Integumentary System

Integumentary System

Your integumentary system is your

body’s outer layer. It consists of your
skin, hair, nails and glands. These
organs and structures are your first
line of defense against bacteria and
help protect you from injury and
sunlight. Your integumentary
system works with other systems in
your body to keep it in balance.
 What is the integumentary system?

Your integumentary system

acts as a physical barrier —
protecting your body from
bacteria, infection, injury and
sunlight. It also helps regulate
your body temperature and
allows you to feel skin
sensations like hot and cold.
What makes up the integumentary system?

Your integumentary system is an

organ that consists of a few main
structures: skin, nails, hair and
glands, along with the nerves and
blood vessels that support them .
 Parts of integumentary system
sweat pore
hair shaft
Meissner’s corpuscle
stratum corneum (tactile corpuscle)

Skin pigment layer

stratum germinativum: epidermis
Your skin is the largest and heaviest stratum spinosum
stratum basale

organ in your body. It weighs about six dermal papilla

pounds (or more) and is approximately arrector pili muscle
dermis

2 millimeters thick — thinner on sebaceous gland

sensitive areas like eyelids, and thicker Pacinian corpuscle

hair follicle
on surfaces that take more stress, like papilla of hair
nerve fiber
hypodermis

the soles of your feet. One inch of your fascia

skin contains nearly 19 million cells. sweat gland

artery
lymph vessel
vein Ruffini corpuscle
 Skin
Your skin is composed of three layers, with nerves
that recognize different sensations in each layer:
•Epidermis: The top layer of your skin. This is the
part of your skin that you can see and touch. It’s
made up of three types of cells: melanocytes,
keratinocytes and Langerhans. It gives your skin
its color and provides a waterproof barrier.
•Dermis: The middle layer of your skin. This layer is
the thickest. It contains sweat and oil glands and
hair follicles.
•Hypodermis: The bottom layer of your skin. It’s
the fatty layer of your skin that helps insulate your
body.
 Nails
Your nails protect the ends of your fingers and
toes. The anatomy of your nail consists of:

•Nail plate: The hard part of your nail you can see.
•Nail bed: The skin under your nail plate.
•Cuticle: The thin skin at the base of your nail plate.
•Matrix: The “root” of your nail responsible for
making it grow.
•Lunula: The white, moon-shaped part of your nail
plate
 Hair
Our hair does more than help us look nice. The hair
on your head helps keep heat in your body. Your
eyelashes and eyebrows help protect your eyes
from dirt and water.
Your hair is made of a protein called keratin. Your
hair consists of three parts: the shaft, follicle and
bulb.
•Hair shaft: The part of your hair you can see, touch
and style.
•Hair follicle: The tube-like structure that keeps
your hair in your skin.
•Hair bulb: Located under your skin and responsible
for hair growth
 Hair
Goosebumps are caused by your integumentary
system. We all have hair erector muscles connected to
our hair follicles and skin. When it contracts, it makes
your hair stand up. The “goosebumps” are what we
see when these tiny muscles contract
 Glands
Glands are found throughout your skin. They
release materials like water, salt or oil from
under your skin to the surface of your skin.
Your integumentary system consists of the
following glands:
Eccrine sweat gland
The primary function is body temperature
regulation. Eccrine sweat glands are coiled
tubular glands derived leading directly to the
most superficial layer of the epidermis (out layer
of skin) but extending into the inner layer of the
skin (dermis layer)
Glands
The sebaceous glands are glands
found in the skin of mammals.
They secrete an oily substance
called sebum (Latin, meaning fat
or tallow) that is made of fat
(lipids) and the debris of dead
fat-producing cells. These glands
exist in humans throughout the
skin except in the palms of the
hands and soles of the feet.
 Glands
Apocrine glands open into the
hair follicle, leading to the
surface of the skin. Apocrine
glands develop in areas with
many hair follicles, such as on
the scalp, armpits and groin.
Eccrine sweat glands are
involved in hyperhidrosis,
though apocrine glands may
play a role as well
What is the purpose of the integumentary system?

Your integumentary system protects your body from

infection and injuries you could get from your external
environment. It’s your body’s coat of armor and the first
line of defense against viruses, bacteria and other
microbes. It shields your body from harmful light and
helps regulate your body temperature. Your
integumentary system stores fat, water, glucose and
vitamin D, and helps support your immune system to
protect you from diseases.
Your integumentary system has many important functions. It:
•Provides physical protection against bacteria and germs.
•Absorbs and helps heal abrasions, cuts and other injuries.
•Cushions and protects your body from infection.
•Protects you from the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays and sunburn.
•Excretes sebum, sweat and other waste from your body.
•Regulates your body temperature and allows you to stay cool.
•Helps you feel heat, cold and detect other sensations.
•Synthesizes vitamin D.
How does the integumentary system work with other
systems?

Your body is like a complex machine. All of your organs,

body parts and systems work together to keep everything
in check and working as it should. Your integumentary
system plays a role in helping other systems maintain their
functions.
For example, it helps your immune system because it’s the
first line of defense against bacteria and infection. It also
sends white blood cells to injuries to begin the healing
process.
Your integumentary system helps you absorb
vitamin D, which acts as a hormone and is
crucial to your bone health because it affects
calcium absorption.
The tiny hairs in your nose help your respiratory
system because they filter out dust and other
particles before you inhale them into your lungs.
THE END

BY:RENEJAY AND VINCE