LESSON 3

THEORIES OF MANAGEMENT
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CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT APPROACH

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BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT APPROACH

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MODERN MANAGEMENT APPROACH

 CLASSICAL
MANAGEMENT
THEORIES
1900 - 1930
 CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT
THEORIES

THIS LOOKS AT THE PRIMARILY GOAL IS

MANAGEMENT MAINLY MAXIMIZING PRODUCTIVITY
(MORE PRODUCT OUTPUTS
FROM A “RATIONAL” TURNED IN BY WORKERS OVER
PERSPECTIVES THAT A GIVEN PERIOD OF TIME) AND
ASSUMES THERE IS “ONE EFFICIENCY (USING LESS
BEST WAY” TO DO AMOUNT OF INPUTS TO
PRODUCE THE SAME AMOUNT
THINGS. OF PRODUCT OUTPUTS).
 THE APPROACH EMPHASIZES THE
COMPLETION OF TASKS THROUGH DETAILED
STEP-BY-STEP PROCEDURE. IT GAVE BIRTH TO
A MICRO VIEW OF MANAGEMENT THAT
PERCEIVES ORGANIZATIONS AS “CLOSED
SYSTEMS” WITH THE PRIMARY FOCUS ON
INTERNAL FUNCTIONS.
CLASSICAL MANAGERS GIVE ORDERS TO
THEIR STAFF ON WHAT TO DO, PROVIDE
THEM WITH DETAILED PROCEDURES ON
HOW TO DO THE TASKS REQUIRED, AND
EXPECT THEM TO FOLLOW WHAT THEY
WERE TOLD TO DO.
 CLASSICAL MANAGEMENT
THEORIES

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
THE DOMINANT
THOUGHTS
UNDER
ADMINISTRATIVE PRINCIPLES
CLASSICAL
MANAGEMENT
THEORIES
BUREAUCRATIC ORGANIZATION
MAIN IDEAS AND FEATURES OF CLASSICAL
MANAGEMENT THEORIES

FREDERICK
TAYLOR
FATHER OF PRINCIPLES Type something here.

OF SCIENTIFIC
MANAGEMENT
 MAIN IDEAS CONTRIBUTED

• EMPHASIS ON SCIENTIFIC
DETERMINATION IN FINDING THE “ONE
BEST WAY” FOR WORKERS TI FULFILL
THE JOBS ASSIGNED TO THEM.
MAIN IDEAS CONTRIBUTED

• TIME AND MOTION STUDY

 MAIN IDEAS CONTRIBUTED

• CAREFUL TRAINING AND SELECTION

OF WORKERS
 MAIN IDEAS CONTRIBUTED

• AIMED FOR WORKER’S PRODUCTIVITY

MAIN IDEAS AND FEATURES OF CLASSICAL
MANAGEMENT THEORIES

HENRI FAYOL
FATHER OF Type something here.
ADMINISTRATIVE
PRINCIPLES
MAIN IDEAS CONTRIBUTED
MAIN IDEAS AND FEATURES OF CLASSICAL
MANAGEMENT THEORIES

MAX WEBER
FATHER OF THE Type something here.
PRINCIPLES OF
BUREAUCRACY
He was a German sociologist, historian,
jurist and political economist, who is
regarded as among the most important
theorists of the development of modern
Western society.
WHAT IS BUREAUCRATIC
ORGANIZATION?
 defines bureaucracy as a highly structured,
formalized, and also an impersonal organization.
He also instituted the belief that an organization
must have a defined hierarchical structure and
clear rules, regulations, and lines of authority
which govern it.
 MAIN IDEAS CONTRIBUTED

• THE IDEAL STRUCTURE

• CHARACTERIZED BY DIVISION OF
LABOR, A CLEAR AUTHORITY
HIERARCHY, FORMAL SELECTION
PROCEDURES, DETAILED RULES AND
REGULATIONS, AND IMPERSONAL
RELATIONSHIPS
BEHAVIORAL
MANAGEMENT
THEORIES
1930 - 1950
 BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
THEORY

BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
THEORIES USHERED IN THE
“HUMAN RELATIONS” VIEW TO
MANAGEMENT APPROXIMATELY
DURING 1930-1950.
 BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
THEORIES
BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT THEORIES

BEHAVIORAL COOPERATIVE THEORY X AND HEIRARCHY OF

MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS THEORY Y NEEDS
 BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
THEORY
THESE THEORIES AIM TO
SATISYFY SOCIAL RELATIONS
AND PERSONAL FULFILLMENT
TO MOTIVATE EMPLOYES TO
SEEK THEIR BEST
PERFORMANCE.
 BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
THEORY

CLASSICAL APPROACH IS TASK-

ORIENTED

BEHAVIORAL APPROACH IS
PEOPLE-ORIENTED
 BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT
THEORY

EMPLOYEES
ARE REGARDED AS THE MOST
VALUABLE RESOURCE OF THE
ORGANIZATION AND HENCE, WORK
SATISFACTION MUST BE IMPROVED.
 MODERN
MANAGEMENT
THEORIES
1950 - 1980
 MODERN MANAGEMENT
THEORY
MODERN MANAGEMENT
INVOLVES SEVERAL VIEWS AND
TECHNIQUES. ONE OF THE THEM
IS THE USE OF QUANTITATIVE
ANALYSIS AND TOOLS IN
BUSINESS.
 MODERN MANAGEMENT
THEORY

ANOTHER APPROACH TO
MODERN MANAGEMENT IS THE
SYSTEMS VIEW OF THE
ORGANIZATIONN.
 MODERN MANAGEMENT
THEORY

THE SYSTEMS VIEW TO MANAGEMENT

ALLOWS AN INTEGRATED AND
HOLISTIC APPROACH FOR PLANNING
AND COORDINATING THE COMPLEX
ELEMENTS IN OPERATING A BUSINESS.
 MODERN MANAGEMENT
THEORY

“THERE IS NO ONE BEST WAY TO

MANAGEMENT”
 MAIN IDEAS AND FEATURES OF MODERN
MANAGEMENT THEORIES
QUALITY MODERN LEARNING EVIDENCE-BASED COMPETITVE
MOVEMENT MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
ORG.

• EDWARDS • JEFFRET
DEMMING • PETER • PETER PFEFFER • MICHAEL
• JOSEPH DRUCKER SENGE • ROBERT PORTER
JURAN SUTTON
 MAIN PROPONENTS

VARIOUS PROPONENTS
OF MANAGEMENT
SCIENCE OR OPERATIONS
RESEARCH (OR)
 MAIN PROPONENTS

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND

TOOLS: QUANTITATIVE AND
MATHEMATICAL APPROACHES
TO PRODUCTION AND
OPERATIONS
 MAIN PROPONENTS

W. EDWARDS DEMMING
(FATHER OF QUALITY MOVEMENT)
JOSEPH JURAN
(FATHER OF THE QUALITY PRINCIPLE
OF PLAN-CONTROL-IMPROVE)
 MAIN PROPONENTS

TOTAL QUALITY
MANAGEMENT (TQM)
• QUALITY PRINCIPLES
• CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
 MAIN PROPONENTS

PLAN-CONTROL-IMPROVE:
• SEARCH FOR AND
COMMITMENT TO QUALITY
• ALSO KNOWN AS CONTINUOUS
IMPROVEMENT
 MAIN PROPONENTS

PETER DRUCKER
(FATHER OF MODERN MOVEMENT)
 MAIN PROPONENTS

KNNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT:
IMPORTANCE OF INTELLECTUAL
CAPITAL TO COMPETITIVE
ADVANTAGE
 MAIN PROPONENTS

PETER SENGE
(FATHER OF THE LEARNING
ORGANIZATION)
 MAIN PROPONENTS

CONTINUOUS LEARNING AND

IMPROVEMENT OF
ORGANIZATIONAL MEMBERS
 MAIN PROPONENTS

JEFFREY PFEFFER
(DEVELOPER OF THE EVIDENCE-BASED
MANAGEMENT)
ROBERT SUTTON
(AMERICAN PROFESSOR AND
RESEARCHER)
 MAIN PROPONENTS

EVIDENCE-BASED MANAGEMENT
(EBMgt):
DECISIONS BASED ON HARD
FACTS OF WHAT REALLY WORKS
 MAIN PROPONENTS

MICHAEL PORTER
(FATHER OF COMPETITIVE STRATEGY)
 MAIN PROPONENTS

COMPETITIVE STRATEGY:
TECHNIQUES FOR ANALYZING
INDUSTRIES AND COMPETITORS
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 Bracket
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Final Round!
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