Leaching procces

:Prepared By
Nader Abu Elyazid Abdallah
 Leaching procces
Introduction :
Leaching process is used in the extraction of substances from solids.
This is achieved by dissolving the given substance in a liquid.
This can be done via an industrial process or even through a natural
process.

Definition:
Chemical extraction of metals or minerals from the confines of an ore
deposits as well as from material already excavated and mined.
Types
 In-situ
If the extraction is carried out on mineral in place.
To achieve a successful in-situ operation the mineral must be in a
water saturated zone.
Heap leaching:
It is performed on previously mined material in dumbs, tailing or
slag piles so it is always a secondary process.

Tank leaching and Vat leaching:

Are procces wherein the ores are placed in larg tanks or vat which
contain leaching solution.
Cycle of operation

1- Production of material for leaching in dump, vat or heap.

2- Application of solvent to heap.

3- Percolation of solvent throw heap, dissolving mineral.

4- Collection of pregnant solution.

5- Processing to recover mineral and reagent solvent

Condition:

1- Ore strength: porous and permeability.

2- Rock strength: is porous layer.
3- Deposit shape: massive, layer, or bed.
4- Deposit dip: steep.
5- Deposit size: preferable large.
6- Ore grade: can be very low.
7- Ore uniformity: variable.
8- Depth: intermediate 1000 ft. (300 m).
9- Other: moderate to large quantity of water.
Advantages:
1- High productivity and production rate.

2- Low mining cost and labor requirements.

3- Deep low grade deposit.

4- Reduce development cost and time.

5- Supplements primary mining.

6- Good health and safety.

Disadvantages:
1- Limited to soluble mineral that can chemically leached.

2- Moderate water requirements.

3- Unselective.

4- High dilution.

5- Process control is difficult.

6- Low recovery.

7- Environmental hazard specially ground water contamination

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