INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS

SY 2022-2023
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SY 2022-2023
You may be familiar with probability and statistics
through radio, television, newspapers,
and magazines. For example, you may have read
statements like the following found in
newspapers.
(Source: U.S. Census Bureau.)
In Massachusetts, 36% of
adults aged 25 and older have
at least a bachelor’s degree.
(Source: Administrative Office of the
U.S. Courts,Washington, D.C.)

In 1995 there were 926,621

bankruptcy filings, while in
2005 there were 2,078,415
bankruptcy filings.
Toddlers need an average of
13 hours of sleep per day.
(Source: The College Board.)

The average in-state college

tuition and fees for 4-year
public college is P5,836.
There is a 3.8% probability of
selecting a briefcase containing
$1 million on the
television show “Deal or No
Deal.”
(Source: National Retail Federation.)

The back-to-school student

plans to spend, on average,
$114.38 on electronics and
computer-related items.
Statistics is used in almost all fields of
human endeavor.

CITE EXAMPLE IN TERMS OF

SPORTS
Statistics is the science of conducting
studies to collect, organize,
summarize, analyze, and draw
conclusions from data.
These reasons can be considered the
goals for studying statistics.

It is the purpose of this chapter to

introduce the goals for studying
statistics by answering questions
such as the following:
What are the branches of
statistics?

What are data?

How are samples selected?

Descriptive and Inferential Statistics
Objective : Demonstrate knowledge of
statistical terms.

1.To gain knowledge about seemingly

haphazard situations, statisticians collect
informa- tion for variables, which describe
the situation.
Data can be used in different ways. The
body of knowledge called statistics is
some-

times divided into two main areas,

depending on how data are used. The two
areas are

1. Descriptive statistics

2. Inferential statistics
 • A study conducted at Manatee Community College revealed
that students who attended class 95 to 100% of the time
usually received an A in the class. Students who attended class
• 80 to 90% of the time usually received a B or C in the class.
Students who attended class less
• than 80% of the time usually received a D or an F or eventually
Attendance and Grades withdrew from the class.
Read the following on • Based on this information, attendance and grades are related.
attendance The more you attend class,
and grades, and answer • the more likely you will receive a higher grade. If you improve
the questions.  your attendance, your grades
• will probably improve. Many factors affect your grade in a
course. One factor that you have
• considerable control over is attendance. You can increase your
opportunities for learning by
• attending class more often.
Attendance and Grades QUIZ
1. What are the variables under study?
2. What are the data in the study?
3. Are descriptive, inferential, or both types of statistics used?
4. What is the population under study?
5. Was a sample collected? If so, from where?
6. From the information given, comment on the relationship
between the variables.
HOME-BASED ACTIVITIES

1. To be checked on Friday 
2. Write your answers in your notebook
3. Answers only
4. Be on    time and creative                                       
5. Be honest with your own answers
6. Be strict on Time
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THANK YOU
MGA ANAK.......