DAR ES SALAAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

MWANZA CAMPUS

DEPARTMENT OF LEATHER PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY

ORDINARY DIPLOMA IN LEATHER PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY
(NTA LEVEL 6)
PROJECT PROPOSAL

PROJECT TITLE: PRODUCTION OF A SHOE FOR A DIABETIC PATIENTS

MODULE CODE: MFLT 06105

STUDENT NAME: INNOCENT OBBEDY MWAIJONGA
REGISTRATION NUMBER: 200812021539
CLASS: OD20 LPT
PROJECT TYPE: PROBLEM SOLVING
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2022/2023
SUPERVISOR’S NAME: GEORGE KASHINDYE
 PRODUCTION OF A SHOE FOR A
DIABETIC PATIENTS
INTRODUCTION
• Diabetes is the one of the most common metabolic disease in world-
wide. This disease has the risk of amputations including complexity
of human body (WHO, 2022).
• Diabetes it leads to peripheral neuropathy, a loss of feeling in the
extremities, renders this individual unaware of sores that develop on
their feet until the wound becomes infected (Germani, et al, 2011).
• So, this diabetic shoe will provide some attributes such as to reduce
the foot ulceration and amputations risk and improves the blood
circulation to the legs and feet by offering good feet support and
comfort ability more than convectional footwear.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
• Diabetes it occurs either when the pancreas does not produces enough
insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces
(Saedi, et al, 2016).
• Diabetes can damage the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and
nerves combined with reduced blood flow, neuropathy (nerve
damage) in the feet increase the chance of foot ulcers, infection and
eventual need for limb amputation (Saedi, et al, 2016).
• So, the shoe will provides some attributes such as to reduce the foot
ulceration and amputations risk and improves the blood circulation to
the legs and feet, which will decrease the risk of foot troubles.
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT.

• GENERAL OBJECTIVE.
i. To produce a shoe for a diabetic patients.

• SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.
i. To design the upper pattern of diabetic shoe.
ii. To produce diabetic shoe.
iii. To test the performance of diabetic shoe.
 SIGNIFICANCES OF THE PROJECT.

i. The shoe will helps diabetic patients or will offer

good feet support and the comfortable to wear than
other conventional footwear.
ii. To manufacture, develop quality shoe and sale at a
reasonable cost.
iii. Creating awareness to the society that diabetic
leather shoe can reduce the foot ulceration and
amputation risk and improves the blood circulation
to the legs and feet.
 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT.
• The scope of this project is a small scale production
of the shoe for a diabetic patients and it will be
performed at Dar es salaam Institute of Technology
Mwanza Campus, Ilemela district.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
• Diabetes also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of
metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level
over a prolonged period of time. Diabetes is due to either the
pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body
cannot effectively use or not responding properly to the insulin
produced,(WHO, 2022). Insulin is a hormone which is
responding or regulate blood glucose from food get into cells
to be used for energy.
• There are two types of diabetes which are Type 1 diabetes
which characterized by loss of the insulin producing beta cells
of the pancreatic islets, leading to insulin deficiency. Then
another one is Type 2 diabetes which results from the body’s
ineffective use of insulin. This type is primarily due to the
lifestyle factors and genetics (Saedi, et al, 2016).
 DIABETIC COMPLICATION
• Below are the pictures that show some of diabetic
complication to human body;

Figure 1: Swollen feet’s (Richard, et al, 2018).

Figure 2: Foot ulce r (R ic hard, e t a l, 2018).
 SHOE

• Now day’s diabetic patients are increasing day by day. It is not

possible to cure diabetic completely with Medicare. But from
the research of medical science & scientific aspect of footwear
manufacturing, it is seen that the medicated footwear holding
some features which strongly reduces to some extent of
diabetes and also control foot ulceration and amputation risks
and other disorder (Peter, 2004).
• The three most important biomechanical mechanisms by
which medicated footwear act can be summarized as follows:
i. Uppers that protect and relieve stress on the dorsum, yet limit
shear motion.
ii. A footed that distributes load and relieves load on high risk
areas.
iii. Outsoles that restrict joint motion and alter load distribution
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A DIABETIC
SHOE
i. A deep toe box (this gives the toes extra room to move
around).
ii. Non-binding uppers (ensure there is no excess pressure on
the parts of the foot).
iii. Protective interior (comprise softer material and stitching
that won’t protrude and cause irritation to the foot).
iv. Lightweight cushioning soles.
v. Extra depth (to provide a pressure-free fit)
vi. Well-cushioned and soft insole (for reduce pressure on the
bottom of the foot, provide cushioning and deliver arch
support).
 METHODOLOGY
AREA OF STUDY.

This project will be conducted at Ilemela district in Mwanza

region and all activities will be conducted at DIT Mwanza
campus footwear and leather products workshop.
 RAW MATERIALS COLLECTION.
• EVA rubber, leather, adhesive, cellulose board and other will be
purchased at the local leather products accessories shops around
Mwanza, and they will be used for the manufacturing of a
diabetic shoe.
 PREPARATION OF UPPER PATTERN AND INSOLE.
 TOOLS AND MACHINE REQUIRED.
• Shoe last, ruler, tape measure, pencial, cutting board, designer
cutting knife, roughing machine, post bed sewing machine.
RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED.
• Manila paper, Mask tapes, EVA rubber, PVC and
PU adhesives, Cellulose board, Lining Leather,
Upper leather
DESIGNING AND PATTERN MAKING
• Designing of insole
• Constructing a forme
• Constructing a standard W pattern.
• Making a standard pattern.
23/02/2023 13
 DESIGN OF DIABETIC SHOE
• Below is a design of diabetic shoe that I will construct and
all patterns will be made from it.

Figure 3: A design of diabetic shoe

• Material cutting
• Closing and assembling
• Constructing a diabetic shoe insole
• Lasting
• Roughing, sole attaching and finishing

23/02/2023 15
QUESTIONNAIRE ON HOW TO TEST
THE SHOE PERFORMANCE

PARAMETER REMARK

 
COMFORTABILITY
 ESTIMATED BUDGET
S/N
RAW MATERIALS COST PER EACH TOTAL COST
1 PLAIN LEATHER (10 square feet) 4000/= 40000/=

2 LEATHER LINING (5 square feet) 3000/= 15000/=

3 ADHESIVE (PU & PVC) 1 liter 18000/= 18000/=

4 ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE (EVA) 6000/= 6000/=
RUBBER (1 meter)
5 INSOLE (1 sheet) 10000/= 10000/=
6 SOLE (3 pairs) 3000/= 9000/=

7 THREADS 5000/= 5000/=

8 FOAM 12000/= 12000/=

9 STATIONERIES 50000/= 50000/=

10 REINFORCEMENT (1 sheet) 6000/= 6000/=

11 TRANSPORT 2000/= 6000/=

TOTAL 177000/=
 REFERENCES
• Germani M, Mandolini M, Mengoni M, Raffaeli R, Montiel E and
Davia M, (2011), “Methods and
tools dedicated to shoes customization for people with diabetes”
in proceedings of the IMProve International Conference on Innovative
Methods in product Design, Venice,Italy.
• Guimaraes M, Ribeiro D and Renner J, (2012), “Cost benefit analysis
of a socio-technical intervention in a Brazilian footwear company”,
Applied Ergonomics.
• Peter R, Cavanagh, (2004), “Diabetes/Metabolism Research and
Reviews”.
• Richard G, Sutera J, Jezierski J, and Weiss G, (2018), “The risk of foot
ulceration in diabetic patients”, Podiatrist and Sports Medicine, New
York City.
• Saedi S, Gheini M, Faiz F, and Arami M, (2016), “Diabetes mellitus
and cognitive impairments” World journal of Diabetes.
• WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION, (2022), “Diabetes”.