1

Verbs are sometimes described as action

words.This is partly true. Many verbs give the
idea of
action, of "doing" something. For example: run,
fight, do and work convey action.

But some verbs do not give the idea of action.

They give the idea of existence, of state, of
"being". For example: be, exist, seem and
belong convey state.

2
3
4
 Sometimes a simple predicate is made up of two or more
verbs. The main verb is the most important verb in the
predicate. It comes last in a group of verbs. For example:

He is working in the garden.

He has planted some tomatoes.

 A helping verb can work with the main verb to tell about
an action. The helping verb always comes before the main
verb. These words are often used as helping verbs: am, is,
are, was, were, has, have, had, and will.

He is working in the garden.

He has planted some tomatoes.

5
Transitive verbs always take objects. You will always be able to ask a
question beginning with 'What' or 'Whom'.
Examples:
I paid the bill last week. - What did you pay?
She studies Russian. - What does she study?

Intransitive verbs do not take direct objects.

Examples:
Peter's situation improved.
They slept peacefully.

You can recognize that a verb is intransitive because it does not have a
passive form.

6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Quiz time
Irregular verbs are formed by adding ‘ed’at the end of
verb…..

A.Yes
B.No

15
Quiz time
She reads a book. Does it have transitive
 Verb or Intransitive Verb?

A.Transitive
B.Intransitive

16
Quiz Time!
Stative Verbs are never used in continuous form.

A.Yes
B.No

17
5.Adverbs…
MODIFY or DESCRIBE: verbs,
adjectives, sentences, or other
adverbs

Adverbs…
describe a place, manner, or time

Let’s have Danny the dog help show us what all this means!
Quiz Time!
The adverb is used to give more information about
________?

a) Noun
b) Pronoun
c) Verb
d) Interjection

22
Quiz Time!
He quickly walked to the college. Which one is the
adverb?

a) He
b) Walked
c) College
d) Quickly

23
Quiz Time!
The game went ________?

a) Good
b) Bad
c) Well
d) None of the above

24
6. Prepositions
In English you use prepositions to connect nouns or
between nouns and pronouns.
Imagine that you encounter two
nouns: elephant and book. You can use
prepositions in many ways to connect the
two nouns to express different ideas:

25
continues

the book about the elephant

the book behind the elephant
the book in front of the elephant
the book near the elephant

26
27
Prepositions of time
 On is used with days.
 •I will see you on Monday.
 •The week begins on Sunday.

 At is used with noon, night, midnight, and with the time of day.
 •My plane leaves at noon.
 •The movie starts at 6 p.m.

 In is used with other parts of the day, with months, with years, with seasons.
 •He likes to read in the afternoon.
 •The days are long in August.
 •The book was published in 1999.
 •The flowers will bloom in spring.

 Since, for, by, from—to, from—until, during, (with)in –expresses extended time.
 •She has been gone since yesterday. (She left yesterday and has not returned.)
 •I'm going to Paris for two weeks. (I will spend two weeks there.)
 •The movie showed from August to/until October. (Beginning in August, ending in October.)
 •I watch TV during the evening. (For some period of time in the evening.)
 •We must finish the project within a year. (No longer than a year.)

28
29
Prepositions which introduce
the objects of verbs
 At –with verbs glance, laugh, look, rejoice, smile, and stare
 •She took a quick glance at her reflection. (exception with mirror: She took a quick
glance in the mirror.)
 •You didn't laugh at his joke.
 •I'm looking at the computer monitor.

 Of –with verbs approve, consist, and smell

 •I don't approve of his speech.
 •My contribution to the article consists of many pages.

 Of/About –with verbs dream and think

 •I dream of finishing college in four years.
 •Can you think of a number between one and ten?

 For –with verbs call, hope, look, wait, watch, and wish
 •Did someone call for a taxi?
 •He hopes for a raise in salary next year.
 •I'm looking for my keys.

30
Quiz Time
You have to leave your shoes _______ the door when
you enter the house.

A. In
B. Over
C. To
D. outside

31
Quiz Time!
It was a long walk, so he began moving slowly
________ the town.

A. For
B. Towards
C. Until
D. At

32
What is a conjunction?

A conjunction is a word that

connects words or groups of words.

There are three types of

conjunctions.
Coordinating Conjunctions
A coordinating conjunction joins words or word groups
that are used in the same way.

go for a walk or read a book movies or dvds

Egypt, Italy, and Spain beans and rice
after breakfast, but before lunch sad but true

The acronym FANBOYS will help you remember the

coordinating conjunctions.
FOR AND NOR BUT OR YET SO
Correlative Conjunctions
Correlative Conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions
that join words or word groups that are used in the
same way.

both….and not only….but also

either….or whether….or
neither….nor

The correlative conjunctions are always used in pairs.

Subordinating Conjunctions
A subordinating conjunction joins a dependent clause
to a main clause.

Some subordinating conjunctions are:

after how unless which
although if until while
as since when whose
as if so that whenever who
as long as than where whom
because that wherever whose
before though whether
continues
Quiz time
He wanted to improve his piano playing _______ he
wanted to win the competition.
A.so
B.but
C.because
D.therefore

39
Quiz Time!
Tom got good marks _______ he studied hard.
because
but
so
then

40
Quiz Time!
We are going to walk in the mountains _______play
football.
because
so
but
or

41
What is an interjection?
An interjection is a word that expresses emotion and
is often followed by an exclamation point.

It has no grammatical relation to rest

of the sentence.
Common Interjections
aha hey ouch whew
alas hooray ow wow
aw oh ugh yikes
goodness oops well yippee

Sometimes an interjection is set off by a comma or a pair

of commas.
 The fish weighed, oh, about three pounds.
 It’s time to go, alas.
Interjection Practice

Hey! Stop that.

Oh, never mind.
Something smells bad, ugh.
The party was, well, interesting.
Oh dear, Lilly! Be careful with that milk!
Is that a wasp? Ouch!
 TOTD
1. What type of conjunction are the FANBOYS?
2. What words represent FANBOYS?
3. Name one correlative conjunction pair.

What is the conjunction or conjunction pair in each sentence?

4. Come here or your grounded.
5. Either Kate or Josh will pick up Snoop.
6. I can’t go because I have class.

What is the interjection in each sentence?

7. “Whew, that was close,” breathed Jack.
8. The door slammed quickly. Pow!