
ways. For one thing, we are both thirty-two
years old. In fact, our birthdays are in the
same month, hers on July 10 and mine on
July 20. Another similarity is that we both
grew up in large cities. Helene was born and
raised in Paris and I come from Yokohama.
Third, our hobbies are alike too. My wife
devotes a lot of her free time to playing jazz
piano. In the same way, I like to spend time
after work strumming my guitar.

What is the text organization of the reading

above?
Comparison
 Practice 3
A more important similarity
concerns our values. For example,
Helene has strong opinions about
educating our children and raising
them to know right from wrong. I feel
likewise. Our children should receive a
good education and also have strong
moral training.

What is the text organization of the

reading above?
Comparison
 Practice 4
Is each statement below a fact or an
opinion?
Red and black pepper are from a
different family.
Fact
The world may soon be short of water.
Opinion
It is believed that the interest in the Artic
began in 1500.
Opinion
Deforestation has been a major cause in
the death of rivers.
Fact
 Practice 5
Is each statement below adverb,
adjective, or noun clause?
Even though it was raining she didn’t go
inside.
Adverb clause
Whoever is coming to the meeting must
bring their laptop.
Noun clause
My friend should be on the train which is
arriving at the station now.
Adjective clause
THANK YOU