lntroduction to Heat Transfer

Lesson outcome:
At the end of this class student should be able
to
. understand how thermodynamics and heat
transfer are related to each other.
. understand the basics of conduction heat
transfer.
 Heat transfer and thermodynamics
. Heat: The form of energy that can be transferred from one
system to another as a result of temperature difference.
. Thermodynamics is concerned with the amount of heat
transfer as a system undergoes a process from one
equilibrium state to another.
. Heat Transfer deals with the determination of the rates of
such energy transfers as well as variation of temperature.
. The transfer of energy as heat is always from the higher-
temperature medium to the lower-temperature one.
. Heat transfer stops when the two mediums reach the same
temperature.
. Heat can be transferred in three different modes:
conduction, conⅤection, radiation
 Do you like hot coffee?

How long it takes to cool down the coffee?

Which one get cold faster? Why?
Heat transfer on our daily life

can you identify other heat transfer nearby you now?

Modeling in engineering

Mode1ing is a powerfu1
engineering too1 that provides
great insight and simp1icity
and the expense of some
accuracy
 Heat and other form of energy
. Energy can exist in numerous forms such as: thermal,
mechanical, kinetic, potential, electrical, magnetic, chemical,
nuclear.
. InternaI energy 一 total microscopic energy of a system.
一 sensibIe heat 一 kinetic energy of the molecules.
一 Latent heat 一 associated with the phase of a system.

一 chemiCaI (bond ） energy 一 associated with the atomic bonds in a

molecule.

一 NUCIear energy 一 associated with the bonds within the nucleus of

the atom itself.
. Their sum constitutes the totaI energy E (or e on a unit mass basis ） of a
system.
 Energy transfer

. Energy transfer to or from a given mass can be by

two mechanisms:heat(Q) and work(w).

. Energy interaction by heat is driven by temperature

difference. otherwise it is work.

. The transfer of thermal energy or heat is referred

to heat transfer.
what is thermal energy?

what is the difference between thermal

energy and heat?
 Energy transfer
. The amount of heat transferred during the process is
denoted as Q (J ） .
. The amount of heat transferred per unit time is called
heat transfer rate, (J/s or w ） .
. when is constant, the rate of heat
transfer per unit area normal to the

direction of heat transfer is called heat flux,

. power:The work done per unit time.

 summary

. Thermodynamics
. Heat transfer
. Modeling in engineering
. Thermal energy and heat
. Heat transfer rate
. Heat flux